Search results for "Programmed cell death"
showing 10 items of 609 documents
Cytotoxic effects of oxysterols associated with human diseases: Induction of cell death (apoptosis and/or oncosis), oxidative and inflammatory activi…
2009
Oxysterols resulting from spontaneous or enzymatic oxidation of cholesterol are present in numerous foodstuffs and have been identified at increased levels in the plasma and the vascular walls of patients with cardiovascular diseases, especially in atherosclerotic lesions. Consequently, their role in lipid disorders is widely suspected, but they may also contribute to the development of important degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, osteoporosis, age-related macular degeneration, and cataract. Since these pathologies can be associated with the presence of apoptotic cells, oxidative and inflammatory processes, and lipid disorders, the ab…
Control of Programmed Cell Death by Distinct Electrical Activity Patterns
2010
Electrical activity and sufficient supply with survival factors play a major role in the control of apoptosis in the developing cortex. Coherent high-frequency neuronal activity, which efficiently releases neurotrophins, is essential for the survival of immature neurons. We studied the influence of neuronal activity on apoptosis in the developing cortex. Dissociated cultures of the newborn mouse cerebral cortex were grown on multielectrode arrays to determine the activity patterns that promote neuronal survival. Cultures were transfected with a plasmid coding for a caspase-3-sensitive fluorescent protein allowing real-time analysis of caspase-3-dependent apoptosis in individual neurons. Ele…
Temporospatial expression of HSP72 and c-JUN, and DNA fragmentation in goat hippocampus after global cerebral ischemia
2001
The role of gene induction (expression of HSP72 and c-JUN proteins) and delayed ischemic cell death (in situ labeling of DNA fragmentation) have been investigated in the goat hippocampus after transient global cerebral ischemia. The animals were subjected to 20-min ischemia (bilateral occlusion of the external carotid arteries plus bilateral jugular vein compression) and allowed to reperfuse for 2 h, and then 1, 3, and 7 days. Histological signs of cell loss were not found in the hippocampus at 2 h, 1 day, or 3 days of reperfusion. However, such an ischemic insult produced extensive, selective, and delayed degeneration in the hippocampus, as 68% of the neurons in CA1 had died at 7 days, but…
Resveratrol metabolites inhibit human metastatic colon cancer cells progression and synergize with chemotherapeutic drugs to induce cell death.
2012
Scope Resveratrol (RSV) has been proposed to prevent tumor growth; nevertheless, these preventive effects are controversial since RSV pharmacokinetics studies show a low bioavailability. Recent clinical trials show that patients with colorectal cancer and receiving oral RSV have high levels of RSV conjugates in the colorectum, mainly RSV-3-O-sulfate (R3S), RSV-3-O-glucuronide, and RSV-4′-O-glucuronide. However, their potential biological activity has not yet been established. This study thus investigated in human colorectal cancer cell lines whether RSV main metabolites retain anticarcinogenic properties as their parental molecule. Methods and results Proliferation, apoptosis assays and cel…
Early stage diagnosis of programmed cell death (apoptosis) using electroanalysis: Nanomaterial and methods overview
2017
Timely monitoring of apoptosis can effectively assist early diagnosis of related diseases and continuous evaluation of the efficacy of drugs. Therefore, developing advanced methods for apoptosis evaluation has attracted more and more attention. In addition, the increased demand for understanding the early stages of apoptosis is pushing the envelope for solutions in early instance real-time monitoring of death kinetics. In this review, various types of electro-analytical methods for detection of apoptosis were discussed. The emphasis is placed in diagnosis of apoptosis based on cyto-, immune-, geno-, apta-, and peptide based biosensing strategies. In the first part of review, various electro…
Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid induced cell death in human colon cancer cells through reactive oxygen species-mediated ER stress
2013
Dietary conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) are fatty acid isomers with anticancer activities produced naturally in ruminants or from vegetable oil processing. The anticancer effects of CLA differ upon the cancer origin and the CLA isomers. In this study, we carried out to precise the effects of CLA isomers, c9,t11 and t10,c12 CLA, on mechanisms of cell death induction in colon cancer cells. We first showed that only t10,c12 CLA treatment (25 and 50μM) for 72h triggered apoptosis in colon cancer cells without affecting viability of normal-derived colon epithelial cells. Exposure of colon cancer cells to t10,c12 CLA activated ER stress characterized by induction of eIF2α phoshorylation, splicing…
DNA damage-induced cell death by apoptosis
2006
Following the induction of DNA damage, a prominent route of cell inactivation is apoptosis. During the last ten years, specific DNA lesions that trigger apoptosis have been identified. These include O6-methylguanine, base N-alkylations, bulky DNA adducts, DNA cross-links and DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Repair of these lesions are important in preventing apoptosis. An exception is O6-methylguanine-thymine lesions, which require mismatch repair for triggering apoptosis. Apoptosis induced by many chemical genotoxins is the consequence of blockage of DNA replication, which leads to collapse of replication forks and DSB formation. These DSBs are thought to be crucial downstream apoptosis-tr…
Comparative analysis of stress responses of H9c2 rat cardiomyoblasts following treatment with doxorubicin and tBOOH
2011
Abstract Cardiotoxicity is the major dose-limiting adverse effect of anthracyclines and is hypothesized to result from damage induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) or inhibition of topoisomerase II. Here, we comparatively analyzed the effect of doxorubicin and the organic peroxide tertiary-butylhydroperoxide (tBOOH) on stress responses of rat cardiomyblast cells (H9c2). Moreover, we investigated the impact of serum factors and the novel prototypical protein kinase CK2 inhibitor resorufin on the sensentivity of H9c2 cells exposed to doxorubicin or tBOOH. Measuring cell viability by use of the WST assay as well as cell cycle progression and apoptotic death by FACS-based methods, we found t…
The Inhibitor of Apoptosis (IAPs) in Adaptive Response to Cellular Stress.
2012
Cells are constantly exposed to endogenous and exogenous cellular injuries. They cope with stressful stimuli by adapting their metabolism and activating various “guardian molecules.” These pro-survival factors protect essential cell constituents, prevent cell death, and possibly repair cellular damages. The Inhibitor of Apoptosis (IAPs) proteins display both anti-apoptotic and pro-survival properties and their expression can be induced by a variety of cellular stress such as hypoxia, endoplasmic reticular stress and DNA damage. Thus, IAPs can confer tolerance to cellular stress. This review presents the anti-apoptotic and survival functions of IAPs and their role in the adaptive response to…
Primary proliferating immature myeloid cells from CML patients are not resistant to induction of apoptosis by DNA damage and growth factor withdrawal.
1996
Induction of apoptosis by growth factor deprivation or gamma-irradiation-induced DNA damage was directly studied in proliferating primary haemopoietic cells derived from CD34-positive cells of 13 CML patients and 12 normal controls. CD34-positive cells were cultured in the presence of appropriate concentrations of SCF and G-CSF for 5–7 d. After gamma irradiation with 500 rad or growth factor deprivation, the fraction of apoptotic cells was assessed by two independent methods applying either measurement of cells incorporating FITC-labelled dUTP by terminal transferase or assessment of the fraction of cells with a less than 2N DNA content in flow cytometry. Proliferating CML cells were not re…