Search results for "Propionate"
showing 10 items of 144 documents
Isolation of acetic, propionic and butyric acid-forming bacteria from biogas plants.
2015
In this study, acetic, propionic and butyric acid-forming bacteria were isolated from thermophilic and mesophilic biogas plants (BGP) located in Germany. The fermenters were fed with maize silage and cattle or swine manure. Furthermore, pressurized laboratory fermenters digesting maize silage were sampled. Enrichment cultures for the isolation of acid-forming bacteria were grown in minimal medium supplemented with one of the following carbon sources: Na(+)-dl-lactate, succinate, ethanol, glycerol, glucose or a mixture of amino acids. These substrates could be converted by the isolates to acetic, propionic or butyric acid. In total, 49 isolates were obtained, which belonged to the phyla Firm…
Antifungal and antimycotoxigenic activity of hydrolyzed goat whey on Penicillium spp: An application as biopreservation agent in pita bread
2020
Abstract Whey is a by-product of the cheese industry, yet it contains proteins that have a high nutritional value and are an important source of antifungal peptides. Food deterioration caused by toxigenic fungi is one of the challenges of food safety. In this context, trypsin was used to hydrolyse goat milk whey at 37. The resultant peptides were characterised by LC–ESI–TOF-MS. Antifungal activity of the goat milk whey hydrolysate (HGW) was determined against 10 toxigenic fungi from the genus Penicillium, in solid and liquid media. Furthermore, HGW was used as an ingredient for bread elaboration. Bread elaborated with HGW and inoculated with toxigenic fungi was included in a shelf-life stud…
An isoleucine residue within the carboxyl-transferase domain of multidomain acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase is a major determinant of sensitivity to ar…
2003
Abstract A 3,300-bp DNA fragment encoding the carboxyl-transferase domain of the multidomain, chloroplastic acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) was sequenced in aryloxyphenoxypropionate (APP)-resistant and -sensitive Alopecurus myosuroides (Huds.). No resistant plant contained an Ile-1,781-Leu substitution, previously shown to confer resistance to APPs and cyclohexanediones (CHDs). Instead, an Ile-2,041-Asn substitution was found in resistant plants. Phylogenetic analysis of the sequences revealed that Asn-2,041 ACCase alleles derived from several distinct origins. Allele-specific polymerase chain reaction associated the presence of Asn-2,041 with seedling resistance to APPs but not to C…
Aflatoxins and A. flavus Reduction in Loaf Bread through the Use of Natural Ingredients
2018
In this study, the antifungal activity of yellow mustard (YMF) and oriental mustard (OMF) meal extracts against 14 strains of fungi was tested on a solid medium. The results obtained with the YMF were next confirmed in liquid medium determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum fungicide concentration (MFC). Finally, the use of YMF as a natural preservative to extend the useful life of bread was evaluated. Breads with different concentrations of YMF (2, 4, 6 and 8 g/kg) were prepared and contaminated with Aspergillus flavus ISPA 8111 and Penicillium nordicum CECT 2320. For 10 days the formation of mycelium was observed, and after that the fungal growth and the mycot…
In vitro colonic fermentation of a plant sterol-enriched beverage in a dynamic-colonic gastrointestinal digester
2021
Abstract The impact of a plant sterol-enriched beverage on the sterol metabolism, organic acid production and microbiota composition was evaluated by means of a dynamic gastrointestinal and colonic fermentation model. After one week of fermentation, an absence of sterol metabolites was reported, in accordance with the lack of microbiota related to their metabolism. Although total organic acid content was lower in the ascending colon (AC) compared to the transversal (TC) and descending colon (DC) (28–57 mmol/L vs. 55-87 and 44–64 mmol/L, respectively), its increments, with respect to the initial value, were higher (2-fold vs. 1.6- and 1.5-fold). Increments of acetate, butyrate and propionate…
Antifungal activity and shelf life extension of loaf bread produced with sourdough fermented by Lactobacillus strains
2019
The objective of this study was to evaluate a water‐soluble extract from sourdoughs fermented with the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) for antifungal reflect on loaf bread. The extracts produced by Lactobacillus plantarum CECT 749 and L. bulgaricus CECT 4005 were effective against strains of Fusarium spp., Penicillium spp., and Aspergillus spp., with minimum inhibitory concentration ranging from 1.6 to 200 mg/ml and minimum fungicidal concentration from 1.6 to 400 mg/ml. LC‐ESI‐MS‐TOF was used to analyze the antimicrobial compounds. Several antimicrobial phenolic acids were found. Fermented sourdoughs used for the production of loaf bread produced a reduction of fungal growth in relation on the …
Impact of a Plant Sterol- and Galactooligosaccharide-Enriched Beverage on Colonic Metabolism and Gut Microbiota Composition Using an In Vitro Dynamic…
2019
This document is he Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04796
Analysis of propionate‐degrading consortia from agricultural biogas plants
2016
Abstract In order to investigate the propionate‐degrading community of agricultural biogas plants, four propionate‐degrading consortia (Ap1a, N12, G12, and Wp2a) were established from different biogas plants which were fed with renewable resources. The consortia were cultivated in a batch for a period of 2–4 years and then analyzed in an 8‐week batch experiment for microbial succession during propionate degradation. Community shifts showed considerable propagation of Syntrophobacter sulfatireducens, Cryptanaerobacter sp./Pelotomaculum sp., and “Candidatus Cloacamonas sp.” in the course of decreasing propionate concentration. Methanogenic species belonged mainly to the genera Methanosarcina,…
Investigating fibrosis and inflammation in an ex vivo NASH murine model.
2020
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease, characterized by excess fat accumulation (steatosis). Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) develops in 15–20% of NAFLD patients and frequently progresses to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. We aimed to develop an ex vivo model of inflammation and fibrosis in steatotic murine precision-cut liver slices (PCLS). NASH was induced in C57Bl/6 mice on an amylin and choline-deficient l-amino acid-defined (CDAA) diet. PCLS were prepared from steatohepatitic (sPCLS) and control (cPCLS) livers and cultured for 48 h with LPS, TGFβ1, or elafibranor. Additionally, C57Bl/6 mice were placed on CDAA diet for 12 wk to receive elafibranor…
Elafibranor, an Agonist of the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-alpha and -delta, Induces Resolution of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Withou…
2016
International audience; BACKGROUND & AIMS: Elafibranor is an agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-δ. Elafibranor improves insulin sensitivity, glucose homeostasis, and lipid metabolism and reduces inflammation. We assessed the safety and efficacy of elafibranor in an international, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial of patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).METHODS: Patients with NASH without cirrhosis were randomly assigned to groups given elafibranor 80 mg (n = 93), elafibranor 120 mg (n = 91), or placebo (n = 92) each day for 52 weeks at sites in Europe and the United States. Clinical and …