Search results for "Quantum Mechanic"

showing 10 items of 2483 documents

Self-dressing in classical and quantum electrodynamics

2003

A short review is presented of the theory of dressed states in nonrelativistic QED, encompassing fully and partially dressed states in atomic physics. This leads to the concept of the reconstruction of the cloud of virtual photons and of self-dressing. Finally some recent results on the classical counterpart of self-dressing are discussed and a comparison is made with the QED case. Attention is drawn to open problems and future lines of research are briefly outlined.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicsbusiness.industryGeneral Physics and AstronomyVirtual particleCloud computingNonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemsQuantum mechanicsQuantum electrodynamicsquantum electrodynamicsPhysics::Atomic Physicsbusinessclassical self-dressingQuantum self-dressing
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Ultracold quantum gases in optical lattices

2005

Artificial crystals of light, consisting of hundreds of thousands of optical microtraps, are routinely created by interfering optical laser beams. These so-called optical lattices act as versatile potential landscapes to trap ultracold quantum gases of bosons and fermions. They form powerful model systems of quantum many-body systems in periodic potentials for probing nonlinear wave dynamics and strongly correlated quantum phases, building fundamental quantum gates or observing Fermi surfaces in periodic potentials. Optical lattices represent a fast-paced modern and interdisciplinary field of research.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicsbusiness.industryOptical physicsPhysics::OpticsGeneral Physics and AstronomyFermionQuantum phasesPhysicistQuantum gateQuantum mechanicsPhotonicsbusinessQuantumBosonNature Physics
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Collective behavior ofMbosonic modes interacting with a single two-level atom

1988

The Hamiltonian describing, without the rotating-wave approximation (RWA), the linear interaction between M bosonic modes with an Einstein spectrum and a single two-level atom is exactly and canonically transformed introducing M suitable collective independent field modes, in such a way that only one among them is coupled to the atom. Some physical consequences of this fact are analyzed and, in particular, the existence of radiation-trapping phenomena together with the possibility of atomic absorption suppression is established. The applicability of the RWA to this system is discussed and the importance of the effective-field statistics for the time evolution of the system is pointed out.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicssymbols.namesakeCollective behaviorQuantum mechanicsAtomsymbolsTime evolutionNonlinear opticsEinsteinHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Physical Review A
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Edwin Power and the birth of dressed atoms

2006

This paper reviews the main results of a twenty year-long international collaborative effort led by the late E.A. Power on the physics of atoms dressed by the vacuum electromagnetic field. The presentation uses the historical, rather than the logical, order of development. This permits one to shed light on the influence of Power's personality and human qualities on the birth and evolution of the notion of the dressed atom, which is central to modern non-relativistic QED.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesPower (social and political)PhysicsTheoretical physicsvirtual photonretardation effects.Quantum mechanicsAtomNonrelativistic quantum electrodynamicGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhysics::Atomic Physics
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Dynamics of a subconstituent picture of weak interactions

1985

We use sum rules in order to discuss the dynamics of the simplest subconstituent model of weak interactions with elementary spin 1/2 fermions and scalar bosons. Vacuum condensates of the scalars play an essential role and lead to features quite different from QCD. With a certain vacuum structure vector dominance of the composite W-mesons is a good approximation, and we also see a clear signal for massless fermions in the two-point function of composite fermions. Thus such a model is in good agreement with standard phenomenology. Composite Higgs particles are also investigated. The effective interaction is evidently of the gauge type.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesQuantum chromodynamicsPhysicsParticle physicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)High Energy Physics::LatticeHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyScalar (mathematics)FermionTheoretical physicsComposite fermionHiggs bosonSum rule in quantum mechanicsEngineering (miscellaneous)Phenomenology (particle physics)BosonZeitschrift f�r Physik C Particles and Fields
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Coherent and squeezed vibrations for discrete variable harmonic oscillators

2009

In this work we study different types of coherent and squeezed states for the Charlier, Kravchuk and Meixner oscillators. We calculate the average values of different observables corresponding to the coherent states. We found that the coherent and squeezed states of the Kravchuk oscillator are unstable. There are also coherent and squeezed states that are similar to the coherent and squeezed states of the harmonic oscillator. We have introduced a discrete variable model for the biophoton coherent radiation, and the coherent thermal and squeezed thermal states. © 2009 Taylor & Francis.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesQuantum opticsPhysicsObservableQuantum Physicsharmonic oscillator coherent statesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsBiophotonVibrationQuantum mechanicsQuantum electrodynamicsThermalCoherent statesHarmonic oscillatorSqueezed coherent stateJournal of Modern Optics
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Simulating quantum-optical phenomena with optical lattices

2011

Cold atoms trapped in optical lattices have been proved to be very versatile quantum systems in which a large class of many-body condensed-matter Hamiltonians can be simulated [1].

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesQuantum opticsPhysicsOptical latticePhotonPhotodetectionOptical microcavitylaw.inventionOptical phenomenaOptical phase spacelawQuantum mechanicsMathematics::Metric GeometryPhysics::Atomic PhysicsQuantumComputer Science::Databases2011 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe and 12th European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO EUROPE/EQEC)
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Pairing in a three-component Fermi gas

2006

We consider pairing in a three-component gas of degenerate fermions. In particular, we solve the finite temperature mean-field theory of an interacting gas for a system where both interaction strengths and fermion masses can be unequal. At zero temperature we find a a possibility of a quantum phase transition between states associated with pairing between different pairs of fermions. On the other hand, finite temperature behavior of the three-component system reveals some qualitative differences from the two-component gas: for a range of parameters it is possible to have two different critical temperatures. The lower one corresponds to a transition between different pairing channels, while …

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesQuantum phase transitionPhysicsPhase transitionCondensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - SuperconductivityDegenerate energy levelsFOS: Physical sciencesFermion01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics010305 fluids & plasmasSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)SuperfluidityMean field theoryPairingQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsFermi gasPhysical Review A
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Dynamical mean-field theory versus second-order perturbation theory for the trapped two-dimensional Hubbard antiferromagnet

2011

In recent literature on trapped ultracold atomic gases, calculations for two-dimensional (2D) systems are often done within the dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT) approximation. In this paper, we compare DMFT to a fully 2D, self-consistent second-order perturbation theory for weak interactions in a repulsive Fermi-Hubbard model. We investigate the role of quantum and of spatial fluctuations when the system is in the antiferromagnetic phase, and find that, while quantum fluctuations decrease drastically the order parameter and critical temperatures, spatial fluctuations only play a noticeable role when the system undergoes a phase transition, or at phase boundaries in the trap. We conclude f…

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesQuantum phase transitionPhysicsPhase transitionCondensed matter physicsOrder (ring theory)Condensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPhase (matter)Quantum mechanicsAntiferromagnetismCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsPerturbation theoryQuantumQuantum fluctuationPhysical Review B
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Beyond the dilute Bose gas

2006

Abstract We discuss problems of three dimensional Bose gases in interaction but non-dilute. We then use the theory of a “weakly interacting” Bose gas recently analyzed as an attempt to obtain further insights into non-dilute systems. In particular, we develop the theory with additional remarks, discussions and a slight modification. The article concludes with a much more detailed analysis of the Bose condensate depletion, as well as a study of the two-fluid model of Tisza and Landau: the coexistence of normal and superfluid liquids at sufficiently low temperatures. In fact, even if it is based on one debatable hypothesis, this non-dilute gas qualitatively leads, up to Landau's “ T 4 law”, t…

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesStatistics and ProbabilityPhysicsCondensed matter physicsBose gasLiquid heliumCondensationchemistry.chemical_elementCondensed Matter Physicslaw.inventionSuperfluiditychemistrylawQuantum mechanicsThermalBose–Einstein condensateHeliumPhysica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications
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