Search results for "Pressure"

showing 10 items of 4493 documents

Resonance Ionization Laser Ion Source - Off-line tests at TRIUMF

2004

Resonance ionization laser ion sources (RILIS) developed into the most powerful tool for radioactive ion beam production at on-line facilities, as they provide a selective ionization process with inherent suppression of unwanted isobaric contaminations at the ion source. While typical tunable laser systems for these applications are based on dye lasers, we developed an all solid state laser system which consists of three pulsed titanium:sapphire (ti:sa) lasers pumped by a single high repetition rate Nd:YAG laser. Each ti:sa laser provides up to 2.5 W average output power at 12 kHz repetition rate in the wavelength region of 700-950 nm with optional frequency doubling in BBO crystals. This l…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsDye laserlawFar-infrared laserLaser pumpingAtomic physicsAtomic vapor laser isotope separationLaserTunable laserIon sourceAtmospheric-pressure laser ionizationlaw.inventionNuclear Physics A
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Structural-hydraulic test of the liquid metal EURISOL target mock-up

2009

Abstract Structural-hydraulic tests of the European Isotope Separation On-Line (EURISOL) neutron converter target mock-up, named MErcury Target EXperiment 1 (METEX 1), have been conducted by Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI, Switzerland) in cooperation with Institute of Physics of the University of Latvia (IPUL, Latvia). PSI proceeded with extensive thermal-hydraulic and structural computational studies, followed by the target mock-up tests carried out on the mercury loop at IPUL. One of the main goals of the METEX 1 test is to investigate the hydraulic and structural behaviour of the EURISOL target mock-up for various inlet flow conditions (i.e. mass flow rates) and, in particular, for nominal …

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsLiquid metalbusiness.industryMass flowNuclear engineeringComputational fluid dynamicsVolumetric flow rateNuclear physicsVibrationTASK 2 [2]MockupCavitationTotal pressurebusinessInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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The magnetic shielding for the neutron decay spectrometer aSPECT

2014

Abstract Many experiments in nuclear and neutron physics are confronted with the problem that they use a superconducting magnetic spectrometer which potentially affects other experiments by their stray magnetic field. The retardation spectrometer a SPECT consists, inter alia, of a superconducting magnet system that produces a strong longitudinal magnetic field of up to 6.2 T. In order not to disturb other experiments in the vicinity of a SPECT, we had to develop a magnetic field return yoke for the magnet system. While the return yoke must reduce the stray magnetic field, the internal magnetic field and its homogeneity should not be affected. As in many cases, the magnetic shielding for a S…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsElectromagnetMagnetic energyDemagnetizing fieldForce between magnetsFOS: Physical sciencesInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)law.inventionComputational physicsNuclear physicsMagnetizationlawMagnetElectromagnetic shieldingMagnetic pressureNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)InstrumentationNuclear Experiment
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A large-area transition radiation detector

1990

Abstract The construction and the operation of a large-area transition radiation detector (TRD) for the NA31 experiment at CERN are described. The TRD incorporates several novel features for stabilizing the detector response. The density of the gas mixture (xenon+helium+methane) in the detection chambers is matched to the carbon dioxide gas in the surrounding radiators by tuning the helium concentration to avoid a hydrostatic pressure difference, which would deform the chamber walls. The chamber pressure is continuously regulated by computer control to maintain it to within 1 μbar of the radiator pressure. The gas gain of each of the four chambers is regulated to better than 0.2% by changin…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industryHelium ionization detectorDetectorHydrostatic pressurechemistry.chemical_elementMethaneChamber pressureNuclear physicschemistry.chemical_compoundTransition radiation detectorXenonOpticschemistryDetectors and Experimental TechniquesbusinessInstrumentationHelium
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Isothermal flow of helium II through plane slits

1972

Measurements are reported on the isothermal, gravitational flow of liquid He II through narrow plane slits. The employed superleak consists of ring-shaped Hostaphan foils packed in layers. The distance between the foils is varied by pressure. The performance of the measurements and the observance of the isothermal conditions are described. The velocity of the superfluid component of He II is calculated in dependence on the width of the slits, the temperature and the hydrostatic pressure. Especially the critical velocity is considered.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPlane (geometry)business.industryHydrostatic pressureIsothermal flowchemistry.chemical_elementMechanicsCritical ionization velocityIsothermal processSuperfluidityOpticschemistryFluid dynamicsbusinessHeliumZeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and nuclei
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Enhanced radiation pressure-assisted acceleration by temporally tuned counter-propagating pulses

2014

Within the last decade, laser-ion acceleration has become a field of broad interest. The possibility to generate short proton- or heavy ion bunches with an energy of a few tens of MeV by table-top laser systems could open new opportunities for medical or technical applications. Nevertheless, today's laser-acceleration schemes lead mainly to a temperature-like energy distribution of the accelerated ions, a big disadvantage compared to mono-energetic beams from conventional accelerators. Recent results 111 of laser-ion acceleration using radiation-pressure appear promising to overcome this drawback. In this paper, we demonstrate the influence of a second counter-propagating laser pulse intera…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy Physicsbusiness.industryPlasmaLaserlaw.inventionPulse (physics)IonAccelerationBunchesOpticsRadiation pressurelawPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsAtomic physicsbusinessInstrumentationEnergy (signal processing)Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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Polychromatic Cherenkov radiation and supercontinuum in tapered optical fibers

2012

We numerically demonstrate that bright solitons in tapered optical fibers can emit polychromatic Cherenkov radiation providing they remain spectrally close to the zero dispersion wavelength during propagation along the fiber. The prime role in this phenomenon is played by the soliton self-frequency shift driving efficiency of the radiation and tuning of its frequency. Depending on tapering and input pulse power, the radiation is emitted either as a train of pulses at different frequencies or as a single temporally broad and strongly chirped pulse.

PhysicsOptical fiberbusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsRadiationAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionSupercontinuumPulse (physics)Zero-dispersion wavelengthOpticsRadiation pressurelawPulse compressionOptoelectronicsbusinessCherenkov radiationJournal of the Optical Society of America B
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Periodic Motion for an Imperfect Solar Sail Near an Asteroid

2014

In this paper we consider the Hill 3-body problem with the extra effect of the solar radiation pressure as a model for the motion of a solar sail close to an asteroid. To model the sail’s acceleration, we include both reflectivity and absorption of the sail’s material. We describe the most relevant dynamical properties of the system for different reflectivity and absorption coefficients as well as different fixed sail orientations. We show families of periodic orbits, describe how they relate to the parameters of the sail and discuss their stability.

PhysicsOrbital planeAstronomySolar sailMechanicsQuantitative Biology::OtherStability (probability)Periodic functionPhysics::Popular PhysicsAccelerationRadiation pressureAsteroidPhysics::Space PhysicsAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)
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Influence of magnetic field on cooling by normal-insulator–superconductor junctions

2000

Cooling by normal-insulator–superconductor junctions in external magnetic field has been studied experimentally. For all orientations of magnetic field the cooling performance correlates with the magnetic field dependent superconducting energy gap Δ(H). In perpendicular orientation of magnetic field with respect to the sample plane, additional degradation of the cooling power originates from scattering of nonequilibrium quasiparticles in the superconductor on magnetic vortices. The effect is hysteretic and its magnitude depends on the shape of the superconducting probes.

PhysicsParamagnetismFlux pumpingCondensed matter physicsMagnetic energyMeissner effectCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityDemagnetizing fieldGeneral Physics and AstronomyDiamagnetismMagnetic pressureLittle–Parks effectJournal of Applied Physics
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Effects of the magnetodipolar interactions in the alternating magnetic fields

1999

A macroscopic theory for the description of the structure formation in a system of magnetic dipoles under the action of a high-frequency rotating field is presented. Continuum equations for the effective magnetic field strength describing particle interactions are derived. It is shown that, contrary to the case of a constant magnetic field, where the demagnetizing field arising from a concentration fluctuation stabilizes the system with respect to the phase separation, the same concentration fluctuation will be amplified in the case of a rotating magnetic field, leading to the formation of a layered structure. The extensions of the model necessary for the description of the formation of the…

PhysicsParamagnetismRotating magnetic fieldCondensed matter physicsDemagnetizing fieldMagnetorheological fluidMagnetic pressureOptical fieldCondensed Matter PhysicsMagnetic dipoleElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMagnetic fieldJournal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
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