Search results for "Pulmonary function testing"
showing 10 items of 112 documents
Recurrent respiratory infections caused by a double aortic arch: The diagnostic role of spirometry
2013
AbstractA young woman with a clinical history characterized by recurrent respiratory infections, occurring since early infancy, was referred to our hospital. When the patient was a young girl, she underwent sweat chloride test, serum analysis of immunoglobulins, and evaluation of blood lymphocyte subsets; all these diagnostic tests were normal, as well as chest X ray aside from pneumonia episodes. Skin prick tests were positive for several different allergens, and a diagnosis of allergic rhinitis was made. At the age of 11 years, she started to complain of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms, and a gastroscopy detected a hiatal hernia with esophagitis. Despite pharmacologic trea…
P121 Characteristics of COPD patients with and without maintenance treatment at baseline, by GOLD stage: TONADO: Abstract P121 Table 1
2015
Rationale The efficacy and safety of the once-daily combination of tiotropium (T), a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA), and olodaterol (O), a long-acting β 2 -agonist (LABA), for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been established. We investigated whether there was a difference in the characteristics of COPD patients with and without baseline maintenance treatment. Methods Two replicate, randomised, 52-week, double-blind, parallel-group, Phase III trials (NCT01431274; NCT01431287; n = 5162) assessed the efficacy and safety of once-daily treatment with T+O (2.5/5 μg; 5/5 μg; Respimat® inhaler) compared to the individual components. Baseline characteristi…
Real-World Multicenter Experience with Mepolizumab and Benralizumab in the Treatment of Uncontrolled Severe Eosinophilic Asthma Over 12 Months
2021
Moritz Z Kayser,1 Nora Drick,1 Katrin Milger,2,3 Jan Fuge,1,4 Nikolaus Kneidinger,2,3 Stephanie Korn,5 Roland Buhl,6 Jürgen Behr,2,3 Tobias Welte,1,4 Hendrik Suhling1 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; 2Department of Medicine V, University Hospital, LMU, Munich, Germany; 3Comprehensive Pneumology Center-Munich (CPCâM), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany; 4Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany; 5Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Mainz, Germany; 6Pulmonary Department, Mainz Universit…
Asthma diagnosis in infants and preschool children: a systematic review of clinical guidelines.
2019
Background and aim: The definition and diagnosis of asthma are the subject of controversy that is particularly intense in the case of individuals in the first years of life, due to reasons such as the difficulty of performing objective pulmonary function tests or the high frequency with which the symptoms subside in the course of childhood. Since there is no consensus regarding the diagnosis of asthma in preschool children, a systematic review has been carried out. Materials and methods: A systematic search was made of the clinical guidelines published in the last 10 years and containing information referred to the concept or diagnosis of asthma in childhood - including the first years of l…
Pulmonale Struktur und Funktion - Hochauflösende und dynamische Computertomographie bei Lungenemphysem und Erkrankungen der Atemwege -
2002
Computed tomography (CT) is the method of choice for the morphological assessment of pulmonary structure. Airways. pulmonary parenchyma and their pathologies are shown with high spatial resolution. Airway diseases exhibit bronchial dilatation, wall thickening and an increased visibility in the lung periphery. CT is also the imaging gold standard for the detection and the characterisation of emphysema because a high degree of concordance with histopathological studies. Centrilobular, panlobular and paraseptal emphysema can be differentiated. CT can also provide functional information. Paired inspiratory and expiratory scans with or without spirometric triggering allow to evaluate obstruction…
Functional Analysis in Single-Lung Transplant Recipients
2004
Objective To develop and evaluate a postprocessing tool to quantify ventilated split-lung volumes on the basis of 3 He-MRI and to apply it in patients after single-lung transplantation (SLTX). High-resolution CT (HRCT) was employed as a reference modality providing split air-filled lung volumes. Lung volumes derived from pulmonary function test results served as clinical parameters and were used as the “gold standard.” Material and methods Eight patients (mean age, 54 years) with emphysema and six patients (mean age, 58 years) with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. All patients were evaluated following SLTX. HRCT was performed during inspiration (slice thickness, 1 mm; increment, 10 mm). For c…
The value of FeNO measurement in childhood asthma: uncertainties and perspectives
2013
Asthma is considered an heterogeneous disease, requiring multiple biomarkers for diagnosis and management. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide in exhaled breath (FeNO) was the first useful non-invasive marker of airway inflammation in asthma and still is the most widely used. The non-invasive nature and the relatively easy use of FeNO technique make it an interesting tool to monitor airway inflammation and rationalize corticosteroid therapy in asthmatic patients, together with the traditional clinical tools (history, physical examination and lung function tests), even if some controversies have been published regarding the use of FeNO to support the management of asthma in children. The problem…
Severe asthma: One disease and multiple definitions
2021
Abstract Introduction There is, so far, no universal definition of severe asthma. This definition usually relies on: number of exacerbations, inhaled therapy, need for oral corticosteroids, and respiratory function. The use of such parameters varies in the different definitions used. Thus, according to the parameters chosen, each patient may result in having severe asthma or not. The aim of this study was to evaluate how the choice of a specific definition of severe asthma can change the allocation of patients. Methods Data collected from the Severe Asthma Network Italy (SANI) registry were analyzed. All the patients included were then reclassified according to the definitions of U-BIOPRED,…
<p>Switch from IL-5 to IL-5-Receptor α Antibody Treatment in Severe Eosinophilic Asthma</p>
2020
Background Anti-IL-5 antibodies represent an established therapy for severe eosinophilic asthma (SEA), but some patients show inadequate response. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of a switch to anti-IL-5Rα therapy in patients with inadequate response to anti-IL-5 therapy. Methods In this retrospective multi-centre, real-life study, we analysed all SEA patients switched from anti-IL-5 to anti-IL-5Rα therapy due to inadequate response or intolerability. Pulmonary function tests, blood gas analyses, asthma control tests (ACT) and oral corticosteroid (OCS) usage were analysed and compared at three timepoints: baseline (BL, before anti-IL-5 therapy), timepoint 1 (T1, under …
Near-normal aerobic capacity in long-term survivors after lung transplantation
2021
The clinical course of lung transplantation (LT) is diverse: some patients present chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) and progressive decline in pulmonary function, but others maintain normal spirometric values and active lives. Objectives The aim of this study was to elucidate whether long-term LT survivors with normal spirometry achieve normal exercise capacity, and to identify predictive factors of exercise capacity. Methods This was a cross-sectional multicentre study, where bilateral LT recipients who survived at least 10 years after LT, with normal spirometry, no diagnosis of CLAD and modified Medical Research Council dyspnoea degree ≤2 underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testin…