Search results for "Prospective"
showing 10 items of 3738 documents
An assessment of the human nail plate pH.
2010
<i>Purpose of Study:</i> To measure the pH of the surface of healthy nail plates. <i>Procedures:</i> The surface pH of human fingernails and big toenails was measured in vivo using a skin pH meter. The influence of washing, anatomical site (fingers/toes), side (left/right), digit (digits 1–5) and gender was determined. The pH of the nail interior was also measured. <i>Results:</i> The pH of the nail plate surface was around 5, with toenails having a significantly higher pH than fingernails. Immediately after hand washing, the nail surface pH increased significantly, from pH 5.1 ± 0.4 to 5.3 ± 0.5. However, this was not sustained with time, and the pH retu…
Combined effects of shiftwork and individual working time control on long-term sickness absence: a prospective study of finnish employees
2014
Objective To investigate whether the effects of shiftwork on long-term sickness absence vary according to the level of individual working time control (WTC). Methods A representative sample of Finnish employees (1447 men and 1624 women) was combined with a register-based follow-up. A negative binomial model was used in the analysis of long-term sickness absence days. The results were adjusted for various background and work-related factors. Results Individual WTC decreased long-term sickness absence. The higher rate of sickness absences in shiftwork was mainly due to the lower level of WTC. Working time control decreased sickness absence equally in day work and shiftwork. Conclusions The ne…
The Role of Work Group in Individual Sickness Absence Behavior
2008
The purpose of our two-year follow-up study was to examine the effect of the social components of the work group, such as group absence norms and cohesion, on sickness absence behavior among individuals with varying attitudes toward work attendance. The social components were measured using a questionnaire survey, and data on sickness absence behavior were collected from the employers' records. The study population consisted of 19,306 Finnish municipal employees working in 1,847 groups (78% women). Multilevel Poisson regression modeling was applied. The direct effects of work group characteristics on sickness absence were mostly insignificant. In contrast, both of the social components of …
Posterior interosseous nerve of the elbow at the arcade of Frohse: Ultrasound appearance in asymptomatic subjects
2019
PURPOSE To assess the normal values of the antero-posterior (AP) diameter of the posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) of the elbow as it passes beneath the arcade of Frohse and to search for PIN-diameter differences between the upstream, entry point and downstream of the arcade. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty asymptomatic patients prospectively underwent bilateral B-mode ultrasound of the PIN of the elbow. There were 15 men and 15 women with a mean age of 30.2±5.31 (SD) years (range: 26-43 years). Of these, 23 patients were right-handers (23/30; 77%) and 7 were left handers (7/30; 23%). AP diameter of the PIN was measured in long axis at three different locations including the entry point of the…
Patients with adenoid cystic carcinomas of the salivary glands treated with lenvatinib: Activity and quality of life
2019
The treatment of patients with recurrent and/or metastatic (R/M) salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) remains an unmet need.Patients with R/M disease with a history of clinical or symptomatic disease progression within 6 months and a maximum of 1 previous line of chemotherapy or a multiple kinase inhibitor received oral lenvatinib at a dose of 24 mg/day. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate; secondary endpoints included quality of life (QOL) (according to the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 Items [EORTC QLQ-C30] and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Question…
Pooled analysis of who surgical safety checklist use and mortality after emergency laparotomy
2019
Background The World Health Organization (WHO) Surgical Safety Checklist has fostered safe practice for 10 years, yet its place in emergency surgery has not been assessed on a global scale. The aim of this study was to evaluate reported checklist use in emergency settings and examine the relationship with perioperative mortality in patients who had emergency laparotomy. Methods In two multinational cohort studies, adults undergoing emergency laparotomy were compared with those having elective gastrointestinal surgery. Relationships between reported checklist use and mortality were determined using multivariable logistic regression and bootstrapped simulation. Results Of 12 296 patients incl…
Phytosterol plasma concentrations and coronary heart disease in the prospective Spanish EPIC cohort
2010
Phytosterol intake with natural foods, a measure of healthy dietary choices, increases plasma levels, but increased plasma phytosterols are believed to be a coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factor. To address this paradox, we evaluated baseline risk factors, phytosterol intake, and plasma noncholesterol sterol levels in participants of a case control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Spanish cohort who developed CHD (n = 299) and matched controls (n = 584) who remained free of CHD after a 10 year follow-up. Sitosterol-to-cholesterol ratios increased across tertiles of phytosterol intake (P = 0.026). HDL-cholesterol level increased, …
Addition of a second opioid may improve opioid response in cancer pain: preliminary data
2004
Recent experimental data suggest a possible use of an opioid combination to improve analgesia. In cancer patients, a rapid opioid escalation due to either worsening of the pain condition or the development of tolerance is a critical phase, as this condition is associated with a negative prognosis. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of adding a second opioid at low doses in patients with a poor analgesic benefit after dose escalation. Fourteen patients receiving strong opioids who had increased their dosage more than 100% in the last week unsuccessfully were randomly chosen to add a second opioid to the first using an initial equivalent dosage of 20% of the previous therapy. The…
Gastrointestinal symptoms in infancy: A population-based prospective study
2005
Abstract Background. During the first months of life, infants can suffer from many ‘minor’ gastroenterological disturbances. However, little is known about the frequency of these problems and the factors which predispose or facilitate their onset. Aims. (a) To ascertain the frequency of the most common gastrointestinal symptoms in infants during the first 6 months after birth; (b) to evaluate the influence of some variables on the onset of the symptoms. Study design and patients. Each of the 150 paediatricians distributed throughout Italy followed 20 consecutive infants from birth to 6 months. 2879 infants (1422 f, 1457 m) concluded the study. The presence of the following symptoms was eval…
Clinical impact of broad-spectrum empirical antibiotic therapy in patients with healthcare-associated pneumonia: a multicenter interventional study
2012
Healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP) has been proposed as a new category of pneumonia distinct from community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). A multicenter observational study in 2008 finds that patients with HCAP have a mortality rate significantly higher than patients with CAP, and a worse outcome is associated at logistic regression analysis with a low adherence to empirical antibiotic therapy recommended by ATS/IDSA guidelines. We designed a prospective interventional study to establish whether administration of a broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy consistent with the 2005 ATS/IDSA guidelines has an effect on the clinical outcome of hospitalized patients with HCAP. All patients with HCAP pro…