Search results for "Prostate"

Cell-Free Circulating Plasma hTERT mRNA Is a Useful Marker for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Is Associated with Poor Prognosis Tumor Characteristics

2012

BackgroundSerum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is the most widely used marker for diagnosing prostate cancer (PCa). It lacks specificity and predictive value, resulting in inaccurate diagnoses and overtreatment of the disease. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of plasma telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA as a diagnostic and prognostic tool for PCa and its association with clinicopathological parameters of tumors.Principal findingsPlasma hTERT mRNA levels were determined by qRT-PCR in 105 consecutive patients with elevated PSA levels and in 68 healthy volunteers. The diagnostic accuracy, the efficacy as a prognostic factor of biochemical recurrence and the associ…

Balancing Passive and Active Targeting to Different Tumor Compartments Using Riboflavin-Functionalized Polymeric Nanocarriers

2017

Riboflavin transporters (RFTs) and the riboflavin carrier protein (RCP) are highly upregulated in many tumor cells, tumor stem cells, and tumor neovasculature, which makes them attractive targets for nanomedicines. Addressing cells in different tumor compartments requires drug carriers, which are not only able to accumulate via the EPR effect but also to extravasate, target specific cell populations, and get internalized by cells. Reasoning that antibodies are among the most efficient targeting systems developed by nature, we consider their size (-10-15 nm) to be ideal for balancing passive and active tumor targeting. Therefore, small, short-circulating (10 kDa, -7 nm, t1/2 - 1 h) and large…

44Sc-DOTA-BN[2-14]NH2 in comparison to 68Ga-DOTA-BN[2-14]NH2 in pre-clinical investigation. Is 44Sc a potential radionuclide for PET?

2011

In the present study we demonstrate the in vitro and in vivo comparison of the (44)Sc and (68)Ga labeled DOTA-BN[2-14]NH(2). (44)Sc is a positron emitter with a half life of 3.92 h. Hence it could be used for PET imaging with ligands requiring longer observation time than in the case of (68)Ga.The binding affinity of (nat)Sc-DOTA-BN[2-14]NH(2) and (nat)Ga-DOTA-BN[2-14]NH(2) to GRP receptors was studied in competition to [(125)I-Tyr(4)]-Bombesin in the human prostate cancer cell line PC-3. A preliminary biodistribution in normal rats was performed, while first microPET images were assessed in male Copenhagen rats bearing the androgen-independent Dunning R-3327-AT-1 prostate cancer tumor.The …

Inferring postimplant dose distribution of salvage permanent prostate implant (PPI) after primary PPI on CT images

2018

International audience; PURPOSE:To evaluate the dose distribution of additional radioactive seeds implanted during salvage permanent prostate implant (sPPI) after a primary permanent prostate implant (pPPI).METHODS AND MATERIALS:Patients with localized prostate cancer were primarily implanted with iodine-125 seeds and had a dosimetric assessment based on day 30 postimplant CT (CT1). After an average of 6 years, these patients underwent sPPI followed by the same CT-based evaluation of dosimetry (CT2). Radioactive seeds on each CT were detected. The detected primary seeds on CT1 and CT2 were registered and then removed from CT2 referred as a modified CT2 (mCT2). Dosimetry evaluations (D90 and…

Chronic administration of green tea extract to TRAMP mice induces the collapse of Golgi apparatus in prostate secretory cells and results in alterati…

2011

Considering its long latency, prostate cancer (PCa) represents an ideal target for chemoprevention strategies. Green tea extract (GTE) has been proved to be one of the most promising natural substances capable of inhibiting PCa progression in animal models (transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate), as well as in humans. However, the cellular targets of the GTE action are mostly unknown. The main objective of this work was to investigate whether the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi apparatus (GA), known to be actively involved in sensing stress stimuli and initiating and propagating cell death signalling, may represent the subcellular targets of GTE action. To this end, 42 TRAMP …

Polymorphisms of pro-inflammatory genes and prostate cancer risk: a pharmacogenomic approach.

2009

In this paper, we consider the role of the genetics of inflammation in the pathophysiology of prostate cancer (PCa). This paper is not an extensive review of the literature, rather it is an expert opinion based on data from authors' laboratories on age-related diseases and inflammation. The aim is the detection of a risk profile that potentially allows both the early identification of individuals at risk for disease and the possible discovery of potential targets for medication. In fact, a major goal of clinical research is to improve early detection of age-related diseases, cancer included, by developing tools to move diagnosis backward in disease temporal course, i.e., before the clinical…

A population‐based comparison of second primary cancers in G ermany and S weden between 1997 and 2006: clinical implications and etiologic aspects

2013

Second primary cancer (SPC) has become an increasing concern in cancer survivorship. Patterns of SPCs in different populations may offer clinical implications and research priorities into SPCs. This study is devoted to compare the occurrences and rank correlations of SPCs between Germany and Sweden. Patients diagnosed with 10 common first primaries between 1997 and 2006 from the Swedish Family-Cancer Database and 10 German cancer registries were included in this population-based study. Spearman's rank correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the strength of the relationship of SPCs between the German and Swedish datasets. Spearman's rank correlation coefficients suggested a strong pos…

Uncommon Presentations of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

2003

Ultrasound-guided intra-tumor injection of combined immunotherapy cures mice from orthotopic prostate cancer.

2013

Intra-tumor injection of immunotherapeutic agents is often the most effective, likely because of concomitant modification of tumor microenvironment. We tested an immunotherapeutic regimen consisting of CpG oligonucleotides and of adenovirus-mediated gene delivery of CCL16 chemokine directly into orthotopically implanted prostate tumors by ultrasound-guided injection, followed by systemic administration of an anti-IL-10R antibody. This combination treatment induced rapid stromal rearrangement, characterized by massive leukocyte infiltration and large areas of necrosis, a scenario that eventually led to complete tumor rejection and systemic immunity in 75 % of the treated mice. In vivo T lymp…

Prostate cancer: from the pathophysiologic implications of some genetic risk factors to translation in personalized cancer treatments.

2013

Several pathologies affect human prostate, such as prostate cancer (PC), which is the most common non-skin malignant cancer in Western male populations. A complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors (i.e. infectious agents, dietary carcinogens) and hormonal imbalances has been reported to have a fundamental role in PC pathophysiology by evoking chronic inflammation. Thus, chronic inflammation drives prostate carcinogenesis and neoplastic progression. No adequate biomarkers exist until now to guide PC prognosis and treatment. Accordingly, the research has particularly focused its attention on genetic variants in genes, codifying molecules of signaling innate immune/inflamma…