Search results for "Psychosis"
showing 10 items of 324 documents
Abnormal motor asymmetry only during bimanual movement in schizophrenic patients compared with healthy subjects.
2003
In schizophrenia, research on motor asymmetry has focused on the direction and the degree of handedness using unimanual motor tests and tasks. However, typically both hands collaborate in the production of most manual movements. This study explored motor asymmetry exhibited during unimanual and bimanual tasks in schizophrenic and healthy subjects using a new experimental motor battery. Specifically, the authors investigated the motor indices of laterality during finger-tapping and hand-turning tasks in four unimanual and four bimanual conditions in 84 schizophrenic and 31 healthy subjects, all right-handed. The schizophrenic patients showed reduced motor asymmetries only during bimanual tap…
Primary enduring negative symptoms in schizophrenia and major depression.
1995
Abstract Primary enduring negative symptoms (PENS) were studied in 26 patients with DSM-III-R schizophrenia and in 94 patients with unipolar major depressive episodes 5 years after the index episode. PENS were assessed with the Schedule for Deficit Syndrome (SDS). Negative symptoms were also assessed with the Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) and subclassified into primary and secondary according to the SDS. The frequency of PENS did not differ significantly between schizophrenics and non-schizophrenic patients. Enduring negative symptoms (regardless of whether primary or not) were more frequently observed in schizophrenia (65% according to the SDS, and 88% according to the S…
Psychiatric and neurological symptoms in patients with Niemann-Pick disease type C (NP-C): Findings from the International NPC Registry
2017
Objectives: Niemann-Pick disease type C (NP-C) is a rare inherited neurovisceral disease that should be recognised by psychiatrists as a possible underlying cause of psychiatric abnormalities. This...
Failure to find association between childhood abuse and cognition in first-episode psychosis patients
2012
AbstractThis study investigated the relationship between severe childhood abuse and cognitive functions in first-episode psychosis patients and geographically-matched controls. Reports of any abuse were associated with lower scores in the executive function domain in the control group. However, in contrast with our hypothesis, no relationships were found amongst cases.
The structure and correlates of self-injurious behavior in an institutional setting
2001
The prevalence of self-injurious behavior (SIB) in an institution for people with mental retardation was investigated. The relationship between SIB and age, sex, level of retardation, length of institutionalization, adaptive behavior, and probable causes of mental retardation was examined. A factor analysis on the topographies of SIB indicated the existence of two forms of SIB, stereotyped and social. The results are discussed in terms of probable causes of SIB.
EPA-1417 – Migration history and first episode psychosis: Results from EUGEI project- Italy
2014
The excess of psychosis among migrants and ethnic minorities is a well defined phenomenon in North Europe, while it should be still demonstrated in south Europe. Because of the variation in prevalence and distribution of risk factors in different national contexts, similar studies in different countries are needed to test the hypotheses and to ensure the generalizability of the findings. Moreover, available studies have been mostly focused on risk factors of psychosis during the post migration phase (such as ethnic fragmentation, unemployment, etc) and among well established ethnic minorities (second and further generations of migrants). In Italy, first generation migrants are still the lar…
Brief cognitive assessment instruments in schizophrenia and bipolar patients, and healthy control subjects: A comparison study between the Brief Cogn…
2011
Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia and psychosis is ubiquitous and acknowledged as a core feature of clinical expression, pathophysiology, and prediction of functioning. However, assessment of cognitive functioning is excessively time-consuming in routine practice, and brief cognitive instruments specific to psychosis would be of value. Two screening tools have recently been created to address this issue, i.e., the Brief Cognitive Assessment Tool for Schizophrenia (B-CATS) and the Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (SCIP). The aim of this research was to examine the comparative validity of these two brief instruments in relation to a global cognitive score. 161 patients with p…
Better IQ but worse Premorbid Academic Adjustment in cannabis-users psychotic patients: another brick in the intuition
2016
Purpose: several studies report that patients with psychosis who used cannabis in their lifetime have a better cognitive performance than those who did not and this association is most likely due to a better premorbid functioning. We aimed to test the hypothesis of a better premorbid functioning in First Episode Psychosis (FEP) cannabis-using and non-using patients coming from different European countries. Materials and Methods: 1.745 people (746 cases; 999 healthy controls) completed the assessment for Intellectual Quotient (IQ) (WAIS-brief version) premorbid adjustment (Premorbid Adjustment Scale – PAS) and cannabis use (CEQ-Revised). We first obtained two main factors from PAS: “Premorbi…
Age of onset of Cannabis use and cognitive function in first-episode non-affective psychosis patients: Outcome at three-year follow-up
2018
In recent years, the effects of cannabis use on cognitive functions in patients with psychosis have been widely studied. Recently, special emphasis has been placed on the impact of age at the onset of consumption on cognition in these patients.349 patients with a first episode of non-affective psychosis were studied. Patients were classified as cannabis users and non-users. Users were divided, according to their age when they began using cannabis, into: early-onset (age 16) and late-onset (age ≥ 16) users. Differences between groups at baseline were studied based on sociodemographic, clinical, and cognitive variables. The groups were longitudinally (3-year) compared on cognitive variables.…
The Open Dialogue Approach to Acute Psychosis: Its Poetics and Micropolitics
2003
In Finland, a network-based, language approach to psychiatric care has emerged, called "Open Dialogue." It draws on Bakhtin's dialogical principles (Bakhtin, 1984) and is rooted in a Batesonian tradition. Two levels of analysis, the poetics and the micropolitics, are presented. The poetics include three principles: "tolerance of uncertainty," "dialogism," and "polyphony in social networks." A treatment meeting shows how these poetics operate to generate a therapeutic dialogue. The micropolitics are the larger institutional practices that support this way of working and are part of Finnish Need-Adapted Treatment. Recent research suggests that Open Dialogue has improved outcomes for young peo…