Search results for "Profiling"
showing 10 items of 881 documents
Changes in gene expression linked with adult reproductive diapause in a northern malt fly species: a candidate gene microarray study
2010
Abstract Background Insect diapause is an important biological process which involves many life-history parameters important for survival and reproductive fitness at both individual and population level. Drosophila montana, a species of D. virilis group, has a profound photoperiodic reproductive diapause that enables the adult flies to survive through the harsh winter conditions of high latitudes and altitudes. We created a custom-made microarray for D. montana with 101 genes known to affect traits important in diapause, photoperiodism, reproductive behaviour, circadian clock and stress tolerance in model Drosophila species. This array gave us a chance to filter out genes showing expression…
FISH and CHIPs: Colorful Clues to Radiation-Induced Chromosomal Instability
2004
Radiation produces a variety of clonal and non-clonal chromosome aberrations that can be characterized by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Epigenetic changes affecting the expression of an essential DNA repair gene(s) may be an importantant mechanism for radiation-induced chromosomal instability. Expression profiling with specialized cDNA chips promises to identify candidate genes for the delayed effects of radiation and to provide new insights into the manifold and complex cellular responses to DNA damage. Much progress can be made by using FISH and CHIPs to study the mechanisms and biological consequences of ionizing radiation.
Gene expression profile induced by ovariectomy in bone marrow of mice: a functional approach to identify new candidate genes associated to osteoporos…
2013
Osteoporosis is a multifactorial skeletal pathology with a main genetic component. To date, however, the majority of genes associated with this pathology remain unknown since genes cataloged to date only explain a part of the heritability of bone phenotypes. In the present study, we have used a genome-wide gene expression approach by means of microarrays to identify new candidate genes involved in the physiopathology of osteoporosis, using as a model the ovariectomized (OVX) mice by comparing global bone marrow gene expression of the OVX mice with those of SHAM operated mice. One hundred and eighty transcripts were found to be differentially expressed between groups. The analysis showed 23 …
Human Embryonic Stem Cell Derived Hepatocyte-Like Cells as a Tool for In Vitro Hazard Assessment of Chemical Carcinogenicity
2011
Hepatocyte-like cells derived from the differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hES-Hep) have potential to provide a human relevant in vitro test system in which to evaluate the carcinogenic hazard of chemicals. In this study, we have investigated this potential using a panel of 15 chemicals classified as noncarcinogens, genotoxic carcinogens, and nongenotoxic carcinogens and measured whole-genome transcriptome responses with gene expression microarrays. We applied an ANOVA model that identified 592 genes highly discriminative for the panel of chemicals. Supervised classification with these genes achieved a cross-validation accuracy of > 95%. Moreover, the expression of the response g…
miR-133a Enhances the Protective Capacity of Cardiac Progenitors Cells after Myocardial Infarction
2014
Summary miR-133a and miR-1 are known as muscle-specific microRNAs that are involved in cardiac development and pathophysiology. We have shown that both miR-1 and miR-133a are early and progressively upregulated during in vitro cardiac differentiation of adult cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs), but only miR-133a expression was enhanced under in vitro oxidative stress. miR-1 was demonstrated to favor differentiation of CPCs, whereas miR-133a overexpression protected CPCs against cell death, targeting, among others, the proapoptotic genes Bim and Bmf. miR-133a-CPCs clearly improved cardiac function in a rat myocardial infarction model by reducing fibrosis and hypertrophy and increasing vasculari…
Doxorubicin induces wide-spread transcriptional changes in the myocardium of hearts distinguishing between mice with preserved and impaired cardiac f…
2021
Abstract Aims Doxorubicin (DOX) is an important drug for the treatment of various tumor entities. However, the occurrence of heart failure limits its application. This study investigated differential gene expression profiles in the left and right ventricles of DOX treated mice with either preserved or impaired myocardial function. We provide new mechanistic insights into the pathophysiology of DOX-induced heart failure and have discovered pathways that counteract DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Main methods We used in total 48 male mice and applied a chronic low dose DOX administration (5 mg/kg per injection, in total 20 mg/kg over 4 weeks) to induce heart failure. Echocardiographic parameters …
Altered expression of inflammation-related genes in human carotid atherosclerotic plaques.
2011
Abstract Objective Inflammation is a pivotal process in atherosclerosis development and progression, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely obscure. We have conducted an extensive expression study of atherosclerotic plaques to identify the inflammatory pathways involved in atherosclerosis. Methods We studied 11 human carotid plaques, their respective adjacent regions and 7 control arteries from different subjects. Expression of 92 genes was studied by TaqMan low-density array human inflammation panel. Human aortic endothelial and smooth muscle cells were used for in vitro experiments. Results The mRNA levels of 44/92 genes (48%) differed significantly between the tissues exa…
Inducing Cold-Sensitivity in the Frigophilic Fly Drosophila montana by RNAi.
2016
Cold acclimation is a critical physiological adaptation for coping with seasonal cold. By increasing their cold tolerance individuals can remain active for longer at the onset of winter and can recover more quickly from a cold shock. In insects, despite many physiological studies, little is known about the genetic basis of cold acclimation. Recently, transcriptomic analyses in Drosophila virilis and D. montana revealed candidate genes for cold acclimation by identifying genes upregulated during exposure to cold. Here, we test the role of myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase (Inos), in cold tolerance in D. montana using an RNAi approach. D. montana has a circumpolar distribution and overwinters…
Cloning of a rat-specific long PCP4/PEP19 isoform
2007
We report the identification of a cDNA that encodes a putative protein of 94 amino acids and expected molecular weight of 10.7 kDa, the C-terminal half of which is identical to that of PEP19, a small, brain-specific protein involved in Ca++/calmodulin signaling. The novel rat-specific protein, tentatively named long PEP19 isoform (LPI), is the product of alternative splicing of the rat PCP4 gene encoding PEP19. We found that antibodies raised against the first 13 N-terminal amino acids of LPI, not present in PEP19, recognize a protein enriched in the developing rat brain.
In vitro impact preliminary assessment of airborne particulate from metalworking and woodworking industries.
2020
Abstract BackgroundInhalation is the main route of exposure to airborne pollutants. To evaluate the safety and assess the risks of occupational hazards different testing approaches are used. 3D airway epithelial tissues allow to mimic exposure conditions in vitro, generates human-relevant toxicology data, allows to elucidate mode of action of pollutants. ResultsGilian 3500 pumps equipped with Standard Midget Impingers were used to collect the airborne particulate from woodworking and metalworking environments. EpiAirway™ tissues were used to model half working day (4 h), full working day (8 h), and 3 working day exposures to occupational pollutants. Tissue viability was assessed using MTT a…