Search results for "Proton"

showing 10 items of 5886 documents

Search for extra dimensions in diphoton events from proton-proton collisions at root s=7 TeV in the ATLAS detector at the LHC

2013

The large difference between the Planck scale and the electroweak scale, known as the hierarchy problem, is addressed in certain models through the postulate of extra spatial dimensions. A search for evidence of extra spatial dimensions in the diphoton channel has been performed using the full set of proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV recorded in 2011 with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. This dataset corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 4.9fb[superscript −1]. The diphoton invariant mass spectrum is observed to be in good agreement with the Standard Model expectation. In the context of the model proposed by Arkani–Hamed, Dimopoulos and Dvali, 95% confidence le…

Particle physicsSignalsGravityGeneral Physics and Astronomyddc:500.201 natural sciencesNuclear physicsElectroweak scale; Planck scale; hierarchy problemContact InteractionsHierarchy0103 physical sciencesColliders[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]CutoffInvariant massddc:530EXTRA DIMENSIONSHierarchy problem010306 general physicsQCPhysicsddc:539Integrated luminosityLarge Hadron ColliderProton proton collisions010308 nuclear & particles physicsAtlas (topology)Parton DistributionsPhysicsSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyGravitonConfidence levelsFísicaHierarchy problemSpatial dimensionFermion-Pair ProductionCollaborationExtra dimensionsThe standard modelLarge Hadron ColliderInvariant-mass spectraHADRON-HADRON COLLISIONSExperimental High Energy PhysicsComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentElectroweak scaleModel
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Search for supersymmetry via associated production of charginos and neutralinos in final states with three leptons

2005

A search for associated production of charginos and neutralinos is performed using data recorded with the D0 detector at a ppbar center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. This analysis considers final states with missing transverse energy and three leptons, of which at least two are electrons or muons. No evidence for supersymmetry is found in a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 320 pb-1. Limits on the product of the production cross section and leptonic branching fraction are set. For the minimal supergravity model, a chargino lower mass limit of 117 GeV at the 95% C.L. is derived in regions of parameter space with enhanced leptonic branching f…

Particle physicsTevatronFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomysparticles01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentNuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Chargino0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]14.80.Ly 12.60.Jv 13.85.Rmsparticle production010306 general physicsPhysicsproton-proton inclusive interactions010308 nuclear & particles physicsBranching fractionSupergravityHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologySuperpartnerSupersymmetryNeutralinosupergravityHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentsupersymmetryLeptonPHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
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Progress towards the first measurement of charm baryon dipole moments

2021

Electromagnetic dipole moments of short-lived particles are sensitive to physics within and beyond the Standard Model of particle physics but have not been accessible experimentally to date. To perform such measurements it has been proposed to exploit the spin precession of channeled particles in bent crystals at the LHC. Progress that enables the first measurement of charm baryon dipole moments is reported. In particular, the design and characterization on beam of silicon and germanium bent crystal prototypes, the optimization of the experimental setup, and advanced analysis techniques are discussed. Sensitivity studies show that first measurements of $\Lambda_c^+$ and $\Xi_c^+$ baryon dip…

Particle physicsmagnetic momentPhysics beyond the Standard ModelBent molecular geometryFOS: Physical scienceselectric dipole moment01 natural sciencescystal channelingNOHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)precession0103 physical sciencesCharm (quantum number)Sensitivity (control systems)010306 general physicsSpin (physics)particlesPhysicspolarizationLarge Hadron Colliderprotons010308 nuclear & particles physicscoherent interactionsBaryonHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyDipoleBent crystals; cystal channeling; electric dipole moment; baryonsHigh Energy Physics::Experimentmagnetic moment bent crystals coherent interactions particles precession protons polarizationBent crystalsbaryons
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Search for large extra spatial dimensions in dimuon production with the D0 detector

2005

We present the results of a search for the effects of large extra spatial dimensions in $p{\bar p}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 1.96 TeV in events containing a pair of energetic muons. The data correspond to 246 \ipb of integrated luminosity collected by the \D0 experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. Good agreement with the expected background was found, yielding no evidence for large extra dimensions. We set 95% C.L. lower limits on the fundamental Planck scale between 0.85 TeV and 1.27 TeV within several formalisms. These are the most stringent limits achieved in the dimuon channel to date.

Particle physicsstandard modelTevatronFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentStandard Modellaw.inventionNuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)law0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Fermilab010306 general physicsColliderPhysicsproton-proton inclusive interactionsLuminosity (scattering theory)010308 nuclear & particles physics13.85.Qk 11.25.Wx 13.85.RmD0 experimenthigh-energy elementary particle interactionsLarge extra dimensionPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsProduction (computer science)High Energy Physics::Experiment
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Search for diphoton events with large missing transverse momentum in 7 TeV proton-proton collision data with the ATLAS detector

2012

A search for diphoton events with large missing transverse momentum has been performed using proton–proton collision data at √s = 7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.8 fb[superscript −1]. No excess of events was observed above the Standard Model prediction and model-dependent 95% confidence level exclusion limits are set. In the context of a generalised model of gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking with a bino-like lightest neutralino of mass above 50 GeV, gluinos (squarks) below 1.07 TeV (0.87 TeV) are excluded, while a breaking scale Λ below 196 TeV is excluded for a minimal model of gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking. For a specific …

ParticleLambda01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentUniversal extra dimensionHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)proton-proton collisionExtensionBibliography[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]QCPhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleSupersymmetry breakingDynamical Supersymmetry BreakingComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGdiphoton events; ATLAS detectorUniversal Extra DimensionsPhenomenologyFísica nuclearPhenomenology (particle physics)Particle Physics - ExperimentParticle physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsFortran CodeCiências Naturais::Ciências FísicasAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaSupergauge Transformations:Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais]FOS: Physical sciencesddc:500.2530Partícules (Física nuclear)Nuclear physicsMinimal model0103 physical sciencesddc:530010306 general physicsCiencias ExactasScience & TechnologyATLAS detector010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFísicadiphotonHadron CollidersGeneratorsHADRON-HADRON COLLISIONSNeutralinoExperimental High Energy PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentModel
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Progress in neuropathology of the neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses.

1999

Abstract Since the last, 6th, International Congress on Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses, neuropathological advances in neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL) have been made in several areas: (1) In adult NCL (ANCL) lipopigments have now been repeatedly confirmed to contain subunit c of mitochondrial ATP synthase and even sphingolipid activators (saposins). ANCL lipopigments have also been confirmed in extracerebral tissues including skin, skeletal muscle, and spleen, but not yet lymphocytes (2). Among circulating blood cells not only B cells and subclasses of T lymphocytes, i.e., CD4 + , CD8 + , and CD56 cells, but also monocytes have been found to contain NCL lipopigments, indicating that thi…

Pathologymedicine.medical_specialtyEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismSpleenNeuropathologyBiologyBiochemistry03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologyNeuronal Ceroid-LipofuscinosesPrecursor cellCyclinsGeneticsmedicineMacrophageHumansVitamin E DeficiencyKufs diseaseMolecular Biology030304 developmental biologySkinNeurons0303 health sciencesMicrogliaBrainmedicine.diseaseSphingolipid3. Good healthProton-Translocating ATPasesmedicine.anatomical_structureSpinal CordMicroglia030217 neurology & neurosurgeryCD8Molecular genetics and metabolism
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Multimodal quantitative MRI assessment of cortical damage in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis

2016

Purpose To investigate magnetization transfer ratio (MTR), T1 relaxation time, and proton density (PD) as indicators of gray matter damage in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), reflecting different aspects of microstructural damage and as imaging correlates of clinical disability. We aimed to determine which of these parameters may optimally quantify cortical damage, and serve as an imaging surrogate of clinical disability. In this study, cortical values of MTR, a surrogate for demyelination in MS, of PD, reflecting replacement of neural tissue by water, and of T1 , indicating a complex array of microstructural changes, were assessed in a group of RRMS patients in comparison to …

Pathologymedicine.medical_specialtyExpanded Disability Status Scalemedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryMultiple sclerosisArea under the curveMagnetic resonance imagingmedicine.disease030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicine.anatomical_structureRelapsing remittingCerebral cortexmedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMagnetization transferNuclear medicinebusinessProton density030217 neurology & neurosurgeryJournal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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An improved anatomical MRI technique with suppression of fixative fluid artifacts for the investigation of human postmortem brain phantoms

2016

PURPOSE Phantoms are often used to assess MR system stability in multicenter studies. Postmortem brain phantoms best replicate human brain anatomy, allowing for a combined assessment of the MR system and software chain for data analysis. However, a wash-out of fixative fluid affecting T1 values and thus T1-weighted sequences such as magnetization-prepared 180 degrees radiofrequency pulses and rapid gradient-echo (MP-RAGE) has been reported for brain phantoms, hampering their immediate use. The purpose of this study was the creation of anatomical data that provide the characteristics of conventional data while avoiding this artifact. THEORY AND METHODS Two brain phantoms were scanned at seve…

Pathologymedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.diagnostic_testPostmortem brainComputer scienceSystem stabilityMagnetic resonance imagingHuman brainequipment and suppliesSynthetic data030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicine.anatomical_structuremedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingProton density030217 neurology & neurosurgeryFixativeBiomedical engineeringFixation (histology)Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
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The ring-current model of the paratropic pentalene molecule

2005

The ring-current model for the pentalene molecule has been constructed by ab initio techniques. The current density vector field has been used to obtain magnetic shielding density maps for the different protons. It is shown that the paramagnetic flow of the π electrons causes an increase of the out-plane component of proton shielding tensors, that is overall shielding. Distant portions of the π flow also shield carbon nuclei.

PentaleneProtoning-current model of the pentalene moleculePhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAb initioGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronchemistry.chemical_compoundParamagnetismchemistryElectromagnetic shieldingPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsCurrent densityRing currentChemical Physics Letters
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A pharmacological approach to gastric acid inhibition.

2005

Proton pump inhibitors have changed our approach to gastric acid-related diseases. They are much more potent acid inhibitors than H2-antagonists and exhibit a sophisticated mechanism of action. The present review analyses the general pharmacology of proton pump inhibitors and differentiates the specific characteristics of the various compounds that belong to this family. Special emphasis has been placed in describing the clinical implications of such differences and the potential importance for adverse effects.

Peptic UlcerChemistrymedicine.drug_classPharmacology toxicologyProton-pump inhibitorProton Pump InhibitorsAnti-Ulcer AgentsGastric AcidBiochemistryMechanism of actionmedicineGastric acidHumansPharmacology (medical)medicine.symptomAdverse effectDrugs
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