Search results for "Psychiatrie"
showing 10 items of 43 documents
Project DyAdd: Non-linguistic Theories of Dyslexia Predict Intelligence
2020
Two themes have puzzled the research on developmental and learning disorders for decades. First, some of the risk and protective factors behind developmental challenges are suggested to be shared and some are suggested to be specific for a given condition. Second, language-based learning difficulties like dyslexia are suggested to result from or correlate with non-linguistic aspects of information processing as well. In the current study, we investigated how adults with developmental dyslexia or ADHD as well as healthy controls cluster across various dimensions designed to tap the prominent non-linguistic theories of dyslexia. Participants were 18–55-year-old adults with dyslexia (n = 36), …
ADHD and DAT1: Further evidence of paternal over-transmission of risk alleles and haplotype
2010
Contains fulltext : 87259.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) We [Hawi et al. (2005); Am J Hum Genet 77:958-965] reported paternal over-transmission of risk alleles in some ADHD-associated genes. This was particularly clear in the case of the DAT1 3'-UTR VNTR. In the current investigation, we analyzed three new sample comprising of 1,248 ADHD nuclear families to examine the allelic over-transmission of DAT1 in ADHD. The IMAGE sample, the largest of the three-replication samples, provides strong support for a parent of origin effect for allele 6 and the 10 repeat allele (intron 8 and 3'-UTR VNTR, respectively) of DAT1. In addition, a similar pattern of over-transmission of paternal ri…
Candidate genetic pathways for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show association to hyperactive/impulsive symptoms in children with AD…
2013
Item does not contain fulltext OBJECTIVE: Because multiple genes with small effect sizes are assumed to play a role in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) etiology, considering multiple variants within the same analysis likely increases the total explained phenotypic variance, thereby boosting the power of genetic studies. This study investigated whether pathway-based analysis could bring scientists closer to unraveling the biology of ADHD. METHOD: The pathway was described as a predefined gene selection based on a well-established database or literature data. Common genetic variants in pathways involved in dopamine/norepinephrine and serotonin neurotransmission and genes involv…
Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
2010
Contains fulltext : 87688.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) OBJECTIVE: Although twin and family studies have shown attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to be highly heritable, genetic variants influencing the trait at a genome-wide significant level have yet to be identified. As prior genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have not yielded significant results, we conducted a meta-analysis of existing studies to boost statistical power. METHOD: We used data from four projects: a) the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP); b) phase I of the International Multicenter ADHD Genetics project (IMAGE); c) phase II of IMAGE (IMAGE II); and d) the Pfizer-funded study from the…
Population differences in the International Multi-Centre ADHD Gene Project.
2008
Contains fulltext : 71443.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) The International Multi-Centre ADHD Gene sample consists of 674 families from eight countries (Belgium, England, Germany, Holland, Ireland, Israel, Spain, and Switzerland) ascertained from clinics for combined-type attention definity hyperactivity disorder in an offspring. 863 SNPs were successfully genotyped across 47 autosomal genes implicated in psychiatric disorders yielding a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) density of approximately one SNP per 2.5 kb. A global test of heterogeneity showed 269 SNPs nominally significant (expected 43). Inclusion of the Israeli population accounted for approximately 70% of these nom…
‘An apple a day’?: Psychiatrists, psychologists and psychotherapists report poor literacy for nutritional medicine: international survey spanning 52 …
2021
Nutritional interventions have beneficial effects on certain psychiatric disorder symptomatology and common physical health comorbidities. However, studies evaluating nutritional literacy in mental health professionals (MHP) are scarce. This study aimed to assess the across 52 countries. Surveys were distributed via colleagues and professional societies. Data were collected regarding self-reported general nutrition knowledge, nutrition education, learning opportunities, and the tendency to recommend food supplements or prescribe specific diets in clinical practice. In total, 1056 subjects participated in the study: 354 psychiatrists, 511 psychologists, 44 psychotherapists, and 147 MHPs in-t…
DSM-IV Combined Type ADHD Shows Familial Association With Sibling Trait Scores
2008
Contains fulltext : 69060.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a discrete clinical syndrome characterized by the triad of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity in the context of marked impairments. Molecular genetic studies have been successful in identifying genetic variants associated with ADHD, particularly with DSM-IV inattentive and combined subtypes. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) approaches to linkage and association mapping have yet to be widely used in ADHD research, although twin studies investigating individual differences suggest that genetic liability for ADHD is continuously distributed throughout the population, u…
Association between DRD2/DRD4 interaction and conduct disorder: a potential developmental pathway to alcohol dependence
2013
1 Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil 2 King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, MRC Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, London, United Kingdom, UK 3 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany 4 Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands 5 Psychology Department, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore 6 Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition an…
Le rôle de la traduction dans l’échange des connaissances psychiatriques au XIXe siècle à travers Philippe Pinel (1745-1826)
2019
L’objet de notre étude est de situer l’œuvre de Philippe Pinel (1745-1826) : Traité médico-philosophique sur l’aliénation mentale ou la manie, publié en 1801, dans l’histoire de la psychiatrie française et espagnole. Après un rapide rappel de ce qu’était le traitement de la folie depuis l’Antiquité jusqu’au XIXe siècle pour mieux juger de l’importance de Pinel, nous analysons les répercussions de ce traité, non seulement en France mais aussi en Espagne où il fut introduit grâce à la traduction de Luis Guarnerio y Allavena, Tratado médico-filosófico de la enagenación del alma o manía, publiée en 1804. La prise en compte de ces textes permet de configurer, dans une certaine mesure, l’image de…
Genome-wide association scan of quantitative traits for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder identifies novel associations and confirms candidate…
2008
Contains fulltext : 70192.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a complex condition with environmental and genetic etiologies. Up to this point, research has identified genetic associations with candidate genes from known biological pathways. In order to identify novel ADHD susceptibility genes, 600,000 SNPs were genotyped in 958 ADHD proband-parent trios. After applying data cleaning procedures we examined 429,981 autosomal SNPs in 909 family trios. We generated six quantitative phenotypes from 18 ADHD symptoms to be used in genome-wide association analyses. With the PBAT screening algorithm, we identified 2 SNPs, rs6565113 and rs5526…