Search results for "Pressure"
showing 10 items of 4493 documents
Time pressure, working time control and long-term sickness absence
2015
Objectives Perceived time pressure at work has increased in most European countries during recent decades. Time pressure may be harmful for employees’ health and well-being. The aim of this register-based follow-up study is to investigate whether the effects of time pressure on long sickness absence vary by the level of working time control. Methods The data are taken from the Finnish Quality of Work Life Survey 2003 (n=3400), a representative sample of Finnish employees, combined with a register-based follow-up from Statistics Finland covering the years 2002–2006. In the 2003 survey, employees were asked about their perceived time pressure and to what extent they had control over working t…
The Adverse Events and Hemodynamic Effects of Adenosine-Based Cardiac MRI
2011
OBJECTIVE We wanted to prospectively assess the adverse events and hemodynamic effects associated with an intravenous adenosine infusion in patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease and who were undergoing cardiac MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and sixty-eight patients (64 ± 9 years) received adenosine (140 µg/kg/min) during cardiac MRI. Before and during the administration, the heart rate, systemic blood pressure, and oxygen saturation were monitored using a MRI-compatible system. We documented any signs and symptoms of potential adverse events. RESULTS In total, 47 out of 168 patients (28%) experienced adverse effects, which were mostly mild or moderate. In 13 patie…
Prevention of ischemic-type biliary lesions by arterial back-table pressure perfusion
2003
Abstract Ischemic-type biliary lesions (ITBLs) lead to considerable morbidity after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). The exact pathogenesis is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that insufficient perfusion of biliary arterial vessels might be responsible for ITBLs. This could be prevented by improved perfusion techniques. Since February 2000, we performed a controlled study using arterial back-table pressure perfusion (AP) to achieve reliable perfusion of the biliary-tract capillary system, which may be impaired by the high viscosity of University of Wisconsin solution. We retrospectively analyzed 190 OLTs performed between September 1997 and July 2002 with regard to ITBLs. One hundre…
Effect of obesity on left ventricular function studied by radionuclide angiocardiography
1991
Several studies have shown a significant association of obesity with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The present study was carried out to investigate central and systemic haemodynamics in overweight and moderate obese, but otherwise healthy subjects, and in a lean control group to determine whether obesity can influence left ventricular performance per se. In this study an attempt has been made to eliminate misleading factors, such as diabetes, lipid abnormalities and hypertension. A total of 67 subjects, 44 with overweight or moderate obesity and 23 lean healthy subjects, were included. Patients were divided into three groups according to BMI levels and Garrow's criteria as follows…
Ski jumping boots limit effective take-off in ski jumping
2002
In this study, we measured the vertical and horizontal take-off forces, plantar pressures and activation patterns of four muscles (vastus lateralis, gluteus maximus, tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius) in 10 ski jumpers in simulated laboratory conditions when wearing either training shoes or ski jumping boots. We found significant differences in vertical (P < 0.001), horizontal (P < 0.05) and resultant (P < 0.001) take-off velocities and vertical force impulse (P < 0.01). We found no significant differences in the jumpers' initial take-off positions; however, the jumping boots condition resulted in a smaller displacement in the final position of the following joint angles: ankle angle (P < 0.…
Assessment of various factors influencing esophageal pressure measurement
1980
Die intraluminale Manometrie wird zunehmend fur die Diagnose osophagealer Motilitatsstorungen eingesetzt. Die klinische Validitat der Methode hangt jedoch entscheidend von einer exakten Standardisierung der Methodik, des Untersuchungsablaufes und der Kenntnis der Einflusgrosen auf das Mesergebnis ab. Im ersten Teil dieser Studie wurde der Einflus verschiedener methodischer Faktoren auf das Ergebnis der Osophagusdruckmessung in Modellversuchen, bei 44 gesunden Probanden und bei 74 Patienten mit axialer Hiatushernie mit einem elektromagnetischen Mikrotransducer untersucht. Signifikante Unterschiede der Meswerte fanden sich in Abhangigkeit von der Sensorposition im oberen Osophagussphinkter (p…
Humidity of Anaesthetic Gases with Respect to Low Flow Anaesthesia
1994
It has been demonstrated in an experimental study in swine using the scanning electron microscope that a rebreathing technique utilising minimal fresh gas flowrates significantly improves climatization of anaesthetic gases. Consequently, effects of various anaesthetic techniques on airway climate must be assessed, which covers the need for suitable measuring devices. Basic principles and methods of humidity measurement in flowing anaesthetic gases include gravimetric hygrometry, dew point hygrometry, wet-dry bulb psychrometry, mass spectrometry, spectroscopic hygrometry and electrical hygrometry. A custom-made apparatus for continuous measurement of humidity and temperature in the inspired…
Cellular-free magnesium depletion in brain and muscle of normal and preeclamptic pregnancy: A nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic study
2004
Preeclampsia is a pregnancy disorder of unknown origin, characterized by vasospasm, elevated blood pressure, and increased neuromuscular irritability, features common to syndromes of magnesium deficiency. Evidence of serum and ionized magnesium metabolism disturbances have been observed in women with preeclampsia. This and the therapeutic utility of magnesium in preeclampsia led us to investigate the extent to which an endogenous tissue magnesium deficiency might be present in and contribute to its pathophysiology. We used 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to noninvasively measure in situ intracellular-free magnesium levels in brain and skeletal muscle of fasting nonpregnant wom…
Effects of Early Postfiltration Ocular Hypotony on Visual Acuity, Long-term Intraocular Pressure Control, and Posterior Segment Morphology
2001
Purpose To determine whether hypotony after filtration surgery has any influence on visual acuity and intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering. Patients and methods We prospectively investigated 43 eyes of 43 patients undergoing trabeculectomy without the use of antimetabolites for 12 months. Results The lowest postoperative IOP valued 4.9 +/- 3.6 mm Hg (range, 0-14 mm Hg). It correlated statistically significant with the IOP 6 weeks (P = 0.016), 6 months (P = 0.009), and 1 year after surgery (P = 0.027). Eyes with a deterioration of visual acuity 6 weeks after surgery had undergone a stronger postoperative hypotony (correlation with lowest postoperative IOP, P = 0.035). The mean period with an …
Circulatory response to volume expansion and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in refractory ascites: Relationship with diastolic dysfunc…
2015
Abstract Background Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy may lead to heart failure in stressful circumstances, such as after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement. Aim To examine whether acute volume expansion predicts haemodynamic changes after TIPS and elicits signs of impending heart failure. Methods We prospectively evaluated refractory ascites patients (group A) and compensated cirrhotics (group B), who underwent echocardiography, NT-proBNP measurement, and heart catheterization before and after volume load; group A repeated measurements after TIPS. Results 15 patients in group A (80% male; 54 ± 12.4 years) and 8 in group B (100% male; 56 ± 6.2 years) were enrolled. Echoca…