Search results for "Proton"

showing 10 items of 5886 documents

Multi-line NIR-RGB emission in Nd:LiNbO3 RPE optical waveguides

2007

Simultaneous generation of four spectral emission lines has been achieved in Nd-doped lithium niobate reverse proton exchange optical waveguide cavities. Using a pump at 800 nm, the four lines were found and they are due to lasing at 1.3735 combined with parametric conversion at 0.687, 0.574 and 0.4 mum.

PhotoluminescenceMaterials scienceProtonbusiness.industryLithium niobatechemistry.chemical_elementNeodymiumion exchange lithium compounds neodymium optical pumping optical waveguides photoluminescenceSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaOptical pumpingchemistry.chemical_compoundOpticschemistryRGB color modelElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessLasing thresholdLine (formation)
researchProduct

The PANDA DIRC Detectors at FAIR

2017

The PANDA detector at the international accelerator Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research in Europe (FAIR) addresses fundamental questions of hadron physics. An excellent hadronic particle identification (PID) will be accomplished by two DIRC (Detection of Internally Reflected Cherenkov light) counters in the target spectrometer. The design for the barrel region covering polar angles between 22 deg. to 140 deg. is based on the successful BABAR DIRC with several key improvements, such as fast photon timing and a compact imaging region. The novel Endcap Disc DIRC will cover the smaller forward angles between 5 deg. (10 deg.) to 22 deg. in the vertical (horizontal) direction. Both DIRC coun…

PhotomultiplierPhotonPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesParticle identification030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticsDetection of internally reflected Cherenkov light0103 physical sciencesNuclear ExperimentInstrumentationMathematical PhysicsPhysicsSpectrometer010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryDetectorInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Facility for Antiproton and Ion ResearchMicrochannel plate detectorHigh Energy Physics::Experimentbusiness
researchProduct

Time imaging reconstruction for the PANDA Barrel DIRC

2020

The innovative Barrel DIRC (Detection of Internally Reflected Cherenkov light) counter will provide hadronic particle identification (PID) in the central region of the PANDA experiment at the new Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR), Darmstadt, Germany. This detector is designed to separate charged pions and kaons with at least 3 standard deviations for momenta up to 3.5 GeV/c, covering the polar angle range of 22$^{\circ}$-140$^{\circ}$. An array of microchannel plate photomultiplier tubes is used to detect the location and arrival time of the Cherenkov photons with a position resolution of 2 mm and time precision of about 100 ps. The time imaging reconstruction has been develop…

PhotomultiplierPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesParticle identification030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticsDetection of internally reflected Cherenkov light0103 physical sciencesNuclear ExperimentInstrumentationMathematical PhysicsCherenkov radiationPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryDetectorReconstruction algorithmInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Facility for Antiproton and Ion ResearchMicrochannel plate detectorHigh Energy Physics::Experimentbusiness
researchProduct

Power saturation of ESR signal in ammonium tartrate exposed to 60Co gamma-ray photons, electrons and protons.

2006

Abstract Marrale, M., Brai, M., Triolo, A., Bartolotta, A. and D'Oca, M. C. Power Saturation of ESR Signal in Ammonium Tartrate Exposed to 60Co γ-Ray Photons, Electrons and Protons. Radiat. Res. 166, 802–809 (2006). In this paper we present an investigation of the electron spin resonance (ESR) line shape of ammonium tartrate (AT) dosimeters exposed to radiation with different linear energy transfer (LET). We exposed our dosimeters to γ-ray photons (60Co), 7 MeV and 14 MeV initial energy electrons, and 19.3 MeV initial energy protons. The differences in the power saturation behavior of ESR spectra of AT irradiated with photons, electrons and protons could be correlated to the effective LET o…

PhotonBiophysicsLinear energy transferElectronsElectronRadiationRadiation DosageSensitivity and Specificitylaw.inventionlawRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingLinear Energy TransferIrradiationCobalt RadioisotopesElectron paramagnetic resonanceRadiometrySaturation (magnetic)TartratesPhotonsRadiationDosimeterChemistryElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyReproducibility of ResultsDose-Response Relationship RadiationAmmonium Tartrate 60Co -Ray Photons Electrons and Protons.Gamma RaysAtomic physicsProtonsAlgorithmsRadiation research
researchProduct

Isolated photon production in proton-nucleus collisions at forward rapidity

2018

We calculate isolated photon production at forward rapidities in proton-nucleus collisions in the Color Glass Condensate framework. Our calculation uses dipole cross sections solved from the running coupling Balitsky-Kovchegov equation with an initial condition fit to deep inelastic scattering data. For comparison, we also update the results for the nuclear modification factor for pion production in the same kinematics. We present predictions for future forward RHIC and LHC measurements at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV and $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=8$ TeV.

PhotonNuclear TheoryProton7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesColor-glass condensateHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)coupling constant: energy dependenceDEPENDENCEPIONNuclear Experiment[ PHYS.NUCL ] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th]Brookhaven RHIC CollPhysicsphoton lepton and quark productionLarge Hadron ColliderD+AU COLLISIONSphotonBalitsky-Kovchegov equationP-PB COLLISIONSHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyCERN LHC Colllepton and quark productionLHCphoton: forward production[PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th]FOS: Physical sciencespi: hadroproduction114 Physical sciencesNuclear Theory (nucl-th)Nuclear physicsPiondeep inelastic scatteringquantum chromodynamics0103 physical sciencesRapidity010306 general physicsp nucleus: scatteringta114010308 nuclear & particles physicsCOLOR GLASS CONDENSATEDeep inelastic scatteringHADRON-PRODUCTIONboundary conditionDipolerapidityQCD in nuclear reactions[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]TEV[ PHYS.HPHE ] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]cross section: dipole
researchProduct

Characterization of PTW-31015 PinPoint ionization chambers in photon and proton beams

2018

The increased use of complex forms of radiotherapy using small-field photon and proton beams has invoked a growing interest in the use of micro-ionization chambers. In this study, 48 PTW-TM31015 PinPoint-type micro-ionization chambers that are used in the commissioning and patient specific QA of a proton pencil beam scanning (PBS) delivery system have been characterized in proton and high-energy photon beams. In both beam modalities, the entire set of PinPoint chambers was characterized by imaging them, by evaluating their stability using check source measurements, by experimentally determining the ion recombination, polarity effect and by cross calibrating them in terms of absorbed dose to…

PhotonProton030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticscross-calibrationIonizationProton TherapyCalibrationHumansDosimetryRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingCobalt RadioisotopesRadiometryPencil-beam scanningpolarity effectPinPoint ionization chamberPhysicsPhotonsion recombinationRadiological and Ultrasound Technologybusiness.industryphoton030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCalibrationPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsProtonLaser beam qualityProtonsbusinessRelative Biological EffectivenessBeam (structure)Physics in Medicine & Biology
researchProduct

Transverse extension of partons in the proton probed in the sea-quark range by measuring the DVCS cross section

2019

Physics letters / B B793, 188-194 (2019). doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2019.04.038

Photongeneralized parton distributionmuon: polarizationProtonGeneralized Parton DistributionPartonmeasured [cross section]Proton sizenucl-exmomentum transfer dependence01 natural sciencesCOMPASSSubatomär fysikp: sizeSubatomic Physics[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Nuclear ExperimentMonte CarloQuantum chromodynamicsPhysicsRange (particle radiation)photon: productionGeneralized Parton DistributionsCOMPASS; Deep inelastic scattering; Deeply virtual Compton scattering; Exclusive reactions; Generalized Parton Distributions; Proton size; Quantum chromodynamicsExclusive reactionlcsh:QC1-999transversebeam [muon]Exclusive reactionsslopesize: (transverse)Particle Physics - ExperimentDeep inelastic scatteringQuarkNuclear and High Energy Physicsexclusive reactionslope: (calculated)liquid: target [hydrogen]photon: mediation[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]530Nuclear physicshydrogen: liquid: target0103 physical sciencesddc:530Nuclear Physics - Experiment010306 general physicsbeam: polarizationhep-ex010308 nuclear & particles physicsmuon: beam160 GeV/cmuon p --> muon p photonsize [p]Compton scatteringcross section: measuredCERN SPSDeep inelastic scattering[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]High Energy Physics::ExperimentDeeply virtual Compton scatteringlcsh:PhysicsQuantum chromodynamicsexperimental results
researchProduct

Observation of light-by-light scattering in ultraperipheral Pb+Pb collisions with the ATLAS detector

2019

This Letter describes the observation of the light-by-light scattering process, γγ→γγ, in Pb+Pb collisions at √sNN=5.02  TeV. The analysis is conducted using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.73  nb−1, collected in November 2018 by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. Light-by-light scattering candidates are selected in events with two photons produced exclusively, each with transverse energy EγT>3  GeV and pseudorapidity |ηγ|<2.4, diphoton invariant mass above 6 GeV, and small diphoton transverse momentum and acoplanarity. After applying all selection criteria, 59 candidate events are observed for a background expectation of 12±3 events. The observed excess of events…

Photonheavy ion: scatteringmass spectrum: (2photon)Physics::Instrumentation and Detectorsmeasured [channel cross section]General Physics and Astronomytransverse energy [photon]nucl-ex01 natural sciencesLight scatteringHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Scattering processPseudorapidities[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Invariant massCollisionsNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Nuclear ExperimentNuclear Experimentelastic scattering [photon photon]Physicsphoton: transverse energyproton–proton collisionsLarge Hadron ColliderSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleATLAS:Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Physics: 430::Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431 [VDP]CERN LHC CollPseudorapidityTransverse momentalight-by-light scatteringLHCchannel cross section: measuredParticle Physics - Experimentrelativistic heavy-ion collisionsjets(2photon) [mass spectrum]Transverse energyCiências Naturais::Ciências Físicas530 PhysicsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena:Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais]FOS: Physical sciencesATLAS experimentddc:500.2LHC ATLAS High Energy Physicstransverse momentumplanarity[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Relativistic heavy ions530AcoplanarityNuclear physicsscattering [heavy ion]Delbrück scattering0103 physical sciencesStandard deviationNuclear Physics - Experimentddc:5305020 GeV-cms/nucleonSelection criteria010306 general physicsperipheralCiencias Exactastwo-photon [mass spectrum]Integrated luminosityleadScience & Technologyhep-exrapidity [photon]Scatteringbackground:Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Fysikk: 430::Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431 [VDP]Físicaphoton: rapidityElementary Particles and FieldsHigh Energy Physics::Experimentphoton photon: elastic scatteringmass spectrum: two-photonexperimental results
researchProduct

"Table 4" of "Measurement of exclusive $\gamma\gamma\rightarrow W^+W^-$ production and search for exclusive Higgs boson production in $pp$ collisions…

2018

Expected allowed ranges for 8 dimensional aQGC, no cutoff).

Photon-Photon ScatteringP P --&gt; H --&gt; WW (exclusive)8000.0W Pair ProductionProton-Proton ScatteringAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaP P --&gt; gamma gamma --&gt; WWExclusiveCross SectionSIGDiffraction
researchProduct

"Table 2" of "Measurement of exclusive $\gamma\gamma\rightarrow W^+W^-$ production and search for exclusive Higgs boson production in $pp$ collisions…

2018

Expected allowed ranges for 6 dimensional aQGCs, no cutoff).

Photon-Photon ScatteringP P --&gt; H --&gt; WW (exclusive)8000.0W Pair ProductionProton-Proton ScatteringAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaP P --&gt; gamma gamma --&gt; WWExclusiveCross SectionSIGDiffraction
researchProduct