Search results for "Process Engineering"
showing 10 items of 931 documents
Protection of living yeast cells by micro-organized shells of natural polyelectrolytes
2015
International audience; Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a eukaryotic model organism, plays a key role in the oxidative stability of fermented products. In order to protect cells against environmental stresses, we report a method of modifying the cell surface architecture while maintaining the internal working properties of the system. The objective was to encapsulate living yeast cells in micro-organized polyelectrolyte shells using layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly. For the first time, the natural polyelectrolytes, β-lactoglobulin and sodium alginate, were alternately deposited on the surface of S. cerevisiae. Transmission electron microscopy coupled with immune-cytochemistry and scanning electron m…
The nature of black stains in Lascaux Cave, France, as revealed by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
2012
We used surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy to investigate the chemical composition of the black stains threatening the rock-art paintings of Lascaux Cave, Montignac, France. The stains are mainly composed of melanin from the fungus Ochroconis sp. and the faecal pellets of the collembolan Folsomia candida. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy is a useful technique for revealing the structure of unknown macromolecules in cultural heritage research. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The chemical composition of the black stains threatening the rock-art paintings of Lascaux Cave, Montignac, France was studied using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The stains are mainly composed…
An agile process modelling approach for BIM projects
2016
International audience; In the domain of Building Information Modelling (BIM), the open standardisation of methods for product and process modelling is undertaken by the buildingSMART association. Currently, buildingSMART recommends the use of Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) for creating process models in Information Delivery Manuals (IDMs). This paper argues that BPMN is closely linked to the waterfall nature of today’s BIM projects, leading to a number of issues including long project durations, lack of stakeholder involvement, and disconnect of processes and data. Subject-oriented Business Process Management (S-BPM) is introduced as an alternative modelling approach for IDMs, …
A review of sustainable and intensified techniques for extraction of food and natural products
2020
International audience; This review presents innovative extraction techniques and their role in promoting sustainable ingredients forthe food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. These techniques (such as microwave, ultrasound, pulseelectricfield, instant controlled pressure drop, sub- and super-criticalfluid processing, extrusion, mechano-chemistry, high pressure, and ohmic, UV and IR heating) use or produce less solvent, energy, and hazards.This review will provide the necessary theoretical background and some details about green extractiontechniques, their mechanisms, some applications, and environmental impacts. We will pay special attentionto the strategies and present them as succ…
Application of solar energy to seawater desalination in a pilot system based on vacuum multi-effect membrane distillation
2020
Abstract The evaluation of a novel solar seawater desalination system implemented at the University of Almeria (Spain) is presented. It integrates a solar thermal field based on static collectors and a thermal desalination system based on the vacuum multi-effect membrane distillation technology. The distillation unit has a particular innovation to increase its thermal performance, using a seawater flow to condense the steam and preheat the feed. Experiments were made under different environmental conditions to assess the role of the thermal storage system for minimizing the effect of disturbances in solar radiation. Thermal energy could be delivered at a stable temperature to the distillati…
Microreactor Concepts and Processing
2007
no abstract.
Development of a thermodesorption sensor system for the detection of residual solvents in packaging materials
2004
Application specific sensor systems (formerly electronic noses) use static headspace for the volatile generation from condensed phase samples. This extraction method is very simple to implement, but suffers many drawbacks, i.e. in terms of efficiency or sensitivity to partitioning and is very time-consuming. To circumvent these problems, we developed a new method using dynamic extraction of volatiles (stripping). Although this method is known for GC (gas chromatography), the utilization of direct thermal desorption (DTD) in conjunction with gas sensors is quite novel. The unhandy cold trapping step can be avoided by a software integration of the instantaneous volatile concentration over the…
Mind the gap in the knowledge of the potential food applications of ultrasound based on its mechanism of action
2021
Abstract Ultrasound is recognized as one of the alternative green technologies that are used in food technology over the last decades. It is used for several purposes, such as analysis, preservation, emulsification, crystallization, homogenization, extraction, thawing, filtration, and drying. To achieve these purposes, ultrasound mainly consists of the application of acoustic waves generating mechanical and chemical phenomena that are fundamentally different compared with those applied in conventional methods. The principle of this technology aims to save energy, decreases the processing time, and improves the quality, safety, and shelf life of food products. In this regard, this book chapt…
Real Time Assessment of Potable Water Quality in Distribution Network based on Low Cost Multi-Sensor Array
2018
New concepts and techniques are replacing traditional methods of water quality parameters measurement systems. This paper proposed a new way of potable water quality assessment in distribution network using Multi Sensor Array (MSA). Extensive research suggests that following parameters i.e. pH, Dissolved Oxygen (D.O.), Conductivity, Oxygen Reduction Potential (ORP), Temperature and Salinity are most suitable to detect overall quality of potable water. Commonly MSA is not an integrated sensor array on some substrate, but rather comprises a set of individual sensors measuring simultaneously different water parameters all together. Based on research, a MSA has been developed followed by signal…
Non-invasive analysis of solid samples
2013
Within the Green Analytical Chemistry paradigm, the best alternative for greening the methods of analysis comprises the direct determination of sample composition and/or sample properties without any chemical sample treatment, and, of course, it would be preferable not to have any physical treatment before acquisition of the information desired. In this review, we evaluate the state of the art in, and available alternatives for, analysis of solids without prior sample treatment, starting from the non-invasive quality control of products or processes through to the use of portable instruments for in situ determinations and the development of methods based on image analysis. We evaluate the a…