Search results for "Public"
showing 10 items of 12516 documents
Social engagement from childhood to middle age and the effect of childhood socio-economic status on middle age social engagement: results from the Na…
2016
ABSTRACTSocial engagement has powerful effects on wellbeing, but variation in individual engagement throughout the lifecourse is wide. The trajectories may differ by gender and be affected by socio-economic status (SES). However, long-term development of social engagement is little studied and the effect of childhood SES on later-life social engagement remains obscure. We aimed to describe the social engagement development from childhood to middle age by gender and test the effect of childhood SES on middle age social engagement. Data (N=16,440, 51.3% male) are drawn from the on-going National Child Development Study, following British babies born in 1958. Social engagement was measured by …
Possibilities for Intervention in Domestic Violence: Frame Analysis of Health Care Professionals’ Attitudes
2014
ABSTRACT. Violence is a serious problem, and social and health care providers are in a key position for implementing successful interventions. This qualitative study of 6 focus groups with professionals (n = 30) examines the health care professionals’ ways of framing a domestic violence intervention. Of special interest here is how professionals see their own roles in the process of recognizing and helping victims of domestic violence. By using Erving Goffman's frame analysis, this study identifies several frames that either: a) emphasize the obstacles to intervention and justify nonintervention, or on the contrary, b) question these obstacles and find justifications for intervention. The p…
Public Aid and its Allocation in Social Cooperatives in Opole Province
2017
Public aid is popularly acknowledged to be a significant source of improving the competitive position of companies in the market. Regarding the sphere of functioning of social cooperatives, appropriately addressed public aid is rightly expected to play a vital role. The article presents the forms and allocations of public aid dedicated to social cooperatives located in Opole Province. The analysis is of the descriptive character, with the use of quantitative approach. Taking account of the subject of the research, it was decided to draw relevant data from official registers, use information available in the system of public statistics and legal acts. Reaching for registered sources of data …
National Policies that Connect ICT-Based Education Reform to Economic and Social Development
2005
Information and communication technology (ICT) is a principal driver of economic development and social change, worldwide. In many countries, the need for economic and social development is used to justify investments in educational reform and in educational ICT. Yet the connections between national development goals and ICT-based education reform are often more rhetorical than programmatic. This paper identifies the factors that influence economic growth and shows how they supported economic and social development in three national case studies: Singapore, Finland, and Egypt. It describes a systemic framework of growth factors and types of development that can be used to analyze national p…
Between-group competition and human cooperation.
2008
A distinctive feature of human behaviour is the widespread occurrence of cooperation among unrelated individuals. Explaining the maintenance of costly within-group cooperation is a challenge because the incentive to free ride on the efforts of other group members is expected to lead to decay of cooperation. However, the costs of cooperation can be diminished or overcome when there is competition at a higher level of organizational hierarchy. Here we show that competition between groups resolves the paradigmatic ‘public goods’ social dilemma and increases within-group cooperation and overall productivity. Further, group competition intensifies the moral emotions of anger and guilt associated…
RECONSIDERING THE FUNDING SOURCES FOR THE HEALTH SYSTEM IN ROMANIA
2010
An optimal health system must ensure that all citizens have free access to medical services, and to determine the effective use of funds. We therefore reach the conclusion that the health financing system that best meets the optimal criteria is the public one. We believe that a system of public health funding should be based not only on contributions, but also on funding from the state budget; therefore it should combine the two public sources. If it were based solely on contributions, then the earnings should be volatile towards the economic cyclicality, and would not ensure the fiscal sustainability of the system. The private health financing system should be based on private insurances, …
Social Inequalities and the Reform of Romanian Public Pension System by Law no. 127/2019
2019
Social protection system had developed in order to ensure the protection of the citizens, but also to maintain the economic growth of the country. The importance of the pension system is given by its social purpose, which is poverty alleviation, adequacy of income and consumption smoothing at retirement. In countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the income inequalities – main cause of poverty, had increased with the economic development. The aim of this paper is to show the changes brought to Romanian public pension system by the Law no. 127/2019 regarding the provided benefits vis-à-vis of social inequalities existing among elderly people.
Utilizing ICT to prevent loneliness and social isolation of the elderly. A literature review
2016
Ageing of the population is a worldwide phenomenon. Numerous ICT-based solutions have been developed for elderly care but mainly connected to the physiological and nursing aspects in services for the elderly. Social work is a profession that should pay attention to the comprehensive wellbeing and social needs of the elderly. Many people experience loneliness and depression in their old age, either as a result of living alone or due to a lack of close family ties and reduced connections with their culture of origin, which results in an inability to participate actively in community activities (Singh & Misra, 2009). Participation in society would enhance the quality of life. With the deve…
The Role of Social Media Influencers in Public Health Communication: Case COVID-19 Pandemic
2022
During public health crises, public organizations face a variety of strategic communication challenges, and the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 is an extreme example. In Finland, the Prime Minister’s Office initiated a communication campaign that utilized social media influencers to communicate timely instructions regarding the pandemic. However, it is uncertain how social media influencers adapt to briefings of public organizations given that they typically work with brands that align with their own interests and expertise, which rarely is epidemiology. We use the two-step flow of communication model and social influence theory to analyze research data that consisted of 96 Instag…
Newspapers and Cross-Level Communications on Social Media : A comparative study of Japan, Korea, and Finland
2017
In order to examine how the same types of social media are perceived and utilized in different national contexts for journalism and news media, we studied mainstream newspapers in three countries where both newspapers and social media are viable: Japan, Korea, and Finland. Our in-depth interviews with journalists indicate both similarities and differences in the three countries. The most outstanding similarity is that newspapers have not fully incorporated cross-level communications available on social media platforms. Factors related to organizational structures, goals, policies, and procedures served as filters for the incorporation of social media into the news production and distributio…