Search results for "Progenitor"

The Ontogeny of Monocyte Subsets

2019

Classical and non-classical monocytes, and the macrophages and monocyte-derived dendritic cells they produce, play key roles in host defense against pathogens, immune regulation, tissue repair and many other processes throughout the body. Recent studies have revealed previously unappreciated heterogeneity among monocytes that may explain this functional diversity, but our understanding of mechanisms controlling the functional programming of distinct monocyte subsets remains incomplete. Resolving monocyte heterogeneity and understanding how their functional identity is determined holds great promise for therapeutic immune modulation. In this review, we examine how monocyte origins and develo…

2017

AbstractThe development of a successful lineage reprogramming strategy of liver to pancreas holds promises for the treatment and potential cure of diabetes. The liver is an ideal tissue source for generating pancreatic cells, because of its close developmental origin with the pancreas and its regenerative ability. Yet, the molecular bases of hepatic and pancreatic cellular plasticity are still poorly understood. Here, we report that the TALE homeoprotein TGIF2 acts as a developmental regulator of the pancreas versus liver fate decision and is sufficient to elicit liver-to-pancreas fate conversion both ex vivo and in vivo. Hepatocytes expressing Tgif2 undergo extensive transcriptional remode…

2019

Background/aims Skeletal muscle injuries are the most common type of injury occurring in sports, and investigating skeletal muscle regeneration as well as understanding the related processes is an important aspect of the sports medicine field. The process of regeneration appears to be complex and precisely orchestrated, involving fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) which are a muscle-resident stem cell population that appears to play a major role in abnormal development of fibrotic tissue or intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT). Our present study aims to investigate whether muscle resting or endurance exercise following muscle injury may change the behavior of FAPs and subsequently impact th…

PRR signaling during in vitro macrophage differentiation from progenitors modulates their subsequent response to inflammatory stimuli.

2017

Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists drive hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) to differentiate along the myeloid lineage in vitro and also in vivo following infection. In this study, we used an in vitro model of HSPC differentiation to investigate the functional consequences (cytokine production) that exposing HSPCs to various pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and Candida albicans cells have on the subsequently derived macrophages. Mouse HSPCs (Lin- cells) were cultured with GM-CSF to induce macrophage differentiation in the presence or absence of the following pattern recognition receptor (PRR) agonists: Pam3CSK4 (TLR2 ligand), LPS (TLR4 ligand), depleted zymosan (wh…

Leukemia-associated activating mutation of Flt3 expands dendritic cells and alters T cell responses

2016

Lau et al. show that the FLT3-ITD mutation directly affects dendritic cell development in preleukemic mice, indirectly modulating T cell homeostasis and supporting the expansion of regulatory T cells.

Organotypic Epigenetic Signature Predicts Bone and Marrow Niche Forming Capacity of Stromal Progenitors in a Novel Mouse Model in Vivo.

2012

Abstract Abstract 2987 Mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSPCs) from numerous tissues are currently tested in clinical trials despite a limited understanding of their in vivo behavior. In this study we used MSPCs from adult and fetal tissues to select the appropriate source for clinical application. We asked whether MSPCs derived from human bone marrow (BM), white adipose tissue (WAT) and umbilical cord (UC), compared to skin fibroblasts, bear an equivalent bone and marrow niche formation potential with of in vivo. Furthermore we evaluated attraction and engraftment of murine as well as human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) into newly formed MSPC-derived niches. To elucidate po…

Alternative NF-κB signaling regulates mTEC differentiation from podoplanin-expressing precursors in the cortico-medullary junction

2015

The thymic epithelium forms specialized niches to enable thymocyte differentiation. While the common epithelial progenitor of medullary and cortical thymic epithelial cells (mTECs and cTECs) is well defined, early stages of mTEC lineage specification have remained elusive. Here, we utilized in vivo targeting of mTECs to resolve their differentiation pathways and to determine whether mTEC progenitors participate in thymocyte education. We found that mTECs descend from a lineage committed, podoplanin (PDPN)-expressing progenitor located at the cortico-medullary junction. PDPN(+) junctional TECs (jTECs) represent a distinct TEC population that builds the thymic medulla, but only partially supp…

La incidencia de las malas relaciones entre los progenitores a la hora de acordar el régimen de guarda y custodia compartida. Análisis de la reciente…

2018

The relationship that the parents have with each other is one of the factors to take into consideration when adopting or not the modality of shared custody and custody after a situation of family crisis. To deny the shared modality if there was no good relationship between the parents was the rule until relatively recent dates. With the entry into force of local laws as well as the change in jurisprudence, the tendency that remains is to consider that it will no longer be enough that there is this bad relationship but will have to be a situation of high confrontation so that this situation may be grounds for denial of the shared custody regime.

Regulation of cohabitation between progenitors and minors: general rule and exception in the Valencian act

2014

El artículo analiza la Ley 5/2011, de 5 de abril, que introduce, entre otras importantes modificaciones, un nuevo modelo de custodia, la llamada custodia compartida. The paper analyzes the 5/2011 Act, April 5th, that includes, among its main amendments, a new model of custody, named shared custody.

Infección Activa por el Citomegalovirus (CMV) en el trasplante alogénico de precursores hematopoyéticos:Investigación de nuevos factores biológicos p…

2016

Citomegalovirus (CMV) es causa frecuente de morbididad y mortalidad en el marco del trasplante alogénico de precursores hematopoyéticos (alo-TPH). CMV puede ocasionar enfermedad orgánica o tisular (neumonía intersticial o enfermedad gastrointestinal, con mayor frecuencia), en virtud de su “citopatogenicidad” . CMV también puede causar morbididad a través de mecanismos indirectos, relacionados con su capacidad inmunosupresora y pro-inflamatoria; en ese contexto, CMV parece incrementar el riesgo de “superinfección” bacteriana y fúngica y de la enfermedad injerto contra huésped (EICH). La reactivación de la infección crónica persistente por el CMV es un suceso frecuente en el paciente alo-TPH.…