Search results for "Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"
showing 10 items of 1498 documents
On-line Italian register for severe/non-controlled asthma
2013
Background Severe/Non-controlled asthma (SNCA) is a crucial challenge for physicians and a socio-economic burden for National Health Services (NHS). In Italy more than 50% of costs for asthma (1-2% of total NHS expenditure) are due to SNCA and moreover, within the European Community Respiratory Health Survey, Italy was the country with the lowest % of ICS daily use (29%) and with the highest % of subjects with uncontrolled asthma despite treatment (67% vs an overall European mean of 47%). Despite few data from very selected centers, in our country a precise estimate of the epidemiological figures and the disease related costs for SNCA is not available. Thus, we aimed at instituting of an on…
Haemoptysis: a frequent diagnostic challenge
2015
We appreciate and agree with the comments of M. Mondoni and colleagues, that the results of the ongoing prospective Italian multicentre trial ([www.ClinicalTrial.gov][1] identifier [NCT02045394][2]) will be of considerable interest for the management of haemoptysis, a frequent and severe symptom, especially since there is no clear consensus concerning aetiology and treatment. Interestingly, beyond determining the prevalence of diseases that may present with haemoptysis, their epidemiological results will be analysed according to the severity of the symptom. More importantly, their trial will hopefully make it possible to analyse the sensitivity and specificity of complementary tests, such a…
Branch ligatures and blood aspiration for post-traumatic superficial temporal artery pseudoaneurysm: surgical technique
2014
The aim of this study is to report a new minimally invasive technique of superficial temporal artery (STA) pseudoaneurysm treatment. Several surgical options have been employed to treat STA pseudoaneurysms. To address this rare condition, the employed techniques are ligation and excision of the aneurysm, endovascular coil embolization or percutaneous ultrasound-guided thrombin injection. Between techniques no significant differences are reported in terms of outcomes. The decision to adopt a technique depends on STA pseudoaneurysm morphology and surgeon preference. In the present report, STA pseudoaneurysm afferent and efferent branches were identified by ultrasound in a 92-year-old female. …
EAN/ERS/ESO/ESRS statement on the impact of sleep disorders on risk and outcome of stroke.
2020
BACKGROUND Sleep disorders are highly prevalent in the general population and may be linked in a bidirectional fashion to stroke, which is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. AIM Four major scientific societies established a task force of experts in neurology, stroke, respiratory medicine, sleep medicine and methodology to critically evaluate the evidence regarding potential links and the impact of therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirteen research questions were evaluated in a systematic literature search using a stepwise hierarchical approach: first, systematic reviews and meta-analyses; second, primary studies post-dating the systematic reviews/meta-analyses. A total of 4…
Tabaquismo en sanitarios. Identificación de factores asociados
1998
The objective of this study was to determine the epidemiology of smoking among health care givers in our setting and to describe their characteristics. We gave an anonymous questionnaire to 566 health care workers in the Valencian Community (248 physicians, 212 nurses and 106 aides). The results were as follows. Physicians: 46.4% were smokers, 25.4% were non smokers and 28.2% were ex-smokers. Most (69.3%) smoked 11 to 20 cigarettes/day. Low scores on Fagerstrom's test were recorded for 93%, and 57.3% have tried to quit smoking more than 5 times. The likelihood of being and ex-smoker increased with age (r = 0.158; p = 0.012) and with the number of attempts to quit (r = 0.170; p = 0.021). Nur…
Moving from the Oslerian paradigm to the postgenomic era: Are asthma and COPD outdated terms?
2016
In the majority of cases, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are two clearly distinct disease entities. However, in some patients there may be significant overlap between the two conditions. This constitutes an important area of concern because these patients are generally excluded from randomised controlled trials (mostly because of smoking history in the case of asthma or because of significant bronchodilator reversibility in the case of COPD). As a result, their pathobiology, prognosis and response to therapy are largely unknown. This may lead to suboptimal management and can limit the development of more personalised therapeutic options. Emerging genetic and molecul…
Zytopathologische Ergussdiagnostik in der berufsgenossenschaftlichen Begutachtung von Asbest-assoziierten malignen Mesotheliomen und Lungenkarzinomen
2014
Pleural effusion often represents the first clinical symptom of lung carcinoma and malignant mesothelioma. As pleural punctation is performed quite early in the diagnostic procedure, effusion cytology frequently gives the first evidence about the presence of tumour cells and tumor histogenesis. In this study, we report on seven cases which were evaluated in our institution for the Employers' Liability Insurance Association, based solely on cytology findings.The mean age of the seven patients with a given long-term asbestos exposure during their working life was 81.7 years. On average eight smears per patient were investigated. In addition to routine cytology, immunocytochemistry, DNA image …
Reliability of automatic detection of AHI during positive airway pressure treatment in obstructive sleep apnea patients: A “real-life study”
2021
Introduction: Automatic event detection (AED) of residual apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) by ventilators is a current practice in sleep and mechanical ventilation Units but this methodology has not been validated in an unselected population of OSA patients. Aim of the present study was to assess in a “real-life” condition the reliability of AED during PAP therapy by the in-built software compared to full polysomnography during follow-up. Methods: We enrolled 300 OSA patients (105 F; AHI 45.3 ± 27.8) already on Positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy: 53% of the patients were on CPAP while other modalities were used in the rest of the sample. Results: Overall, the built-in software identified resi…
Eosinophilic and Noneosinophilic Asthma
2021
Background Phenotypic characteristics of patients with eosinophilic and noneosinophilic asthma are not well characterized in global, real-life severe asthma cohorts. Research Question What is the prevalence of eosinophilic and noneosinophilic phenotypes in the population with severe asthma, and can these phenotypes be differentiated by clinical and biomarker variables? Study Design and Methods This was an historical registry study. Adult patients with severe asthma and available blood eosinophil count (BEC) from 11 countries enrolled in the International Severe Asthma Registry (January 1, 2015-September 30, 2019) were categorized according to likelihood of eosinophilic phenotype using a pre…
Survival and quality of life after early discharge in low-risk pulmonary embolism.
2020
IntroductionEarly discharge of patients with acute low-risk pulmonary embolism requires validation by prospective trials with clinical and quality-of-life outcomes.MethodsThe multinational Home Treatment of Patients with Low-Risk Pulmonary Embolism with the Oral Factor Xa Inhibitor Rivaroxaban (HoT-PE) single-arm management trial investigated early discharge followed by ambulatory treatment with rivaroxaban. The study was stopped for efficacy after the positive results of the predefined interim analysis at 50% of the planned population. The present analysis includes the entire trial population (576 patients). In addition to 3-month recurrence (primary outcome) and 1-year overall mortality, …