Search results for "Production"
showing 10 items of 7600 documents
Functional ecology for evaluating and predicting the aptitude of permanent grassland to provide services
2013
National audience; Applying the principles of functional ecology helps better predict the services which can be provided by permanent grassland. Farming practices and environmental characteristics influence the functional composition of grassland. Functional plant types have a generic effect on forage services which can be assessed. 13 types of grassland composed of distinct functional types were defined based on 1,283 sample grassland fields located on 8 sites. This approach was validated by checking 8 Ellenberg indicator values (used to evaluate environmental characteristics and farming practices) against climatic data and descriptive data for farming practices. The interest of a function…
L’industrie cinématographique roumaine au service de la nation. Les enjeux de la production des films sur l’antiquité durant la période communiste
2012
International audience; L’objet d’analyse de cette étude est la production des films traitant l’antiquité et réalisés en Roumanie pendant le régime communiste. Il s’agit plus précisément de trois fi lms : Les Daces (1965, Sergiu Nicolaescu), La Colonne (1968, Mircea Drăgan) et Burebista (1980, Gheorghe Vitanidis). Leur production témoigne des conditions politiques, idéologiques et économiques qui ont marqué le processus de reconstitution historique. Cet article tente de retracer le cheminement décisionnel dans la production de ces fi lms, les objectifs des cinéastes et des autres professionnels du cinéma, le rôle du pouvoir politique dans leur évolution de 1960 jusqu’en 1970.
Sur l’ontologie de Marx. Auto-production, travail aliéné et capital
2014
International audience
The two-photon decay of X(6900) from light-by-light scattering at the LHC
2022
The LHCb Collaboration has recently discovered a structure around 6.9 GeV in the double-$J/\psi$ mass distribution, possibly a first fully-charmed tetraquark state $X(6900)$. Based on vector-meson dominance (VMD) such a state should have a significant branching ratio for decaying into two photons. We show that the recorded LHC data for the light-by-light scattering may indeed accommodate for such a state, with a $\gamma \gamma$ branching ratio of order of $10^{-4}$, which is larger even than the value inferred by the VMD. The spin-parity assignment $0^{-+}$ is in better agreement with the VMD prediction than $0^{++}$, albeit not significantly at the current precision. Further light-by-light…
Les impacts du campagnol terrestre sur les systèmes fourragers : le cas de l’élevage bovin allaitant en Bourgogne
2014
EAAgroSupECOLDUR; Do vole outbreaks have the same effects on suckler beef farms in Burgundy as they do on daily farms in Auvergne and Franche-Comte? Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 19 farmers from Burgundy who had been affected by a water vole outbreak in 2011. The results indicate that, just like farmers in Auvergne and Franche-Comte, farmers in Burgundy witnessed a decrease in forage quantity and quality. Farmers used diverse measures to deal with the outbreak (e.g., avoidance strategies or the use of bromadiolone). Farmers that described water voles as pests were more likely to have used bromadiolone, while those who described water voles in morphological terms or in ter…
Reduced herbicide use does not increase crop yield loss if it is compensated by alternative preventive and curative measures
2018
Herbicide use must be reduced because of environmental and health issues. This raises the question of whether weeds and the resulting crop yield loss will increase. Previous studies analysing relationships between herbicide use intensity, weeds and yield loss suffer from methodological shortcomings in terms of weed flora and farm diversity as well as temporal scales. Here, we collected data on 272 arable cropping systems from one Spanish and six French regions, from farm surveys, the Biovigilance-Flore network, expert opinion, cropping system trials, crop advisors and scientists. Each system was simulated over 27 years and with 10 weather repetitions, using the virtual-field model FlorSys. …
Global sea-to-air flux climatology for bromoform, dibromomethane and methyl iodide
2013
Volatile halogenated organic compounds containing bromine and iodine, which are naturally produced in the ocean, are involved in ozone depletion in both the troposphere and stratosphere. Three prominent compounds transporting large amounts of marine halogens into the atmosphere are bromoform (CHBr3), dibromomethane (CH2Br2) and methyl iodide (CH3I). The input of marine halogens to the stratosphere has been estimated from observations and modelling studies using low-resolution oceanic emission scenarios derived from top-down approaches. In order to improve emission inventory estimates, we calculate data-based high resolution global sea-to-air flux estimates of these compounds from surface ob…
Nouveaux concepts de gestion des bioagresseurs du sol par approche conservatoire de leur biodiversité
2011
Review of factors influencing the success or failure of biocontrol: technical, industrial and socio-economic perspectives
2010
Communication orale au 11. IOBC-WPRS Meeting of the working group "Biological control of fungal and bacterial plant pathogens". Climate change: challenge or threat to biocontrol?, 2010/06/07-11 ; Graz (AUT).; International audience; Although their role in plant health management is still quite modest, ever increasing expectations are placed on biocontrol agents for the complementation or replacement of pesticide use. Despite decades of research and more than 12,000 scientific papers on biological control of plant diseases, little more than 14 microbe-based commercial products are presently registered for use against diseases in the European Union. Through a review of published scientific li…
Androgenesis and doubled-haploid production in food legumes
2011
International audience