Search results for "Public Health."
showing 10 items of 5127 documents
2020
Background The COVID-19 pandemic triggered vast governmental lockdowns. The impact of these lockdowns on mental health is inadequately understood. On the one hand such drastic changes in daily routines could be detrimental to mental health. On the other hand, it might not be experienced negatively, especially because the entire population was affected. Methods The aim of this study was to determine mental health outcomes during pandemic induced lockdowns and to examine known predictors of mental health outcomes. We therefore surveyed n = 9,565 people from 78 countries and 18 languages. Outcomes assessed were stress, depression, affect, and wellbeing. Predictors included country, sociodemog…
Messages beyond the phone: Processing variable message signs while attending hands-free phone calls.
2021
We examined the effects of different types of cognitive distraction coming from a hands-free phone conversation on the processing of information provided by variable message signs (VMS), on driving performance indicators, and on a physiological index of mental effort (heart rate). Participants drove a route in a driving simulator and had to respond to VMS messages under three conditions: no-distraction, visuospatial distraction (attending phone calls with questions inducing visuospatial processing), and conceptual distraction (attending phone calls with questions requiring semantic memory). Results showed more errors responding to VMS messages in the visuospatial distraction condition. In a…
Would New Zealand adolescents cycle to school more if allowed to cycle without a helmet?
2018
Abstract Introduction The effectiveness of bicycle helmet use in preventing head injuries has been well documented. Mandatory helmet-use legislation is present in multiple countries including New Zealand. However, studies examining the correlates of adolescents' perception that they would cycle to school more often if helmet legislation was repealed are scant. This study examined these correlates in a sample of New Zealand adolescents. Methods Adolescents (n = 774; age: 13–18 years) from all 12 secondary schools in Dunedin, New Zealand, completed an online questionnaire about their cycling to school and cycling in general behaviours and perceptions and opinions about bicycle helmet use as a…
Spatial analysis of traffic accidents near and between road intersections in a directed linear network.
2019
Although most of the literature on traffic safety analysis has been developed over areal zones, there is a growing interest in using the specific road structure of the region under investigation, which is known as a linear network in the field of spatial statistics. The use of linear networks entails several technical complications, ranging from the accurate location of traffic accidents to the definition of covariates at a spatial micro-level. Therefore, the primary goal of this study was to display a detailed analysis of a dataset of traffic accidents recorded in Valencia (Spain), which were located into a linear network representing more than 30 km of urban road structure corresponding t…
Investigation of the consequences of the modifiable areal unit problem in macroscopic traffic safety analysis: A case study accounting for scale and …
2019
Abstract Traffic safety analysis at the macroscopic level usually relies on previously defined areal traffic analysis zones (TAZs) that are used as the units of investigation. Hence, statistical inference is made on the basis of such units, implying that the consideration of a certain TAZ configuration may influence the results and conclusions achieved. Regarding this, the modifiable areal unit problem (MAUP) is a well-known issue in the field of spatial statistics, which refers to the effects that arise in statistical properties and estimations when there is a change in areal units of analysis. In this paper, the consequences of MAUP have been investigated through a dataset of traffic cras…
Socio-demographic, personal, environmental and behavioral correlates of different modes of transportation to work among Norwegian parents
2016
Abstract Background Cycling and brisk-walking to work represents an opportunity to incorporate sustainable transport related moderate- to- vigorous physical activity (MVPA) into daily routine among adults, and thus, may make an important contributing to health. Despite the fact that walking and cycling is an option for many commuters and also brings a number of benefits, a considerable proportion of commuters choose to use other means of transport when cycling and walking would be a highly appropriate transport mode. The object of this study was to assess the associations between modes of commuting to the workplace among parental adults; taking socio-demographic, personal, environmental and…
sj-pdf-1-tai-10.1177_2049936121998562 – Supplemental material for Personal protective equipment use by healthcare workers in intensive care unit duri…
2021
Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-tai-10.1177_2049936121998562 for Personal protective equipment use by healthcare workers in intensive care unit during the early phase of COVID-19 pandemic in Italy: a secondary analysis of the PPE-SAFE survey by Mariachiara Ippolito, Mahesh Ramanan, Davide Bellina, Giulia Catalisano, Pasquale Iozzo, Andrea Di Guardo, Alessandra Moscarelli, Giacomo Grasselli, Antonino Giarratano, Matteo Bassetti, Alexis Tabah and Andrea Cortegiani in Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease
sj-pdf-2-tai-10.1177_2049936121998562 – Supplemental material for Personal protective equipment use by healthcare workers in intensive care unit duri…
2021
Supplemental material, sj-pdf-2-tai-10.1177_2049936121998562 for Personal protective equipment use by healthcare workers in intensive care unit during the early phase of COVID-19 pandemic in Italy: a secondary analysis of the PPE-SAFE survey by Mariachiara Ippolito, Mahesh Ramanan, Davide Bellina, Giulia Catalisano, Pasquale Iozzo, Andrea Di Guardo, Alessandra Moscarelli, Giacomo Grasselli, Antonino Giarratano, Matteo Bassetti, Alexis Tabah and Andrea Cortegiani in Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease
Case Management for Depression by Health Care Assistants in Small Primary Care Practices
2009
BACKGROUND: Case management by health care assistants in small primary care practices provides unclear benefit for improving depression symptoms. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether case management provided by health care assistants in small primary care practices is more effective than usual care in improving depression symptoms and process of care for patients with major depression. DESIGN: Cluster randomized, controlled trial. A central automated system generated the randomization scheme, which was stratified by urban and rural practices; allocation sequence was concealed until groups were assigned. SETTING: 74 small primary care practices in Germany from April 2005 to September 2007. PATIEN…
sj-pdf-1-njn-10.1177_20571585211029857 - Supplemental material for Nursing students’ professional identity development: An integrative review
2021
Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-njn-10.1177_20571585211029857 for Nursing students’ professional identity development: An integrative review by Grete Vabo, Åshild Slettebø and Mariann Fossum in Nordic Journal of Nursing Research