Search results for "Procédé"
showing 10 items of 15 documents
Integrated membrane bioreactors modelling: A review on new comprehensive modelling framework
2021
International audience; Integrated Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) models, combination of biological and physical models, have been representing powerful tools for the accomplishment of high environmental sustainability. This paper, produced by the International Water Association (IWA) Task Group on Membrane Modelling and Control, reviews the state-of-the-art, identifying gaps for future researches, and proposes a new integrated MBR modelling framework. In particular, the framework aims to guide researchers and managers in pursuing good performances of MBRs in terms of effluent quality, operating costs (such as membrane fouling, energy consumption due to aeration) and mitigation of greenhouse gas…
Antiferromagnetic Interactions in Copper(II) µ-Oxalato Dinuclear Complexes: The Role of the Counterion
2018
We report the preparation, crystal structure determination, magnetic properties and DFT calculations of five oxalato-bridged dicopper(II) complexes of formula [Cu-2(bpy)(2-)(H2O)(2)(C2O4)](CF3SO3)(2) (1), [Cu-2(bpy)(2)(C2O4)](PF6)(2) (2), [Cu-2(bpy)(2)(C2O4)](ClO4)(2) (3), [Cu-2(bpy)(2)Cl-2(C2O4)]center dot H2O (4) and [Cu-2(bpy)(2)(NO2)(2)(C2O4)] (5) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine and C2O42-= oxalate). Compounds 1, 2, 4 and 5 crystallize in the monoclinic system and 3 crystallizes in the triclinic system. The oxalate ligands in 1-5 adopt the bis-bidentate coordination mode and the two bpy molecules act as terminal ligands. The coordination of the counterions and the surroundings of the copper(II) …
Batch fermentation process: Modelling and direct sensitivity analysis
2009
Based on a nonlinear model, this article realizes an investigation of dynamic behaviour of a batch fermentation process using direct sensitivity analysis (DSA). The used nonlinear mathematical model has a good qualitative and quantitative description of the alcoholic fermentation process. This model has been discussed and validated by authors in other studies. The DSA of dynamic model was used to calculate the matrix of the sensitivity functions in order to determine the influence of the small deviations of initial state, control inputs, and parameters from the ideal nominal values on the state trajectory and system output in time. Process optimization and advanced control strategies can be…
Adverse drug reactions in some African herbal medicine: literature review and stakeholders’ interview
2014
International audience; Background: In view of the large consumption of herbal medicine in Africa countries, it is likely that many adverse drugs reactions go unrecorded with either patients failing to present to health services, or no pharmacovigilance analysis being made, or the analysis not being reported centrally. This problem is of interest especially for those who are working in the general area of adverse drug reactions or stakeholders in the domain of herbal medicine for considering safety issues. Methods: We are particularly interested in the way that the use of very wellknown and highly valued plants is linked to the observation of adverse drug reactions in African countries. We …
A fuzzy-logic-based controller for methane production in anaerobic fixed-film reactors
2017
The main objective of this work was to develop a controller for biogas production in continuous anaerobic fixed-bed reactors, which used effluent total volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentration as control input in order to prevent process acidification at closed loop. To this aim, a fuzzy-logic-based control system was developed, tuned and validated in an anaerobic fixed-bed reactor at pilot scale that treated industrial winery wastewater. The proposed controller varied the flow rate of wastewater entering the system as a function of the gaseous outflow rate of methane and VFA concentration. Simulation results show that the proposed controller is capable to achieve great process stability ev…
Optimization and Improvement of a Novel HVOF Process Fueled with Ethanol
2022
The high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) spray has become a process of choice for producing high performance cermet or alloy coatings. Common HVOF thermal spray systems classically use the combustion of gases, such as hydrogen, propane or a liquid fuel such as kerosene. However, there is currently a limited amount of literature on the use of ethanol as a fuel within HVOF processes and the performances of the resulting coatings are not well documented. Ethanol benefits from environmentally friendly features and is less polluting compared to conventional fossil liquid fuels (i.e. kerosene) as its combustion generates less nitrogen oxides and soot particles. In this work, we decide to investigate suc…
Lignes et points : Illustration, impressionnisme littéraire et procédés
2020
International audience; Cette conférence a porté de manière générale sur les rapports entre illustration et procédés de reproduction. Elle est plus précisément consacrée à l’utilisation de la photogravure dans le livre illustré britannique de la fin du 19ème siècle. L’exemple choisi est le recueil d’essais London Impressions (Constable, 1898) d’Alice Meynell, illustré par l’artiste britannique William Hyde. Peintre et aquafortiste, Hyde collaborait avec l’inventeur écossais Donald Cameron-Swan (1863-1951) de la Swan Electric Engraving Company, spécialisée dans le cliché trait comme dans le cliché simili. À la croisée de pratiques autographiques et d’opérations mécaniques, la photogravure al…
3D Ruthenium Nanoparticle Covalent Assemblies from Polymantane Ligands for Confined Catalysis
2020
International audience; The synthesis of metal nanoparticle (NP) assemblies stabilized by functional molecules is an important research topic in nanoscience, and the ability to control interparticle distances and positions in NP assemblies is one of the major challenges in designing and understanding functional nanostructures. Here, two series of functionalized adamantanes, bis-adamantanes, and diamantanes, bearing carboxylic acid or amine functional groups, were used as building blocks to produce, via a straightforward method, networks of ruthenium NPs. Both the nature of the ligand and the Ru/ligand ratio affect the interparticle distance in the assemblies. The use of 1,3-adamantanedicarb…
Generation and characterization of T40/A5754 interfaces with lasers
2014
Laser-induced reactive wetting and brazing of T40 titanium with A5754 aluminum alloy with 1.5 mm thickness was carried out in lap-joint configuration, with or without the use of Al5Si filler wire. A 2.4 mm diameter laser spot was positioned on the aluminum side to provoke spreading and wetting of the lower titanium sheet, with relatively low scanning speeds (0.1 to 0.6 m/min). Process conditions did not play a very significant role on mechanical strengths, which were shown to reach 250-300 N/mm on a large range of laser power and scanning speeds. In all cases considered, the fracture during tensile testing occurred next to the TiAl3 interface, but in the aluminum fusion zone. In a second st…
Study of the microstructure and efficiency of YSZ-SPS finely structured ceramic coatings
2018
Thanks to the using of liquid carrier, suspension plasma spray (SPS) enables the manufacture of finely structured coatings. As for conventional plasma spraying (APS), the microstructures of SPS coatings can be tailored by controlling the spray conditions. However, SPS is more complicated than APS due to its number of modifiable parameters.This thesis aims to provide a more fundamental understanding of the relationship between SPS process parameters and the properties of YSZ coatings by identifying generic models based on the use of mathematical statistical methods for the study of influence and sensitivity of the individual parameters.Systematic experiments were carried out to study the inf…