Search results for "Preventive"
showing 10 items of 348 documents
Cognitive impairment and stroke in elderly patients.
2016
Daniele Lo Coco,1 Gianluca Lopez,1 Salvatore Corrao,2,31Neurology and Stroke Unit, 2Department of Internal Medicine, National Relevance and High Specialization Hospital Trust ARNAS Civico, Di Cristina, Benfratelli, Palermo, 3Centre of Research for Effectiveness and Appropriateness in Medicine (C.R.E.A.M.), Di.Bi.M.I.S., University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy Abstract: We reviewed current knowledge about the interaction between stroke and vascular risk factors and the development of cognitive impairment and dementia. Stroke is increasingly recognized as an important cause of cognitive problems and has been implicated in the development of both Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Th…
“Sicherungsverwahrung” (preventive detention) in Germany under the scrutiny of the ECHR
2020
The societal challenge how to deal with offenders deemed habitually dangerous, requires to balance needs for security of the general public with the human rights of the potential extreme dangerous offender. The prediction of future heavy crimes can never be precise. Hence, all measures infringing the rights of individuals deemed dangerous are very problematic from a human rights perspective. Germany uses “Sicherungsverwahrung” (preventive detention) to handle this challenge. The concept basically meant that after their prison-sentence, offenders deemed dangerous were kept in prison like conditions until they were not deemed dangerous anymore. The European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) inter…
Antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent local infection in Oral Surgery : use or abuse?
2009
Antibiotics have a well-documented efficacy in the treatment of established infections and as prophylactic agents in medically compromised patients. However, the systematic administration of antibiotics to prevent local infections in fit patients is much more controversial. The aim of this paper is to reflect on the justification for prophylactic usage of antibiotics to prevent wound infection and to reason out the most appropriate antibiotic guidelines taking into account available scientific data and studies by other authors. Numerous clinical trials question the efficacy of antibiotics in preventing wound infection. While some studies establish that antibiotics reduce the incidence of po…
Efectividad de las medidas y estrategias de prevención de úlceras por presión en neonatos
2020
espanolRESUMEN Objetivos: Analizar la efectividad, en terminos de disminucion de la incidencia de ulceras por presion (UPP), de las medidas y estrategias preventivas de UPP en neonatos hospitalizados. Metodo: La recuperacion de estudios se realizo a traves de tres bases de datos (Medline a traves de PubMed, Scopus y Science Direct) y a partir de un experto. Solamente se incluyeron en esta revision los estudios publicados del 2007 al 2017 en espanol o ingles, que de forma directa o indirecta valoraran la efectividad de una medida o estrategia preventiva de UPP en neonatos hospitalizados y que en cuanto al diseno fueran o estudios clinicos controlados o cuasiexperimentales. Resultados: De 100…
Silymarin and Cancer: A Dual Strategy in Both in Chemoprevention and Chemosensitivity
2020
Silymarin extracted from milk thistle consisting of flavonolignan silybin has shown chemopreventive and chemosensitizing activity against various cancers. The present review summarizes the current knowledge on the potential targets of silymarin against various cancers. Silymarin may play on the system of xenobiotics, metabolizing enzymes (phase I and phase II) to protect normal cells against various toxic molecules or to protect against deleterious effects of chemotherapeutic agents on normal cells. Furthermore, silymarin and its main bioactive compounds inhibit organic anion transporters (OAT) and ATP-binding cassettes (ABC) transporters, thus contributing to counteracting potential chemor…
Proposal for a provisional protocol for the care and identification of dental transmission routes of COVID-19 in Latin America : a Literature review
2020
Background The new coronavirus called COVID-19 originated in the city of Wuhan, China and has currently spread to different continents, leading the World Health Organization (WHO) to declare a "pandemic". Therefore, the aim of this review was to present a new proposal for a care protocol in Peruvian Dentistry: Provisional review of the diagnosis, treatment, epidemiological characteristics, routes of transmission and recommendations of COVID-19. Material and methods A search of digital scientific literature was made in the databases: Science Direct, Pubmed and Google Scholar. The Boolean operators AND, OR and NOT: "Covid-19" "Dental" "Routes of transmission. They were included Scientific art…
COVID-19, A new challenge in the dental practice
2021
Background This review was conducted in order to learn the latest information about how to prevent cross-infection of COVID-19 in dentistry. The aim of this study is offer a clinical protocol to reduce the risk of infection of COVID-19 in dental settings. Material and methods We carried out a review based on the PRISMA guide (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). We used the following three databases: PubMed, Embase and Scopus. The search strategy was performed in the three databases applying the search terms "COVID-19 AND dental", "COVID-19 AND dentistry", selecting human studies published from November 2019 to May 2020. English publications regarding COVID-1…
Using an integrated social cognition model to predict COVID‐19 preventive behaviours
2020
ObjectivesRates of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections have rapidly increased worldwide and reached pandemic proportions. A suite of preventive behaviours have been recommended to minimize risk of COVID-19 infection in the general population. The present study utilized an integrated social cognition model to explain COVID-19 preventive behaviours in a sample from the Iranian general population.DesignThe study adopted a three-wave prospective correlational design.MethodsMembers of the general public (N = 1,718, Mage = 33.34, SD = 15.77, male = 796, female = 922) agreed to participate in the study. Participants completed self-report measures of demographic characteristics, i…
In an ideal world who should carry the can for wrongdoing business?
2018
Purpose This paper aims to analyze the main international rules against economic crime and to verify if Italian legislation provides for appropriate measures according to own needs at a national level. Design/methodology/approach The research uses a comparative approach by examining the existing legislations on a global, European and Italian level for finding analogies and differences between them. Findings The research has discovered a wide variation in the legislative interventions against economic crimes and in the kind of imposed sanctions. Nevertheless, there seems to be a trend toward penalties, with a high degree of uniformity between the different levels of protection. Research lim…
Exercise, Sports & Cardiovascular Health: Relevant Questions and Answers
2019
Introduction Currently, it is quite common for a clinical cardiologist to be questioned about exercise and sports, topics that are rarely discussed during formal medical education. In this regard, there is a clear need to access high-quality data and evidence-based information to give patients and family members the best advice. Aiming to present the state-of-the art scientific information on the topic, we have invited several experts from different countries, all of them “knowledge-producers” in exercise and sports cardiology, to contribute [...]