Search results for "Quantum"

Quantum dynamics of 16O + 36O2 and 18O + 32O2 exchange reactions

2015

We present quantum dynamical investigations of (16)O + (36)O2 and (18)O + (32)O2 exchange reactions using a time-independent quantum mechanical method and an accurate global potential energy surface of ozone [Dawes et al., J. Chem. Phys. 135, 081102 (2011)]. Initial state-selected integral cross sections, rate constants, and Boltzmann averaged thermal rate constants are obtained and compared with earlier experimental and theoretical results. The computed thermal rate constants for the oxygen exchange reactions exhibit a negative temperature dependence, as found experimentally. They are in better agreement with the experiments than the previous studies on the same reactions.

A Discussion of Some Problems Associated with the Quantum Mechanical Treatment of Open-Shell Molecules

2003

Energy transfer rates and pathways of single donor chromophores in a multichromophoric dendrimer built around a central acceptor core.

2004

An artificial light-harvesting dendrimer showing highly efficient electronic excitation energy transfer from four peripheral donors to one central acceptor has been investigated by single-molecule spectroscopy at low temperatures. Confocal imaging in combination with frequency selective excitation spectroscopy gives direct access to energy transfer rates of individual donors and allows the determination of energy transfer pathways within a single multichromophoric aggregate.

Relaxation Mechanisms of 5-Azacytosine.

2015

The photophysics and deactivation pathways of the noncanonical 5-azacytosine nucleobase were studied using the CASPT2//CASSCF protocol. One of the most significant differences with respect to the parent molecule cytosine is the presence of a dark (1)(nNπ*) excited state placed energetically below the bright excited state (1)(ππ*) at the Franck-Condon region. The main photoresponse of the system is a presumably efficient radiationless decay back to the original ground state, mediated by two accessible conical intersections involving a population transfer from the (1)(ππ*) and the (1)(nNπ*) states to the ground state. Therefore, a minor contribution of the triplet states in the photophysics o…

Calculations of the atomic structure of the KNbO3 (110) surface

2000

Abstract The O-terminated KNbO 3 (110) surface is modeled using a semi-empirical shell model and two different short-range interatomic potentials. We find this surface to be unstable with respect to a strong reconstruction and K-termination. This conclusion is confirmed by preliminary calculations using the ab initio linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) formalism.

Quantum dynamical study of the O(1D) + CH4→ CH3+ OH atmospheric reaction

2014

Time independent quantum mechanical (TIQM) scattering calculations have been carried out for the O((1)D) + CH4(X(1)A1) → CH3(X(2)A2″) + OH(X(2)Π) atmospheric reaction, using an ab initio ground potential energy surface where the CH3 group is described as a pseudo-atom. Total and state-to-state reaction probabilities for a total angular momentum J = 0 have been determined for collision energies up to 0.5 eV. The vibrational and rotational state OH product distributions show no specific behavior. The rate coefficient has been calculated by means of the J-shifting approach in the 10-500 K temperature range and slightly depends on T at ordinary temperatures (as expected for a barrierless reacti…

Determination of the Relative Stereochemistry of Flexible Organic Compounds by Ab Initio Methods: Conformational Analysis and Boltzmann-Averaged GIAO…

2002

Ab initio calculations at the Hartree-Fock level with full-geometry optimization using the 6-31G(d) basis set, and GIAO (gauge including atomic orbitals) 1 3 C NMR chemical shifts, are presented here as a support in the study of the stereochemistry of low-polar organic compounds having an openchain structure. Four linear stereoisomers, fragments of a natural product previously characterized by experimental 1 3 C NMR spectra, which possesses three stereogenic centers, 11 carbon atoms, and 38 atoms in total, were considered. Conformational searches, by empirical force-field molecular dynamics, pointed out the existence of 8-13 relevant conformers per stereoisomer. Thermochemical calculations …

Using theozymes for designing transition-state analogs for the intramolecular aldol reaction of δ-diketones

2001

Two theozymes for the intramolecular aldol reaction of δ-diketones have been studied using ab initio methods. The presence of both acid/base residues favors several steps of the aldol reaction. The appropriate positioning of these residues can accelerate one of two diastereromeric reaction pathways, the catalyzed aldol reaction being highly stereoselective. Analysis of the geometrical parameters, charge distribution, and the shape of molecular electrostatic potential for the corresponding acid/base catalyzed transition structure allows us to design adequate transition-state analogs to favor a reactive channel of this intramolecular aldol reaction. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant …

Assembly and Separation of Semiconductor Quantum Dot Dimers and Trimers

2011

Repeated precipitation of colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QD) from a good solvent by adding a poor solvent leads to an increasing number of QD oligomers after redispersion in the good solvent. By using density gradient ultracentrifugation we have been able to separate QD monomer, dimer, and trimer fractions from higher oligomers in such solutions. In the corresponding fractions QD dimers and trimers have been enriched up to 90% and 64%, respectively. Besides directly coupled oligomers, QD dimers and trimers were also assembled by linkage with a rigid terrylene diimide dye (TDI) and separated again by ultracentrifugation. High-resolution transmission electron micrographs show that the …

The surface electronic structure of stoichiometric and defective LiF surfaces studied with MIES and UPS in combination with ab-initio calculations

1997

Abstract UPS (He I) and metastable impact electron spectroscopy (MIES) spectra of the LiF(100) single crystal surface and stoichiometric LiF films are presented. The spectra are interpreted on the basis of ab-initio electronic structure calculations. Defective surfaces, produced by electron dosing, were studied in the same manner. The MIES spectra reveal that the electron dosing produces metallic patches on the surface, but no uniform Li adlayer. The calculation show that the F-center contribution to the electron emission is very close in energy to that from the metallic patches; thus, the two contributions cannot be distinguished by the present experimental techniques.