Search results for "Primary Cell Culture"

showing 5 items of 65 documents

Glucocorticoid receptor regulates organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1, SLC22A1) expression via HNF4α upregulation in primary human hepatocytes

2013

Abstract Background Organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1, SLC22A1) is a membrane transporter that is important for therapeutic effect of the antidiabetic drug metformin. Its liver-specific expression in hepatocytes is strongly controlled by hepatocyte nuclear factor-4α (HNF4α). HNF4α expression and transcriptional activity have been demonstrated to be augmented by glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in human hepatocytes and rodent livers. Methods It was examined whether GR activation indirectly induces OCT1 gene expression via HNF4α up-regulation in primary human hepatocytes.We also examined which other transcription factors are involved in OCT1 gene expression and whether they are regulated by dexa…

Time FactorsPrimary Cell CultureTransfectionDexamethasoneReceptors GlucocorticoidGlucocorticoid receptorTransduction GeneticEnhancer bindingCoactivatorGene expressionHumansRNA MessengerGlucocorticoidsTranscription factorPharmacologyRegulation of gene expressionChemistryCCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-betaOrganic Cation Transporter 1Hep G2 CellsGeneral MedicineTransfectionPeroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alphaMolecular biologyUp-RegulationHepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4Cell cultureHepatocytesTranscription FactorsPharmacological Reports
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mTOR Driven Gene Transcription Is Required for Cholesterol Production in Neurons of the Developing Cerebral Cortex

2021

AbstractDysregulated mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activity is associated with various neurodevelopmental disorders ranging from idiopathic autism spectrum disorders to syndromes caused by single gene defects. This suggests that maintaining mTOR activity levels in a physiological range is essential for brain development and functioning. Upon activation, mTOR regulates a variety of cellular processes such as cell growth, autophagy and metabolism. On a molecular level, however, the consequences of mTOR activation in the brain are not well understood.Low levels of cholesterol are associated with a wide variety of neurodevelopmental disorders. We here describe numerous genes of the stero…

Transcription GeneticQH301-705.5Primary Cell CulturemTORC1Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1BiologySREBPCatalysisArticleInorganic ChemistryMiceAutophagyTranscriptional regulationmedicineAnimalsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryBiology (General)Molecular BiologyTranscription factorQD1-999mTORC1SpectroscopyPI3K/AKT/mTOR pathwayCerebral CortexNeuronsSterol Regulatory Element Binding ProteinsCell growthTOR Serine-Threonine KinasesOrganic Chemistrycholesterol ; NF-Y ; neurogenesis ; mTOR ; mTORC1 ; SP1 ; SREBPAutophagyGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalcholesterolGeneral MedicineComputer Science ApplicationsSterol regulatory element-binding proteinCell biologySP1Chemistryneurogenesismedicine.anatomical_structureCCAAT-Binding FactorCerebral cortexmTORNF-YProtein KinasesSignal TransductionInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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The NG2 Proteoglycan Protects Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells against Oxidative Stress via Interaction with OMI/HtrA2.

2015

The NG2 proteoglycan is characteristically expressed by oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPC) and also by aggressive brain tumours highly resistant to chemo- and radiation therapy. Oligodendrocyte-lineage cells are particularly sensitive to stress resulting in cell death in white matter after hypoxic or ischemic insults of premature infants and destruction of OPC in some types of Multiple Sclerosis lesions. Here we show that the NG2 proteoglycan binds OMI/HtrA2, a mitochondrial serine protease which is released from damaged mitochondria into the cytosol in response to stress. In the cytosol, OMI/HtrA2 initiates apoptosis by proteolytic degradation of anti-apoptotic factors. OPC in which NG…

lcsh:MedicineApoptosisdrug effects [Cytosol]HTRA2 protein humangenetics [RNA Small Interfering]genetics [Serine Endopeptidases]genetics [Glioblastoma]570 Life sciencespathology [Glioblastoma]MiceCytosolCerebellumpathology [Cerebellum]RNA Small Interferinglcsh:Sciencemetabolism [Antigens]Mice Knockoutchondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4metabolism [Proteoglycans]Brain NeoplasmsSerine Endopeptidasesdrug effects [Mitochondria]metabolism [Cerebellum]High-Temperature Requirement A Serine Peptidase 2Mitochondriametabolism [Brain Neoplasms]Gene Expression Regulation Neoplasticpharmacology [Antibodies Neutralizing]genetics [Mitochondrial Proteins]Proteoglycans570 BiowissenschaftenResearch ArticleProtein BindingSignal Transductionpathology [Brain Neoplasms]Primary Cell Culturedrug effects [Cerebellum]drug effects [Apoptosis]metabolism [Mitochondrial Proteins]Mitochondrial Proteinsantagonists & inhibitors [Proteoglycans]pharmacology [Hydrogen Peroxide]genetics [Antigens]Cell Line Tumormetabolism [Serine Endopeptidases]AnimalsHumansddc:610metabolism [RNA Small Interfering]Antigenslcsh:RHtra2 protein mouseHydrogen Peroxidemetabolism [Mitochondria]Antibodies Neutralizinggenetics [Proteoglycans]genetics [Brain Neoplasms]Mice Inbred C57BLOxidative Stressnervous systemlcsh:Qmetabolism [Cytosol]Glioblastomametabolism [Glioblastoma]
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Hyperglycemia and oxidative stress in cultured endothelial cells – a comparison of primary endothelial cells with an immortalized endothelial cell li…

2012

Diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease and oxidative stress plays an important role in this process. Therefore, we investigated the effects of hyperglycemia on the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide/cGMP signaling in two different endothelial cell cultures. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and EA.hy 926 cells showed increased oxidative stress and impaired NO-cGMP signaling in response to hyperglycemia. The major difference between the two different cell types was the dramatic decrease in viability in HUVEC whereas EA.hy cells showed rather increased growth under hyperglycemic conditions. Starvation led to…

medicine.medical_specialtyCell typeEndotheliumCell SurvivalEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismPrimary Cell CultureBiologyNitric Oxidemedicine.disease_causeUmbilical veinEndocrinologyInternal medicineHuman Umbilical Vein Endothelial CellsInternal MedicinemedicineHumansEndothelial dysfunctionCyclic GMPCells CulturedCell Line Transformedchemistry.chemical_classificationReactive oxygen speciesCell DeathDose-Response Relationship Drugmedicine.diseaseEndothelial stem cellOxidative StressGlucoseEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryCell cultureHyperglycemiaEndothelium VascularReactive Oxygen SpeciesOxidative stressJournal of Diabetes and its Complications
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Neuronal effects of Sugammadex in combination with Rocuronium or Vecuronium.

2017

Rocuronium (ROC) and Vecuronium (VEC) are the most currently used steroidal non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking (MNB) agents. Sugammadex (SUG) rapidly reverses steroidal NMB agents after anaesthesia. The present study was conducted in order to evaluate neuronal effects of SUG alone and in combination with both ROC and VEC. Using MTT, CASP-3 activity and Western-blot we determined the toxicity of SUG, ROC or VEC in neurons in primary culture. SUG induces apoptosis/necrosis in neurons in primary culture and increases cytochrome C (CytC), apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), Smac/Diablo and Caspase 3 (CASP-3) protein expression. Our results also demonstrated that both ROC and VEC prevent these…

vecuroniumNecrosisEstrès oxidatiuPrimary Cell CulturerocuroniumCaspase 3NeuronesPharmacologySugammadexSugammadex03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicine030202 anesthesiologymedicineAnimalsHumansAndrostanolsRocuroniumCell damageNeuronsVecuronium BromideDose-Response Relationship DrugCaspase 3business.industryapoptosis.Apoptosis Inducing FactorCytochromes c030208 emergency & critical care medicineGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseneuronRatsDrug Combinationsmedicine.anatomical_structureGene Expression RegulationApoptosisToxicityNeuronNeuromuscular Blocking Agentsmedicine.symptombusinessResearch Papergamma-Cyclodextrinsmedicine.drug
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