Search results for "Propylene Glycols"

showing 6 items of 16 documents

Temperature-controlled poly(propylene) glycol hydrophobicity on the formation of inclusion complexes with modified cyclodextrins. A DSC and ITC study.

2011

The study highlighted the main forces driving the formation of hydroxypropyl-cyclodextrins (HP-CDs) + poly(propylene) glycol 725 g mol(-1) inclusion complexes. The temperature parameter was chosen as the variable to modulate the hydrophobicity of the polymer, and consequently ITC experiments as functions of temperature as well as DSC measurements were done in a systematic way. The polymer is not included into HP-α-CD, it is strongly bound to HP-β-CD and it is floating in HP-γ-CD. The stability of the inclusion complexes is entropy controlled. The gain of the entropy is a unique result compared to the opposite literature findings for inclusion complexes based on polymers and CDs. This peculi…

PolymersEnthalpyGeneral Physics and AstronomyCalorimetrychemistry.chemical_compoundsymbols.namesakeDifferential scanning calorimetryOrganic chemistryPropylene oxidePhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySolubilitySettore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisicachemistry.chemical_classificationBinodalCyclodextrinsTemperatureWaterPolymerchemistrySolubilityPropylene GlycolssymbolsPhysical chemistryThermodynamicsvan der Waals forceCalorimetry polymer Cyclodextrins supramoleculesEthylene glycolHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsPhysical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP
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Effect of multiple honey doses on non-specific acute cough in children. An open randomised study and literature review.

2015

Abstract Background Honey is recommended for non-specific acute paediatric cough by the Australian guidelines. Current available randomised clinical trials evaluated the effects of a single evening dose of honey, but multiple doses outcomes have never been studied. Objectives To evaluate the effects of wildflower honey, given for three subsequent evenings, on non-specific acute paediatric cough, compared to dextromethorphan (DM) and levodropropizine (LDP), which are the most prescribed over-the-counter (OTC) antitussives in Italy. Methods 134 children suffering from non-specific acute cough were randomised to receive for three subsequent evenings a mixture of milk (90 ml) and wildflower hon…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineMalemedicine.medical_specialtyEveningAdolescentAcute coughImmunologyPlaceboMultiple dosingDextromethorphanDrug Administration ScheduleAcute coughNon specificInternal medicinemedicineImmunology and AllergyAnimalsHumansLevodropropizineChildLevodropropizineChildrenbusiness.industryfood and beveragesGeneral MedicineDextromethorphanHoneyDextromethorphaneClinical trialAntitussive AgentsMilkTreatment OutcomeSettore MED/38 - PEDIATRIA GENERALE E SPECIALISTICACoughPropylene GlycolsAnesthesiaChild PreschoolFemalebusinessmedicine.drugAllergologia et immunopathologia
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Early stress response of human nasal respiratory epithelia after exposure to 1-methoxypropanol-2

2007

To evaluate the impact of 1-methoxypropanol-2 (MEP) for the stimulation of an inflammatory response in human respiratory mucosa, we exposed 22 primary cell cultures of nasal respiratory epithelia of healthy individuals to MEP concentrations at the level of the German MAK-value (100 ppm) and to the 10-fold concentration (1000 ppm). After 4 and 24h we analyzed the transcription of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, GMCSF, Cox-1 and Cox-2 by quantitative PCR as well as the release of the respective cytokines by ELISA. At both MEP concentrations we observed a significant increase of TNF-alpha-, IL-1beta-, IL-6- and Cox-2-transcripts after 4h. After 24h cytokine transcription of TNF-alpha, …

Respiratory Mucosamedicine.medical_specialtyTranscription Geneticmedicine.medical_treatmentInflammationStimulationAir Pollutants OccupationalBiologyGranulocyteToxicologyProinflammatory cytokineInternal medicinemedicineHumansRNA MessengerRespiratory systemCells CulturedGeneral MedicineNasal MucosaCytokineEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurePropylene GlycolsImmunologySolventsCytokinesmedicine.symptomRespiratory tractToxicology Letters
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In vitro skin penetration of bronidox, bronopol and formaldehyde from cosmetics

2020

The objective was to evaluate the influence of the formulation in the in vitro transdermal absorption through pig ear skin of three preservatives, bronopol, bronidox and formaldehyde as well as the absorption of formaldehyde from bronopol and dimethyloldimethyl hydantoin (DMDM hydantoin). An aqueous solution, an O/W emulsion and a hydrogel were assayed. Bronidox and bronopol absorption depends on the formulation. The O/W emulsion was the system that least promoted absorption of bronidox while the absorption of bronopol was lower from the hydrogel. The aqueous solution provided maximal transdermal absorption of both preservatives. Moreover, the transdermal absorption of formaldehyde released…

SwineSkin AbsorptionFormaldehydeHydantoinCosmeticsAbsorption (skin)010501 environmental sciencesToxicology030226 pharmacology & pharmacy01 natural sciencesDMDM hydantoinDioxanes03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineDrug StabilityFormaldehydeAnimals0105 earth and related environmental sciencesBronidoxAqueous solutionChromatographyPreservatives PharmaceuticalHydrogelsGeneral MedicineBronopolchemistryPropylene GlycolsEmulsionEmulsionsRegulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology
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Aliphatic Polyethers: Classical Polymers for the 21st Century.

2015

Polyethers-polymers with the structural element (R'-O-R)n in their backbone--are an old class of polymers which were already used at the time of the ancient Egyptians. However, still today these materials are highly important with applications in all areas of our life, reaching from the automotive and paper industry to cosmetics and biomedical applications. In this Review, different aliphatic polyethers like poly(epoxide)s, poly(oxetane)s, and poly(tetrahydrofuran) are discussed. Special emphasis is placed on the history, the polymerization techniques (industrially and in academia), the properties, the applications as well as recent developments of these materials.

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsPolymer sciencePolymersOrganic ChemistryPolymerOxetanechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPolymerizationPropylene GlycolsMaterials ChemistryOrganic chemistryButylene GlycolsTetrahydrofuranMacromolecular rapid communications
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A fluorescence study of the loading and time stability of doxorubicin in sodium cholate/PEO-PPO-PEO triblock copolymer mixed micelles

2019

Abstract Hypothesis Doxorubicin hydrochloride (DX) is one of the most powerful anticancer agents though its clinical use is impaired by severe undesired side effects. DX encapsulation in nanocarrier systems has been introduced as a mean to reduce its toxicity. Micelles of the nonionic triblock copolymers of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) (PEO-PPO-PEO), are very promising carrier systems. The positive charge of DX confines the drug to the hydrophilic corona region of the micelles. The use of mixed micelles of PEO-PPO-PEO copolymers and a negatively charged bile salt should favour the solubilization of DX in the apolar core region of the micelles. Experiments We st…

small angle X-raymacromolecular substances02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesMicelledoxorubicinFluorescence spectroscopyfluorescence; doxorubicin; pluronics bile salts; dynamic light scattering; small angle X-ray; scattering drug-deliveryPolyethylene GlycolsBiomaterialsColloid and Surface ChemistryDynamic light scatteringX-Ray DiffractionScattering Small AngleCopolymerMicellesDrug CarriersAqueous solutionAntibiotics AntineoplasticSmall-angle X-ray scatteringChemistrytechnology industry and agricultureWaterdynamic light scatteringPoloxamer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologySodium Cholate0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialspluronics bile saltsSpectrometry FluorescenceChemical engineeringSolubilityPropylene Glycolsscattering drug-deliveryfluorescenceNanocarriers0210 nano-technology
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