Search results for "Prevention"

Optimizing Fuel Consumption and Pollutant Emissions of a Spark Ignition Engine for Eco-driving Applications

2018

VPPC 2018, Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference, Chicago, ETATS-UNIS, 27-/08/2018 - 30/08/2018; The transportation sector is a major contributor to both air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. While optimizing fuel consumption reduces CO2 emissions, it can increase fuel-rich operation and cause higher HC and CO emissions. A simplified emissions model is thus introduced in order to account for the impact of air/fuel ratio on both the exhaust concentration of regulated pollutants and the catalyst efficiency. This model is used to solve the eco-driving problem with dynamic programming and a weighted objective function. An emission-centered and a consumption-centered scenario are compare…

Moderate alcohol use and health: a consensus document

2013

Abstract Aims The aim of this consensus paper is to review the available evidence on the association between moderate alcohol use, health and disease and to provide a working document to the scientific and health professional communities. Data synthesis In healthy adults and in the elderly, spontaneous consumption of alcoholic beverages within 30 g ethanol/d for men and 15 g/d for women is to be considered acceptable and do not deserve intervention by the primary care physician or the health professional in charge. Patients with increased risk for specific diseases, for example, women with familiar history of breast cancer, or subjects with familiar history of early cardiovascular disease, …

Prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of obesity. 2016 position statement of the Spanish Society for the Study of Obesity.

2017

A DIGITAL BEHAVIOURAL ASSESSMENT APPLICATION TO APPLY POSITIVE BEHAVIOUR SUPPORT IN SCHOOL WIDE INTERVENTION

2018

The Behavioural Assessment to improve School Environment (BASE) European Erasmus+ project responses to the European requirement of reforming the whole scholastic disciplinary system identifies in the proven US-born concept of the Positive Behaviour Support (PBS) one possible solution, and tries to adapt its practical and evidence-based principles to the heterogeneous European school settings. Recently, scientific studies (Sugai, Horner, 2016) have emphasized the promising role of PBS in reducing the occurrence of behavioural problems by setting up a preventive, proactive and multilevel system based on the direct involvement of the entire school team: starting from teachers, school leaders u…

Mothers who killed or attempted to kill their child: life circumstances, childhood abuse, and types of killing.

1999

The objectives of the present study were to examine the life circumstances, childhood abuse, and types of homicidal acts of 48 mothers who killed/attempted to kill their children) under age 12 between 1970-96 in Finland. Data on the mothers’ life stresses, psychological problems, and childhood abuse were collected from mental state examination (MSE) reports. The cases were divided into 15 neonaticides and 33 mothers who killed an older child. Childhood abuse was documented in 63% of the mothers’ MSE reports. Qualitative analysis identified neonaticides, joint homicide-suicide attempts, impulsive aggression, psychotic acts, postpartum depression, and abusive acts. Nonlinear principal compone…

Concurrent and predictive validity of self-reported aggressiveness

1981

Oral health knowledge in pre-school children: a survey among parents in central Italy

2019

Background The aim of this survey was to evaluate the knowledge and awareness of parents about potential oral health risk factors and correct management of oral hygiene of their preschool children. Material and Methods The participation to the survey was proposed to all parents of 3-5 year aged children attending a kindergarten in Campobasso. A self-administered questionnaire was completed to obtain information regarding demographic and education variables, knowledge about caries and its transmission, infant feeding practice, maternal oral health during pregnancy, parents and children's oral hygiene habits and risk behaviors (e.g., sharing cutlery, tasting of baby food, nightly using of bab…

Caracterización de la suplementación de folatos en el embarazo a partir de la combinación de sistemas de información sanitaria.

2012

ResumenObjetivosExplorar la utilidad de la combinación de los sistemas de información sanitaria de la Agencia Valenciana de Salud (AVS) para caracterizar la suplementación de folatos en la población de embarazadas de la Comunidad Valenciana.MétodosCohorte de todas las mujeres que parieron en hospitales de la AVS durante 2009, que fueron seguidas retrospectivamente en la historia clínica electrónica ABUCASIS y el sistema GAIA de gestión de la prescripción para identificar el consumo de folatos en los 3 meses previos y posteriores a la concepción.ResultadosDe los 38.069 partos realizados en 2009 en hospitales de la AVS, 37.040 (97,3%) pudieron incluirse en los análisis. Un 34,0% de las mujere…

El consumo de drogas en los adolescentes inmigrantes: implicaciones para la prevención

2009

El fuerte crecimiento de la inmigración está cambiando la confi guración de la sociedad española en un modo muy notable. El número de alumnos extranjeros en los centros educativos ha ido aumentando de forma continuada en la última década. Esa nueva realidad determina que toda una serie de conocimientos, relativamente bien establecidos sobre el consumo de drogas de los adolescentes, deban ser revisados para establecer pautas adecuadas para el desarrollo de programas de prevención adaptados a esta nueva realidad. En este trabajo, utilizando una muestra de 2.260 estudiantes de 1er y 2º ciclo de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (E.S.O.), se analizan los patrones de consumo de los adolescentes i…

[Pharmacological prevention of coronary relapses in Italian clinical practice: a literature review]. La prevenzione farmacologica delle recidive coro…

2012

Scientific advances in cardiovascular research during the last decades have afforded effective pharmacological treatment to those surviving their first acute myocardial infarction. This secondary prevention treatment, based upon the combined administration of statins, aspirin, beta-blockers and renin-angiotensin blockers, might avert great part of the relapses contributing substantially to the overall incidence of acute coronary syndromes in the general population. However, a treatment gap separates evidence-based recommendations from their daily clinical application, a condition frequently explored even in the Italian medical setting. However, a general overview of the problem is missing i…