Search results for "Production"

Effect of Production Phase on Bottle-Fermented Sparkling Wine Quality

2015

This review analyzes bottle-fermented sparkling wine research at each stage of production by evaluating existing knowledge to identify areas that require future investigation. With the growing importance of enological investigation being focused on the needs of the wine production industry, this review examines current research at each stage of bottle-fermented sparkling wine production. Production phases analyzed in this review include pressing, juice adjustments, malolactic fermentation (MLF), stabilization, clarification, tirage, lees aging, disgorging, and dosage. The aim of this review is to identify enological factors that affect bottle-fermented sparkling wine quality, predominantly …

Theme 4: Immobilized Cell Technology in Wine Production

1994

AbstractIn spite of its traditional nature, wine making is largely concerned with the progress of biotechnology. High cell density reactors have potential for enology: improved performance of alcoholic and malolactic fermentations, smaller scale fermentation facilities, adaptation to continuous processes. Among the immobilization techniques, cell entrapment in alginate beads seems to be an impressive one. Alcoholic fermentation of wine, malolactic fermentation, bottle fermentation known as “Methode champenoise” and sparkling wine are among the industrial applications. Knowledge of kinetics and physiology in microorganisms in heterogeneous media has expanded in the last few years. The use of…

Immobilisation of yeasts on oak chips or cellulose powder for use in bottle-fermented sparkling wine

2019

[EN] Sparkling wine production comprises two successive fermentations performed by Sacharomyces cerevisiae strains. This research aimed to: develop yeast immobilisation processes on two wine-compatible supports; study the effects of yeast type (IOC 18-2007 and 55A) and the immobilisation support type (oak chips and cellulose powder) on the fermentation kinetics, the deposition rate of lees and the volatile composition of the finished sparkling wine; compare the fermentation parameters of the wines inoculated with immobilised or non-immobilised cells. Proper immobilisation of yeast on oak chips and cellulose powder was demonstrated by electron microscopy. Total sugar consumption occurred in …

Speciation in monogonont rotifers

1997

Monogonont rotifers are cyclical parthenogens livingin limnic habitats with considerable seasonalvariation and often with island-like features. Theoccurrence of bisexual reproduction in these organismsmakes it feasible to define ’fields for generecombination‘, i.e. biological species. In thispaper, we analyze the structure of the diversity inmonogonont rotifers using several data sets: taxonomicand intraspecific diversity as reported inidentification keys, morphological variation reportedin ecological studies, and allozyme and matingbehavior patterns. Our analysis suggests that siblingspecies may be frequent in rotifers. Monogonontrotifers seem to meet conditions for an activespeciation, wh…

Varied response of underground and aboveground plant matter: functional diversity of three different vegetational types after translocation to reclai…

2019

The indicators of functional diversity are increasingly used to assess the conservation effectiveness of the most valuable habitats. However, little is known about the response of functional traits, their diversity, and divergence in plant communities after translocation. To assess how functional diversity changes on dry heath, meadow, and fen after translocation of entire turfs of vegetation from an airport area to the Botanical Garden in Radzionkow, we used leaf–height–seed (LHS) traits (specific leaf area, height, and seed mass) and vegetative traits (bud bank size, bud bank depth, and lateral spread). We also measured community weighted means and multifunctional diversity metrics (funct…

An Experimental Study of Lexical Access in the Writing and Naming of Isolated Words

1998

Unlike speech production, lexical access in written production has not systematically been investigated experimentally. Four experiments were run on literate adults to support the view that although the spoken and written language production systems may obviously share some processing levels, they also both have some specific processing components. The general findings provide evidence for such a view and are discussed in the framework of studies in verbal production conducted on normals and on braindamaged patients. Contrairement a la production verbale orale, l'acces lexical en production verbale ecrite n'a pas ete etudie experimentalement de facon systematique. Quatre experiences ont ete…

Relationship between speech perception and production skills and morphosyntactic development in Spanish-speaking children with Speech Sound Disorders

2021

La investigación sobre el desarrollo gramatical y su posible relación con los déficits de procesamiento de habla en niños con Trastorno Fonológico (TF) es escasa, especialmente para la lengua española. El objetivo es analizar la influencia de las habilidades de percepción y producción de habla en el desarrollo morfosintáctico de los niños con TF sin Trastorno del Lenguaje (TL). Participaron 52 niños de habla española de 4 a 6 años: 26 con TF y 26 con desarrollo típico (DT) emparejados en edad cronológica, cociente de inteligencia no verbal y nivel de vocabulario receptivo. El desarrollo morfosintáctico se evaluó con el test de lenguaje CELF-Preschool-2-Spanish. Los niños realizaron una tare…

A failure of high level verbal response selection in progressive dynamic aphasia.

2005

Different theoretical interpretations have been offered in order to account for a specific language impairment termed dynamic aphasia. We report a patient (CH) who presented with a dynamic aphasia in the context of nonfluent progressive aphasia. CH had the hallmark of reduced spontaneous speech in the context of preserved naming, reading, and single word repetition and comprehension. Articulatory and grammatical difficulties were also present. CH had a very severe verbal generation impairment despite being able to describe pictorial scenes and action sequences well. In the experimental investigations CH was severely impaired in word, phrase, and sentence generation tasks when many competing…

2019

The development of phonological awareness, the knowledge of the structural combinatoriality of a language, has been widely investigated in relation to reading (dis)ability across languages. However, the extent to which knowledge of phonemic units may interact with spoken language organization in (transparent) alphabetical languages has hardly been investigated. The present study examined whether phonemic awareness correlates with coarticulation degree, commonly used as a metric for estimating the size of children's production units. A speech production task was designed to test for developmental differences in intra-syllabic coarticulation degree in 41 German children from 4 to 7 years of a…

Yleisten kielitutkintojen arvioijien käsityksiä thainkieliseksi tunnistettujen suomenoppijoiden suullisesta kielitaidosta

2020

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan sitä, miten thainkielisten suomenoppijoiden (N=10) ensikielen tunnistaminen vaikuttaa Yleisten kielitutkintojen (YKI) suomen arvioijien (N=44) käsityksiin kielitaidosta ja millaisia käsityksiä arvioijilla on thainkielisten suullisesta kielitaidosta. Artikkelin aineisto liittyy Rikkinäistä suomea-hankkeeseen, jossa thainkieliset oli yksi tutkimukseen osallistuneesta ensikielen ryhmittymästä. Artikkelissa määrällisen aineiston avulla tarkastellaan tunnistamista ja arvioinnissa käytettyjen kuuden analyyttisen arviointikriteerin käyttöä. Laadullinen aineisto koostuu arvioijien kirjoittamista ensikielen tunnistamiseen ja oppijoiden kielitaitoon liittyvistä huomioista, …