Search results for "Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"

showing 10 items of 1498 documents

Use of Helmet CPAP in COVID-19 – A practical review

2021

Helmet CPAP (H-CPAP) has been recommended in many guidelines as a noninvasive respiratory support during COVID-19 pandemic in many countries around the world. It has the least amount of particle dispersion and air contamination among all noninvasive devices and may mitigate the ICU bed shortage during a COVID surge as well as a decreased need for intubation/mechanical ventilation. It can be attached to many oxygen delivery sources. The MaxVenturi setup is preferred as it allows for natural humidification, low noise burden, and easy transition to HFNC during breaks and it is the recommended transport set-up. The patients can safely be proned with the helmet. It can also be used to wean the p…

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyARDSCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)medicine.medical_treatmentEconomic shortageReviewRespiratory failureAir contamination03 medical and health sciencesDiseases of the respiratory system0302 clinical medicineMedicineIntubationHumans030212 general & internal medicineIntensive care medicineMechanical ventilationHelmetNoninvasive VentilationRC705-779Continuous Positive Airway Pressurebusiness.industrySARS-CoV-2Oxygen Inhalation TherapyCOVID-19medicine.diseaseLow noise030228 respiratory systemRespiratory failureHead Protective DevicesARDSNon-invasive mechanical ventilationbusinessRespiratory InsufficiencyVentilator WeaningPulmonology
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Exploring Associations Between Respiratory Mechanics and Survival in Immunocompromised Patients With ARDS.

2020

Thanks to improvements in organ support strategies and to advances in the treatment of solid and hematological tumors, outcome of immunocompromised patients requiring ICU admission has improved impressively over the last decade . For this reason, the number of immunocompromised patients admitted to the ICU and deemed candidates for invasive therapies is steadily increasing. Acute respiratory failure (ARF) is the leading cause of hospital and ICU admission, but the optimal first-line reatment of respiratory failure in these patients remains to be determined

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyARDSRespiratory Distress Syndromebusiness.industryimmonocompromisedRespiratory physiologyCritical Care and Intensive Care Medicinemedicine.diseasePositive-Pressure RespirationImmunocompromised HostmedicineRespiratory MechanicsHumansARDSCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineIntensive care medicinebusinessChest
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Authors' reply-multi-organ ultrasonography: a stethoscope for the body

2018

We read with great interest the letter from Sakka et al . (1) commenting our article (2) on comprehensive haemodynamic monitoring in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and traumatic brain injury (TBI). We agree with the authors that haemodynamic monitoring has to be implemented in patients with ARDS complicating TBI.

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyARDSStethoscopeTraumatic brain injurybusiness.industryHaemodynamic monitoringAcute respiratory distressmedicine.diseaseMulti organnervous system diseaseslaw.inventionlawmedicineIn patientUltrasonographyIntensive care medicinebusiness
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Acute respiratory distress syndrome in traumatic brain injury: how do we manage it?

2017

Abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. TBI patients frequently suffer from lung complications and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Moreover, the association between TBI and ARDS in trauma patients is well recognized. Mechanical ventilation of patients with a concomitance of acute brain injury and lung injury can present significant challenges. Frequently, guidelines recommending management strategies for patients with traumatic brain injuries come into conflict with what is now considered best ventilator practice. In this review, we will explore the strategies of the best …

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyARDSTraumatic brain injurymedicine.medical_treatmentReview ArticleLung injury03 medical and health sciencesAcute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); Extra corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); Positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP); Traumatic brain injury (TBI); Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine0302 clinical medicineTraumatic brain injury (TBI); acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); extra corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP)medicineExtracorporeal membrane oxygenationTraumatic brain injury (TBI)Intensive care medicinePositive end-expiratory pressureMechanical ventilationpositive end expiratory pressure (PEEP)Lungbusiness.industryextra corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)030208 emergency & critical care medicinemedicine.diseaseProne positionmedicine.anatomical_structurebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryJournal of thoracic disease
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Lung Ultrasound for Daily Monitoring and Management of ARDS Patients

2019

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyARDSbusiness.industryMedicineRadiologyCritical Care and Intensive Care Medicinebusinessmedicine.diseaseLung ultrasoundClinical Pulmonary Medicine
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Exercise ECG Testing and Stress Cardiac Magnetic Resonance for Risk Prediction in Patients With Chronic Coronary Syndrome

2021

Vasodilator stress cardiac magnetic resonance (VS-CMR) has become crucial in the workup of patients with known or suspected chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). Whether traditional exercise ECG testing (ExECG) contributes prognostic information beyond VS-CMR is unclear.We retrospectively included 288 patients with known or suspected CCS who had undergone ExECG and subsequent VS-CMR in our institution. Clinical, ExECG, and VS-CMR variables were recorded. We defined the serious adverse events (SAE) as a combined endpoint of acute coronary syndrome, admission for heart failure, or all-cause death.During a mean follow-up of 4.2 ± 2.15 yr, we registered 27 SAE (15 admissions for acute coronary syndr…

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyAcute coronary syndromeMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyVasodilator stressCoronary Artery DiseaseRisk AssessmentElectrocardiographyPredictive Value of TestsRisk FactorsInternal medicineHumansMedicineExercise ecgIn patientAdverse effectRetrospective Studiesbusiness.industryRehabilitationPrognosismedicine.diseaseHeart failurecardiovascular systemCardiologyCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessCardiac magnetic resonancePerfusionJournal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention
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A simple noninvasive pressure–time index at the mouth to measure respiratory load during acute exacerbation of COPD A comparison with normal voluntee…

2003

We assessed the validity of the pressure-time index (PTI) measured at the mouth as a noninvasive and simplified alternative to conventional tension-time index for assessing respiratory load and inspiratory muscle force reserve. PTI was measured within 48 h of hospital admission and at 24 h before discharge in 37 consecutive patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) using the equation PTI = (P(awo)/MIP)(T(I)/T(T)) 100, where P(awo) is the mean airway pressure measured at the mouth, MIP the maximal inspiratory pressure, and T(I)/T(T) the inspiratory time (T(I)) to total cycle length (T(T)) ratio. Controls were 30 normal volunteers with similar anthropome…

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyAcute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseTime FactorsExacerbationPartial PressureVital CapacityPopulationMean airway pressurechronic obstructive pulmonary diseasePulmonary Disease Chronic ObstructiveForced Expiratory VolumeInternal medicinePressureRespiratory musclemedicineHumansRespiratory systemeducationAgedWork of Breathingeducation.field_of_studyCOPDbusiness.industryRespirationRespiratory diseaseCarbon Dioxidemedicine.diseaseRespiratory MusclesSurgeryOxygenrespiratory muscle fatiguerespiratory loadCardiologyFeasibility StudiesBlood Gas Analysispressure–time indexbusinessRespiratory Medicine
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Comparative bench study evaluation of different infant interfaces for non-invasive ventilation

2018

Abstract Background To compare, in terms of patient-ventilator interaction and performance, a new nasal mask (Respireo, AirLiquide, FR) with the Endotracheal tube (ET) and a commonly used nasal mask (FPM, Fisher and Paykel, NZ) for delivering Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV) in an infant model of Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF). Methods An active test lung (ASL 5000) connected to an infant mannequin through 3 different interfaces (Respireo, ET and FPM), was ventilated with a standard ICU ventilator set in PSV. The test lung was set to simulate a 5.5 kg infant with ARF, breathing at 50 and 60 breaths/min). Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) mode was not used and the leaks were nearly zero. Res…

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyAcute respiratory failure; Bench test; Infant mask; Mechanical ventilation; Non invasive ventilation; Patient-ventilator interactionRespiratory ratemedicine.medical_treatmentPressure support ventilationAcute respiratory failureManikinsBench test03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMechanical ventilationRespiratory Rate030225 pediatricsInternal medicineSettore MED/41 - ANESTESIOLOGIAIntubation IntratrachealTidal VolumeMedicineNon-invasive ventilationHumansTidal volumePatient-ventilator interactionMonitoring PhysiologicWork of BreathingMechanical ventilationlcsh:RC705-779LungNoninvasive Ventilationbusiness.industryMasksInfantNon invasive ventilationlcsh:Diseases of the respiratory systemAcute respiratory failure; Bench test; Infant mask; Mechanical ventilation; Non invasive ventilation; Patient-ventilator interaction; Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.anatomical_structure030228 respiratory systemVolume (thermodynamics)ItalyAcute DiseaseBreathingCardiologyInfant maskbusinessRespiratory InsufficiencyResearch ArticleBMC Pulmonary Medicine
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Effectiveness and safety of concurrent beta-blockers and inhaled bronchodilators in COPD with cardiovascular comorbidities

2017

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the most common chronic respiratory disease and its prevalence is increasing worldwide, in both industrialised and developing countries. Its prevalence is ∼5% in the general population and it is the fourth leading cause of death worldwide. COPD is strongly associated with cardiovascular diseases; in fact, ∼64% of people suffering from COPD are treated for a concomitant cardiovascular disease and approximately one in three COPD patients die as a consequence of cardiovascular diseases.Inhaled bronchodilators might have adverse cardiovascular effects, including ischaemic events and arrhythmias, and beta-blockers might adversely influence the resp…

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyAdrenergic beta-AntagonistsPopulationComorbidityDiseaseRisk AssessmentPulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsAdministration InhalationEpidemiologymedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineeducationIntensive care medicineLungCause of deathlcsh:RC705-779education.field_of_studyCOPDbusiness.industryRespiratory diseaselcsh:Diseases of the respiratory systemmedicine.diseaseComorbidityBronchodilator AgentsTreatment Outcome030228 respiratory systemCardiovascular DiseasesbusinessRisk assessmentEuropean Respiratory Review
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The mutual relationship between heart failure and atrial fibrillation

2020

Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) are evolving epidemies, together responsible for substantial human suffering and health-care expenditure. The simultaneous co-hexistence of the two conditions is associated with mortality rates higher than those observed in individuals with only one or none of them. Patients with concomitant HF and AF suffer from even worse symptoms and poorer prognosis, yet evidence-based evaluation and management of this group of patients is lacking. In this review, we evaluate the common mechanisms for the development of AF in HF patients and vice versa, focusing on the evidence for potential treatment strategies. Recent data have suggested that these patie…

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyAdverse outcomesbusiness.industryMortality ratelcsh:Rheart failurelcsh:MedicineAtrial fibrillationArrhythmia-induced cardiomyopathymedicine.diseaseAtrial fibrillationHeart failure.Risk FactorsHeart failureConcomitantmedicineHumansTreatment strategyBest evidenceCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineIntensive care medicinebusinessHealthcare system
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