Search results for "Programmation"

Carbon sequestration in French agricultural soils: A spatial economic evaluation

2021

International audience; Soil organic carbon sequestration measures entail costs to farmers with different individual characteristics and located in different areas. A cost‐effective analysis taking into account these heterogeneities is crucial for developing effective public policy aimed at increasing carbon sequestration. We undertake such an analysis focusing on three soil organic carbon sequestration measures: no‐till, extension of temporary grasslands, and hedgerows. Through an optimization model applied to France, our results show that only extension of temporary grasslands can store carbon at low cost, though their potential for carbon sequestration is also low. For an ambitious carbo…

Modelling agricultural risk in a large scale positive mathematical programming model

2020

International audience; Mathematical programming has been extensively used to account for risk in farmers' decision making. The recent development of the positive mathematical programming (PMP) has renewed the need to incorporate risk in a more robust and flexible way. Most of the existing PMP-risk models have been tested at farm-type level and for a very limited sample of farms. This paper presents and tests a novel methodology for modelling risk at individual farm level in a large scale model, called individual farm model for common agricultural policy analysis (IFM-CAP). Results show a clear trade-off between including and excluding the risk specification. Albeit both alternatives provid…

Bilan 1994-2004 pour une programmation scientifique interrégionale. Le programme 13 : “ Processus de l'évolution du Néolithique à l'âge du Bronze ”, …

2006

Document de travail; Bilan des activités archéologiques concernant le programme 13 "Processus de l'évolution du Néolithique à l'âge du Bronze" en région Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, de 1994 à 2004, pour servir à la réalisation de la future programmation interrégionale de l'archéologie.

Programmation linéaire et planification de l'éducation

1974

International audience

Programmation linéaire multiobjectif : un résumé

1988

Le but de ce document de travail est de présenter les différents concepts utilisés en programmation linéaire multiobjectif en précisant les types de décision qu'il est possible de prendre, les choix des partenaires et les methodes qu'il convient de choisir pour résoudre de tels problèmes.Par la suite le problème général est posé et différentes méthodes de résolution sont proposées. Nous insisterons principalement sur les méthodes interactives en déterminant leurs assises théoriques et en essayant de préciser les méthodes de résolution et en donnant des comparaisons entre celles-ci, pour terminer par l'introduction de la programmation dynamique.

Planning the edition of the book of territorial intelligence

2014

Arrangements de cercles sur une sphère: Algorithmes et Applications aux modèles moléculaires representés par une union de boules

2008

Since the early work of Richard et al., geometric constructions havebeen paramount for the description of macromolecules and macro-molecularassemblies. In particular, Voronoï and related constructions have beenused to describe the packing properties of atoms, to compute molecularsurfaces, to find cavities. This thesis falls in this realm, andafter a brief introduction to protein structure, makes fourcontributions.First, using the sweep line paradigm of Bentley and Ottmann, wepresent the first effective algorithm able to construct the exactarrangement of circles on a sphere. Moreover, assuming the circlesstem from the intersection between spheres, we present a strategy to reportthe covering …

Prise de décision dynamique dans la sélection des maintenances des tournées de techniciens

2022

Échantillonnage adaptatif optimal dans les champs de Markov, application à l’échantillonnage d’une espèce adventice

2012

This work is divided into two parts: (i) the theoretical study of the problem of adaptive sampling in Markov Random Fields (MRF) and (ii) the modeling of the problem of weed sampling in a crop field and the design of adaptive sampling strategies for this problem. For the first point, we first modeled the problem of finding an optimal sampling strategy as a finite horizon Markov Decision Process (MDP). Then, we proposed a generic algorithm for computing an approximate solution to any finite horizon MDP with known model. This algorithm, called Least-Squared Dynamic Programming (LSDP), combines the concepts of dynamic programming and reinforcement learning. It was then adapted to compute adapt…

Evaluation ex ante des conséquences de l'adoption de la production intégrée en grandes cultures à l'échelle de la Bourgogne

2015

The agriculture in France is under intense pressure. Farmers are asked to change their crop management, to evolve toward agroecology, to follow the principles of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and to reduce pesticide use. However such an evolution toward an alternative agricultural model will be possible only if innovative cropping systems are able to maintain competitive and profitable farms.The aim of our work is to contribute to the debates about this issue, by evaluating ex ante the potential consequences of adopting the principles of IPM over one whole agricultural region, taking into account the diversity of production situations within this region. We considered the Burgundy region…