Search results for "Progression"
showing 10 items of 1251 documents
Local barrier dysfunction identified by confocal laser endomicroscopy predicts relapse in inflammatory bowel disease
2011
Objectives: Loss of intestinal barrier function plays an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Shedding of intestinal epithelial cells is a potential cause of barrier loss during inflammation. The objectives of the study were (1) to determine whether cell shedding and barrier loss in humans can be detected by confocal endomicroscopy and (2) whether these parameters predict relapse of IBD. Methods: Confocal endomicroscopy was performed in IBD and control patients using intravenous fluorescein to determine the relationship between cell shedding and local barrier dysfunction. A grading system based on appearances at confocal endomicroscopy in humans was devise…
Adaptive immunity suppresses formation and progression of diethylnitrosamine-induced liver cancer
2012
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a typical inflammation-associated cancer, but may also provoke antitumour immune responses whose significance and underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Objective To characterise immune responses in the diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-liver cancer mouse model. Design Tumour development and immune cell functions upon DEN treatment were compared between C57BL/6 wild-type (WT), chemokine scavenging receptor D6-deficient, B cell- (Igh6), CD4 T cell- (MHC-II) and T-/B cell-deficient (Rag1) mice. Relevance for human HCC was tested by comparing gene array results from 139 HCC tissues. Results The induction of premalignant lesions after 24 weeks and…
Magnetic resonance pharmacokinetic imaging clusterization of hepatocellular carcinomas as a means to grade tumor aggressiveness.
2012
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) management takes into account clinical and radiological findings, such as tumor stage, hepatic functional status and clinical symptoms. It is necessary to evaluate the number, size and location of the lesions. However, lesion aggressiveness is not considered in this therapeutic workflow, although the biology and the growth rate of the lesions have an important impact on survival. The aim of this work was to establish if the quantitative pharmacokinetic assessment of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance images of HCC can separate lesions with different microvascular properties and biological evolution. Forty five patients with HCC and dynamic contrast-e…
Complexity of the Hereditary Motor and Sensory Neuropathies
2015
Early-onset hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies are rare diseases representing a broad clinical and genetic spectrum. Without a notable familial history, the clinical diagnosis is complicated because acquired causes of peripheral neuropathy, such as inflammatory neuropathies, neuropathies with toxic causes, and nutritional deficiencies, must be considered. We examined the clinical, electrophysiological, and pathologic manifestations of a boy with an initial diagnosis of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. The progression of the disease despite treatment led to a suspicion of hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy. Genetic testing revealed the presence of the MPZ p.D90…
A tissue microarray study of osteosarcoma: histopathologic and immunohistochemical validation of xenotransplanted tumors as preclinical models.
2010
Osteosarcomas (OS) are aggressive neoplasms with a wide range of morphologic patterns.OS cases (primary and xenotransplanted) with paraffin blocks available were collected and included in tissue microarrays (TMAs). A morphologic evaluation including the different passages in mice was carried out according to the new WHO criteria. In addition, TMAs were analyzed with a wide panel of immunohistochemical (IHC) markers (osteonectin, osteocalcin,cytokeratin, S100, Sox-9, Ki-67, Bcl-2, p53, p16, survivin, CD99, and caveolin-1).A total of 61 cases were collected. The distribution of the cases according to the histopathologic pattern was: 38 osteogenic OS, 8 primary chondrogenic OS, 2 primary telan…
Deregulation of E2-EPF Ubiquitin Carrier Protein in Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma
2011
Molecular pathways associated with pathogenesis of sporadic papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC), the second most common form of kidney cancer, are poorly understood. We analyzed primary tumor specimens from 35 PRCC patients treated by nephrectomy via gene expression analysis and tissue microarrays constructed from an additional 57 paraffin-embedded PRCC samples via immunohistochemistry. Gene products were validated and further studied by Western blot analyses using primary PRCC tumor samples and established renal cell carcinoma cell lines, and potential associations with pathologic variables and survival in 27 patients with follow-up information were determined. We show that the expressio…
Progressive necrotic encephalopathy following tacrolimus therapy for liver transplantation.
2009
Previously described neurologic damage induced by immunosuppressive treatments includes transient or reversible central nervous system involvement. We describe a 57-year-old man who underwent liver transplantation and was started on immunosuppressive therapy with tacrolimus (FK506). Six months later, he started complaining of a progressive motor and sensory impairment of the left side, together with cognitive impairment. Brain MRI showed an enlarging lesion of the white matter with peripheral contrast enhancement. PET study indicated severe hypometabolism in the right hemisphere and spectroscopic MRI showed a peak of choline and relative reduction of other metabolites. Findings of CSF exami…
Expression of the Tumor Suppressor Gene Product p16INK4 in Benign and Malignant Melanocytic Lesions
1998
The gene MTS1 encodes p16INK4, an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 4, and is frequently deleted, mutated, or silenced by promoter methylation in melanoma cells and in the germline of familial melanoma patients. Although MTS1 may thus be the candidate melanoma suppressor gene that maps to chromosome 9p21, it is not clear how dysfunction at that locus temporally relates to melanoma progression. To further test its role in sporadic melanoma, the expression of p16INK4-protein and -mRNA was characterized in melanomas and melanocytic nevi by immunocytochemistry and in situ reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Histologic tissue sections were immunolabeled with anti-p16INK4 antibody…
Neocortical Variation of Abeta Load in Fully Expressed, Pure Alzheimer's Disease
2010
The relationship between amyloid-beta (A beta) deposition and tau-related neurofibrillary changes is a key issue in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of this study was to investigate the extent and cortical distribution of A beta and tau pathology, their mutual links and their correlation with the duration of the disease in thirty-nine patients with fully expressed AD. By tau immunohistochemistry, we identified different patterns of distribution of neurofibrillary changes that were ascribed to Braak stage V and VI. The disease duration was longer in patients at Braak stage VI than in those at V. Morphometric analysis carried out in several neocortical areas demonstrated …
Decreased Paraoxonase-2 Expression in Human Carotids During the Progression of Atherosclerosis
2008
Objective— Many gene products involved in oxidation and inflammation are implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. We investigated paraoxonase 2 (PON2), 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), and 5-LO activating protein (FLAP) expression and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in carotid lesions to assess their involvement in plaque formation. Methods and Results— We measured gene expression and MDA levels in atherosclerotic plaques from 59 patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, and in plaque-adjacent tissue from 41/59 patients. Twenty-three fetal carotids and 6 mammary arteries were also investigated. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry revealed decreased PON2 expression i…