Search results for "Project management"

Does the mastery of center-embedded linguistic structures distinguish humans from nonhuman primates?

2005

In a recentScience article, Fitch and Hauser (2004; hereafter, F&H) claimed to have demonstrated that cotton-top tamarins fail to learn an artificial language produced by a phrase structure grammar (Chomsky, 1957) generating center-embedded sentences, whereas adult humans easily learn such a language. We report an experiment replicating the results of F&H in humans but also showing that subjects learned the language without exploiting in any way the center-embedded structure. When the procedure was modified to make the processing of this structure mandatory, the subjects no longer showed evidence of learning. We propose a simple interpretation for the difference in performance observed in F…

The Scope of Opportunities for Religious Peacebuilders

2016

Steen-Johnsen applies Brewer et al.’s understanding of scope of opportunities as access to strategic social spaces, when assessing what religious peacebuilders can do in various political contexts. She outlines how Ethiopian religious leaders are only able to engage in peacebuilding activities which are acceptable to the regime, such as proffering a coexistence discourse. The religious leaders cannot, however, launch ideas which can be understood as challenging the political strategies of the EPRDF regime. Steen-Johnsen suggests that this renders the contribution of religious actors to peace much weaker in this type of political context as they fail to address important political contentiou…

On the influence of context-based complexity on information search patterns: An individual perspective

2014

Although context-based complexity measured as the similarity and conflict across alternatives is dependent on individual preference structures, existing studies investigating the influence of context-based complexity on information search patterns have largely ignored that context-based complexity is user- and preference-dependent. Addressing this research gap, this article elicits the individual preferences of decision makers by using the pairwise-comparison-based preference measurement (PCPM) technique and records individuals' search patterns using eye tracking. Our results show that an increased context-based complexity leads to an increase in information acquisition and the use of a mor…

Gamifying the Escape from the Engineering Method Prison

2018

Software Engineering is an engineering discipline but lacks a solid theoretical foundation. One effort in remedying this situation has been the SEMAT Essence specification. Essence consists of a language for modeling Software Engineering (SE) practices and methods and a kernel containing what its authors describe as being elements that are present in every software development project. In practice, it is a method agnostic project management tool for SE Projects. Using the language of the specification, Essence can be used to model any software development method or practice. Thus, the specification can potentially be applied to any software development context, making it a powerful tool. Ho…

Stochastic model predicts evolving preferences in the Iowa gambling task

2014

Learning under uncertainty is a common task that people face in their daily life. This process relies on the cognitive ability to adjust behavior to environmental demands. Although the biological underpinnings of those cognitive processes have been extensively studied, there has been little work in formal models seeking to capture the fundamental dynamic of learning under uncertainty. In the present work, we aimed to understand the basic cognitive mechanisms of outcome processing involved in decisions under uncertainty and to evaluate the relevance of previous experiences in enhancing learning processes within such uncertain context. We propose a formal model that emulates the behavior of p…

Teachers’ Use of Internet Resources for Preparing English Lessons

2011

The twenty-first century is unquestionably the age of the Internet, which is an inexhaustible source of information instantly available. Multimodal texts obtained via the Internet, cheap, authentic and varied, may be successfully used in the process of teaching foreign languages. The paper presents the results of a survey which aimed at diagnosing if and how teachers of English as a foreign language use Internet resources in their teaching. The results reveal that almost all the respondents, young of age and of teaching experience, are skilled Internet users who strongly rely on this resource also in their professional activity. They use the Internet to find teaching materials that suppleme…

Selection Task and Computer-Based Feedback to Improve the Searching Process in Task-Oriented Reading Situations

2015

Adaptive feedback has showed to be effective to enhance strategic reading behaviors and performance in task-oriented reading situations, but it is difficult to be implemented in classroom environments. Computer-based systems allow overcoming these challenges. We conducted an experiment in which secondary-school students read two texts, answered comprehension questions and selected relevant text information while receiving automatic feedback about selection accuracy and performance. Two experimental conditions were designed to assess the effects of feedback and selection attempts. Then, students perform a transfer task without any of these elements. We found that one-attempt and two-attempt …

Convolutional Neural Network-Based Human Movement Recognition Algorithm in Sports Analysis

2021

In order to analyse the sports psychology of athletes and to identify the psychology of athletes in their movements, a human action recognition (HAR) algorithm has been designed in this study. First, a HAR model is established based on the convolutional neural network (CNN) to classify the current action state by analysing the action information of a task in the collected videos. Secondly, the psychology of basketball players displaying fake actions during the offensive and defensive process is investigated by combining with related sports psychological theories. Then, the psychology of athletes is also analysed through the collected videos, so as to predict the next response action of the …

Gamificación en el aula: una experiencia de “escape room inversa”

2021

<p class="Abstract">El recurso de la enseñanza a través del juego (gamificación) se ha ido extendiendo también a la docencia en la Universidad, con buenos resultados. En este trabajo presentamos una enriquecedora experiencia de gamificación en el aula, realizada en las asignaturas Estadística II, del Grado en Finanzas y Contabilidad, de la Universitat de València y Matemáticas 1, del Grado en Fundamentos de la Arquitectura de la Universitat Politècnica de València.</p><p class="Abstract">La denominamos “escape room inversa”, en referencia a que nuestra actividad lúdica consistió, a diferencia de la actividad de ocio popularmente conocida, en lograr volver a un espacio cerr…

2020

Critical reasoning (CR) when confronted with contradictory information from multiple sources is a crucial ability in a knowledge-based society and digital world. Using information without critically reflecting on the content and its quality may lead to the acceptance of information based on unwarranted claims. Previous personal beliefs are assumed to play a decisive role when it comes to critically differentiating between assertions and claims and warranted knowledge and facts. The role of generic epistemic beliefs on critical stance and attitude in reflectively dealing with information is well researched. Relatively few studies have been conducted on the influence of domain-specific belief…