Search results for "Prevention."

Ensuring Effective Prevention of Iodine Deficiency Disorders

2016

To access publisher's full text version of this article click on the hyperlink at the bottom of the page Programs initiated to prevent iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) may not remain effective due to changes in government policies, commercial factors, and human behavior that may affect the efficacy of IDD prevention programs in unpredictable directions. Monitoring and outcome studies are needed to optimize the effectiveness of IDD prevention. Although the need for monitoring is compelling, the current reality in Europe is less than optimal. Regular and systematic monitoring surveys have only been established in a few countries, and comparability across the studies is hampered by the lack o…

RESILIENCE AND VULNERABILITY OF URBAN SYSTEMS. A METHODOLOGICAL PROPOSAL FOR SEISMIC RISK MITIGATION

2014

Theoretical construct, method and working tool of the “Preventive Restoration”

2014

A restoration may constitute a positive moment to guarantee the conservation, transmission and a compatible use of an historical architecture, but it is often the result of a long and guilty omission of care, attesting a lack of interest in the architectural heritage we are late forced to heal with extensive and inva-sive interventions that, in most cases, could be prevented. Clear maintenance programs and a correct and well-planned preventive action could be sufficient to avoid unexpected interventions when it is too late; such simple concepts - apparently shared by everyone - however, remain rele-gated to a level of brainy attitudes or protocols that do not produce any ad-vantage in terms…

Reconciliation without violence

2009

Submitted version of an article published in the journal: Studia Theologica - Nordic Journal of Theology, Taylor & Francis Published version available at Informaworld: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00393380903334598 Is it possible to solve conflicts without using violence, or is the use of violent retribution necessary to solve problems and restore peace after serious crimes and offences? This is a classical question in the philosophy of law and in all the disciplines dealing with conflict resolution. It is also an important question in theology. The material for this article comes from interviews with sons who have grown up with violent fathers, and from philosophical and theological texts dea…

Dépistage du cancer du sein : en route vers le futur

2016

Breast cancer remains a potentially lethal disease, which requires aggressive treatments and is associated with long-term consequences. Its prognosis is linked to both tumor biology and burden at diagnosis. Although treatments have allowed important improvements in prognosis over the past 20 years, breast cancer screening remains necessary. Mammographic screening allows earlier stage diagnoses and a decrease of breast cancer specific mortality. However, breast cancer screening modalities should be revised with the objective to address demonstrated limitations of mammographic screening (limited benefit, imperfect sensitivity and specificity, overdiagnoses, radiation-induced morbidity). Furth…

Cancer and the microbiome : potential applications as new tumor biomarker

2015

Abstract: Microbial communities that colonize in humans are collectively described as microbiome. According to conservative estimates, about 15% of all types of neoplasms are related to different infective agents. However, current knowledge is not sufficient to explain how the microbiome contributes to the growth and development of cancers. Large and thorough studies involving colonized, diverse and complex microbiome entities are required to identify microbiome as a potential cancer marker and to understand how the immune system is involved in response to pathogens. This article reviews the existing evidence supporting the enigmatic association of transformed microbiome with the developmen…

Pancreatic cancer: risk and preventive factors

2018

In Asian countries, the increasing incidence of obesity has only recently opened a debate that has been ongoing in the West for a long time, not only regarding its cardiovascular consequences, but also the relationship between obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and cancer

Therapeutic modulation of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2)

2011

Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) is a calcium-independent phospholipase A2 that circulates in plasma in association with lipoprotein particles, whereas in atherosclerotic plaques it is co-localized with macrophages. Lp-PLA2 generates two proinflammatory mediators, lysophosphatidylcholine and oxidized nonesterified fatty acids, which play a role in the development of atherosclerotic lesions and formation of a necrotic core, leading to more vulnerable plaques. Epidemiologic studies demonstrate that increased circulating levels of Lp-PLA2 predict an increased risk of myocardial infarction, stroke and cardiovascular mortality. Furthermore, histologic examination of diseased hum…

International survey of violence risk assessment practices

2016

International audience; Objective Mental health professionals are routinely called upon to assess the violence risk presented by their patients, frequently aided by structured instruments. Though surveys of risk assessment and management have been conducted, these efforts have been largely circumscribed to individual countries and have not compared the practices of members of different professional disciplines. Method A web-based survey was developed to examine the international use of structured instruments in the violence risk assessment process across five continents and to compare the perceived utility of such instruments by psychologists, psychiatrists, and nurses. The survey was trans…

Risk Analysis of a Fuel Storage Terminal Using HAZOP and FTA

2017

[EN] The size and complexity of industrial chemical plants, together with the nature of the products handled, means that an analysis and control of the risks involved is required. This paper presents a methodology for risk analysis in chemical and allied industries that is based on a combination of HAZard and OPerability analysis (HAZOP) and a quantitative analysis of the most relevant risks through the development of fault trees, fault tree analysis (FTA). Results from FTA allow prioritizing the preventive and corrective measures to minimize the probability of failure. An analysis of a case study is performed; it consists in the terminal for unloading chemical and petroleum products, and t…