Search results for "Prostate"

2015

Myoglobin (MB) is not only strongly expressed in myocytes, but also at much lower levels in different cancer entities. 40% of breast tumors are MB-positive, with the globin being co-expressed with markers of tumor hypoxia in a proportion of cases. In breast cancer, MB expression is associated with a positive hormone receptor status and patient prognosis. In prostate cancer, another hormone-dependent cancer type, 53% of tumors were recently shown to express MB. Especially in more aggressive prostate cancer specimen MB expression also correlates with increased patient survival rates. Both findings might be due to tumor-suppressing properties of MB in cancer cells. In contrast to muscle, MB tr…

Variations of components of the plasminogen activation system with the cell cycle in benign prostate tissue and prostate cancer

2001

Background: Components of the fibrinolytic system are involved in tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Previous investigations suggested a cell cycle-dependent expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA) in epithelial cells. In order to determine a correlation of cell cycle phases with the fibrinolytic system, we investigated the expression of u-PA, tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) in normal and tumor-containing prostate extracts and analyzed a possible relationship with flow cytometry-determined proliferative activity of the samples. Cell cycle phases were correlated with fibrinolytic parameters in prostate tissue. Me…

Reply: “The Impact of 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT and PET/MRI on the Management of Prostate Cancer”

2019

Hormonrefraktāra prostatas vēža terapijas iespējas

2015

Aktualitāte: Pēdējās desmitgades laikā būtiski mainījusies pieeja hormonrefraktāra (HRPV) prostatas vēža terapijā. Kaut arī atrasti jauni preparāti HRPV ārstēšanā. Darba uzdevums: Analizēt pacienta stāvokli pie hormonālās refraktaritātes, hormonālās terapijas blakus efektus un kā arī slimības prognostiskos faktorus. Materiāls un metodes: Retrospektīvā pētījumā tika iekļauti 46 pacienti un telefona intervijā bijā. Rezultāti. Pētījuma pacientu vidējais vecums bija 74 gadi (SD +5,5). Vidējais laiks līdz hormonālai refraktaritātei bija 1,5 gadi (SD +2). 65,2% pacientiem vidējais PSA bija >10, kas liecina par prognostiski sliktu slimības gaitu, Vislabākā prognoze tika novērota 10,9% pacientiem a…

Wikipedia network analysis of cancer interactions and world influence

2019

AbstractWe apply the Google matrix algorithms for analysis of interactions and influence of 37 cancer types, 203 cancer drugs and 195 world countries using the network of 5 416 537 English Wikipedia articles with all their directed hyperlinks. The PageRank algorithm provides the importance order of cancers which has 60% and 70% overlaps with the top 10 cancers extracted from World Health Organization GLOBOCAN 2018 and Global Burden of Diseases Study 2017, respectively. The recently developed reduced Google matrix algorithm gives networks of interactions between cancers, drugs and countries taking into account all direct and indirect links between these selected 435 entities. These reduced n…

Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP)-dependent modulation of gene expression signatures in cancer cells

2022

PTHrP is encoded by PTHLH gene which can generate by alternative promoter usage and splicing mechanisms at least three mature peptides of 139, 141 and 173 amino acids with distinct carboxy terminus. PTHrP may undergo proteolytic processing into smaller bioactive forms, comprising an amino terminus peptide, which is the mediator of the "classical" PTH-like effect, as well as midregion and carboxy terminus peptides that act as multifaceted critical regulator of proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis via the reprogramming of gene expression in normal and neoplastic cells. Moreover, a nuclear/nucleolar localization signal sequence is present in the [87-107] domain allowing PTHrP nuclear i…

Current Trends in Prostate Cancer Etiology, Pathogenesis and Diagnostics

2021

Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) remains the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in men, with an estimated 1.1 million diagnoses worldwide in 2012, accounting for 15% of all cancers diagnosed. In many cases, successful treatment of prostate cancer is difficult due to late detection and rate of metastasis. Importantly, the tumours of many patients with prostate cancer become refractory to androgen therapy and progress to metastatic castration-resistant disease. An effective treatment course of prostate cancer patients requires predictive biomarkers in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer that support individual treatment. Different risk classification tools have been developed to …

Molecular Profiling of Potential Human Prostate Cancer Stem Cells

2013

We have investigated the expression of Oct-4, Suz-12, and Cripto-1, as presumptive “stemness” genes, and of connexin 43 (Cx43), Cx32 and androgen receptor (AR), as cell differentiation genes, in two human prostate cancer cell lines, PC3 and LNCaP. This aiming to define molecular profiles of prostate cancer stem cells for a better understanding of prostate carcinogenesis and tumor progression, as well as for prognostic or therapeutic purposes. Cells were grown in 3-dimensional (3D) cell cultures to favor clonal expansion of cancer stem and early progenitor cells, and compared to cells grown in 2-dimensional (2D) cell cultures. Under 3D culture conditions, LNCaP cells and PC3 cells generated …

2005

An appraisal of telomerase activity in benign prostatic hyperplasia

2000

BACKGROUND Prostate cancer is one of the commonest neoplasms in elderly males in developed countries. It is not clear which individuals are at high risk of developing aggressive adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Biomarkers are therefore urgently needed to identify such individuals. It had been suggested both by ourselves and others that prostatic telomerase activity may represent a valuable marker in this respect, particularly if applied to BPH, as tissue is readily available from both transurethral resection of prostates and transrectal ultrasound biopsy. METHODS Tissue was collected prospectively from 46 patients with BPH who underwent TURP for clinically benign prostatic disease, and who w…