Search results for "Quantum"

showing 10 items of 9714 documents

Detector's quantum backaction effects on a mesoscopic conductor and fluctuation-dissipation relation

2017

International audience; When measuring quantum mechanical properties of charge transport in mesoscopic conductors, backaction effects occur. We consider a measurement setup with an elementary quantum circuit, composed of an inductance and a capacitor, as detector of the current flowing in a nearby quantum point contact. A quantum Langevin equation for the detector variable including backaction effects is derived. Differences with the quantum Langevin equation obtained in linear response are pointed out. In this last case, a relation between fluctuations and dissipation is obtained, provided that an effective temperature of the quantum point contact is defined.

fluctuation-dissipation relationfluctuation-dissipation relation; mesoscopic conductor; Quantum backaction; quantum Langevin equation; Physics and Astronomy (all)Physics and Astronomy (all)quantum Langevin equationQuantum backaction mesoscopic conductor quantum Langevin equation fluctuation-dissipation relation.Quantum backactionmesoscopic conductorSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materia[PHYS.COND.CM-MSQHE]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect [cond-mat.mes-hall]
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Synthesis and characterization of a novel high luminescent gold-2-mercapto-1-methyl-imidazole complex

2010

Synthesis and characterization of a new gold-2-mercapto-1-methyl imidazole are reported. This new organic material shows an extraordinary fluorescence activity (superfluorescence) up to 220°C with an unusual quantum yield of 0.2. Both fluorescence and NMR spectroscopy were applied to understand the behavior of the gold-2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole complex. Results suggest that the superfluorescence activity can be attributed to the shrinking of the HOMO-LUMO band gap energy following complexation of the organic imidazole system with gold. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

fluorescence spectrofotometryLuminescenceMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyBand gapSettore AGR/13 - Chimica AgrariaBiophysicsQuantum yieldPhotochemistryimidazolechemistry.chemical_compoundNMR spectroscopyOrganic chemistryImidazoleThermal analysisCalorimetry Differential ScanningImidazolesNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyFluorescenceCharacterization (materials science)Spectrometry Fluorescencethermal analysichemistryChemistry (miscellaneous)Goldsuperfluorescencequantum yieldLuminescenceLuminescence
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Synthesis, structure and photophysical properties of a highly luminescent terpyridine-diphenylacetylene hybrid fluorophore and its metal complexes

2014

A new fluorescent terpyridyl-diphenylacetylene hybrid fluorophore 4'-[4-{(4-methoxyphenyl)ethynyl}phenyl]-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine, L, was synthesized via Sonogashira cross-coupling of 4'-(4-bromophenyl)-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine and 4-ethynylanisole in the presence of Pd(PPh3)4/CuI as a catalyst. The solid state structure of L shows a trans arrangement of pyridine nitrogen atoms along the interannular bond in the terpyridine domain. Five transition metal complexes of L, {[FeL2](CF3SO3)2 (1), [ZnL2](ClO4)2 (2), [CdL2](ClO4)2 (3), [RuL2](PF6)2 (4), and PtMe3IL (5)}, have also been synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic methods and single crystal X-ray analysis. The X-ray crystal structu…

fluorophoreDenticityterpyridiinisynthesisQuantum yieldmetal complexesCrystal structure010402 general chemistryPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesInorganic Chemistrycrystal structureschemistry.chemical_compoundPyridineta116Diphenylacetylenephotophysical properties010405 organic chemistryLigandterpyridinekiderakenteet0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographyfluoroforitchemistryIntramolecular forcevalofysikaaliset ominaisuudetTerpyridinevalmistusmetallikompleksitDalton Transactions
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Transverse momentum distributions for exclusive $\varrho^{0}$ muoproduction

1992

We have studied transverse momentum distributions for exclusive rho(0) muoproduction on protons and heavier nuclei at 2 < Q2 < 25 GeV2. The Q2 dependence of the slopes of the p(t)2 and t' distributions is discussed. The influence of the non-exclusive background is investigated. The p(t)2-slope for exclusive events is 4.3 +/- 0.6 +/- 0.7 GeV-2 at large Q2. The p(t)2 spectra are much softer than inclusive p(t)2 spectra of leading hadrons produced in deep inelastic scattering.

forward spectrometer: experimental resultsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Nuclear Theorymuon nucleus: nuclear reactionchemistry.chemical_elementElementary particlemuon deuteron: nuclear reaction530Nuclear physicsmass spectrum: two-pionmomentum transfer: slopespectrum: transverse momentumField theory (psychology)Quantum field theoryNuclear Experimentrho(770)0: electroproductionEngineering (miscellaneous)muon p: exclusive reactionPhysicspomeron: exchangecalciumtwo-pion: mass spectrumbackgroundelectroproduction: rho(770)0carbon200 GeVCERN SPSDeep inelastic scatteringParticle accelerationexchange: pomeronchemistrytransverse momentum: spectrumQuantum electrodynamicsTransverse momentumHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentCarbonParticle Physics - Experimentmuon p --> rho(770)0 nucleon
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On the discreet spectrum of fractional quantum hydrogen atom in two dimensions

2019

We consider a fractional generalization of two-dimensional (2D) quantum-mechanical Kepler problem corresponding to 2D hydrogen atom. Our main finding is that the solution for discreet spectrum exists only for $\mu>1$ (more specifically $1 < \mu \leq 2$, where $\mu=2$ corresponds to "ordinary" 2D hydrogenic problem), where $\mu$ is the L\'evy index. We show also that in fractional 2D hydrogen atom, the orbital momentum degeneracy is lifted so that its energy starts to depend not only on principal quantum number $n$ but also on orbital $m$. To solve the spectral problem, we pass to the momentum representation, where we apply the variational method. This permits to obtain approximate analytica…

fractional Schrödinger equationFOS: Physical sciencesPosition and momentum space01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasSchrödinger equationMomentumsymbols.namesakeKepler problem0103 physical sciencesPrincipal quantum number010306 general physicsCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsMathematical PhysicsMathematical physicsPhysicsQuantum PhysicsStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)fractional statisticsSpectrum (functional analysis)Mathematical Physics (math-ph)Hydrogen atomCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsVariational methodsymbolsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)hydrogenic problemsPhysica Scripta
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B–T phase diagram of Pd/Fe/Ir(111) computed with parallel tempering Monte Carlo

2017

We use an atomistic spin model derived from density functional theory calculations for the ultra-thin film Pd/Fe/Ir(111) to show that temperature induces coexisting non-zero skyrmion and antiskyrmion densities. We apply the parallel tempering Monte Carlo method in order to reliably compute thermodynamical quantities and the B-T phase diagram in the presence of frustrated exchange interactions. We evaluate the critical temperatures using the topological susceptibility. We show that the critical temperatures depend on the magnetic field in contrast to previous work. In total, we identify five phases: spin spiral, skyrmion lattice, ferromagnetic phase, intermediate region with finite topologic…

frustration of magnetic exchangemagnetic skyrmionsMonte Carlo methodthermodynamic studyFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technology53001 natural sciences7. Clean energyMonte Carlo simulationsPhase (matter)0103 physical sciencesSpin model010306 general physicsTopological quantum numberPhase diagramPhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceCondensed matter physicsSkyrmionMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsDensity functional theoryParallel tempering0210 nano-technologyNew Journal of Physics
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Characterizing and Quantifying Frustration in Quantum Many-Body Systems

2011

We present a general scheme for the study of frustration in quantum systems. We introduce a universal measure of frustration for arbitrary quantum systems and we relate it to a class of entanglement monotones via an exact inequality. If all the (pure) ground states of a given Hamiltonian saturate the inequality, then the system is said to be inequality saturating. We introduce sufficient conditions for a quantum spin system to be inequality saturating and confirm them with extensive numerical tests. These conditions provide a generalization to the quantum domain of the Toulouse criteria for classical frustration-free systems. The models satisfying these conditions can be reasonably identifi…

frustrationmedia_common.quotation_subjectFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyFrustrationQuantum capacityQuantum entanglement01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasOpen quantum systemQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesQuantum operationStatistical physics010306 general physicsMathematical Physicsmedia_commonMathematicsQuantum PhysicsQuantum discordMathematical Physics (math-ph)Condensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterQuantum processQuantum algorithmCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
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Design and simulation of efficient combinational circuits based on a new XOR structure in QCA technology

2021

AbstractQuantum-dot cellular automata (QCA), due to its unique characteristics like low power consumption, nanoscale design, and high computing speed is considered as an emerging technology, and it can be used as an alternative for CMOS technology in circuit design for quantum computers in the near future. XOR gate has many applications in the design of digital circuits in QCA. In this paper, an efficient novel structure of XOR gate is proposed in QCA. Also, a novel 1-bit comparator circuit, 1-bit full adder, binary to gray and gray to binary convertor code based on the proposed XOR is designed and simulated using QCADesigner 2.0.3. The simulation results demonstrated that the proposed stru…

full adderAdderComparatorComputer scienceCircuit designelektroniset piiritBinary numberHardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITYElectronic engineeringHardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITSElectrical and Electronic EngineeringHardware_ARITHMETICANDLOGICSTRUCTURESXOR gateCombinational logicDigital electronicsbusiness.industrykvanttitietokoneetkvanttilaskentaconverterAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCMOSsoluautomaatitbusinessquantum-dot cellular automataXOR gatecomparatorHardware_LOGICDESIGN
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Atomism Revisited

2016

The ancient atomism inspires us to reconsider everything as being composed of indivisible entities, known today as quanta of actions. The quantum of light is the familiar single quantum in its open waveform. Likewise, any other physical action is a geometric notion in terms of energy and time. The quantized systems, e.g., elementary particles take forms of geodesics, i.e., paths of least action in quest for energetic balance with surrounding quanta. The fine-structure constant, as the ratio of two actions corresponding to the electron and neutrino, allows us to deduce unambiguously the characteristic symmetries of leptons, mesons, and baryons. We exemplify the quantized structures of photon…

fundamental forcesGeneral Physics and Astronomyprinciple of least actionquantum of actionfree energygeodesicalkeishiukkaset
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Can future observation of the living partner post-tag the past decayed state in entangled neutral K mesons?

2019

Entangled neutral K mesons allow for the study of their correlated dynamics at interference and decoherence times not accessible in any other system. We find novel quantum phenomena associated to a correlation in time between the two partners: The past state of the first decayed kaon, when it was entangled before its decay, is post-tagged by the result and the time of the future observation of the second decay channel. This surprising "from future to past"effect is fully observable and leads to the unique experimental tag of the KS state, an unsolved problem since the discovery of CP violation.

futureQuantum PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)CP violationneutral kaons entanglement CP violation futureFOS: Physical sciencesHigh Energy Physics::Experimentneutral kaonsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)entanglement
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