Search results for "Quark"

showing 10 items of 2905 documents

Symmetries in the Standard Model

2020

Symmetries in the Physical Laws of Nature lead to observable effects. Beyond the regularities and conserved magnitudes, the last decades in Particle Physics have seen the identification of symmetries, and their well-defined breaking, as the guiding principle for the elementary constituents of matter and their interactions. Flavour SU(3) symmetry of hadrons led to the Quark Model and the antisymmetry requirement under exchange of identical fermions led to the colour degree of freedom. Colour became the generating charge for flavour-independent strong interactions of quarks and gluons in the exact Colour SU(3) local gauge symmetry. Parity violation in weak interactions led to consider the chi…

PhysicsQuarkParticle physicsStandard Model (mathematical formulation)Weak isospinHigh Energy Physics::LatticeHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyElectroweak interactionHiggs bosonHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentQuantum field theorySymmetry (physics)Gauge symmetry
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Search for Pair Production of Light Scalar Top Quarks inpp¯Collisions ats=1.8  TeV

2004

Using 85.2+/-3.6 pb(-1) of p (p) over bar collisions collected at roots=1.8 TeV with the D0 detector at Fermilab's Tevatron Collider, we present the results of a search for direct pair production of scalar top quarks ((t) over bar), the supersymmetric partners of the top quark. We examined events containing two or more jets and missing transverse energy, the signature of light scalar top quark decays to charm quarks and neutralinos. After selections, we observe 27 events while expecting 31.1+/-6.4 events from known standard model processes. Comparing these results to next-to-leading-order production cross sections, we exclude a significant region of (t) over tilde and neutralino phase space…

PhysicsQuarkParticle physicsTop quark010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyTevatronGeneral Physics and AstronomySupersymmetry7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesCharm quarkStandard ModelNuclear physicsPair production0103 physical sciencesNeutralinoHigh Energy Physics::Experiment010306 general physicsPhysical Review Letters
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Search for heavy resonances decaying to a photon and a hadronically decaying Z/W/H boson in pp collisions at s=13  TeV with the ATLAS detector

2018

This Letter presents a search for the production of new heavy resonances decaying into a Higgs boson and a photon using proton-proton collision data at √ s = 13     TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 139     fb − 1 . The analysis is performed by reconstructing hadronically decaying Higgs boson ( H → b ¯ b ) candidates as single large-radius jets. A novel algorithm using information about the jet constituents in the center-of-mass frame of the jet is implemented to identify the two b quarks in the single jet. No significant excess of events is observed above the expected background. Upper limits are set on the production cross-s…

PhysicsQuarkParticle physicsTop quarkPhotonLarge Hadron Collider010308 nuclear & particles physicsBranching fractionHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyParton01 natural sciences0103 physical sciencesHiggs bosonHigh Energy Physics::Experiment010306 general physicsBosonPhysical Review D
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Pion photoproduction and Compton scattering in quark models

2008

I review quark model studies for pion photoproduction and Compton scattering off nucleons. The important role of unitarity and electromagnetic gauge invariance is stressed.

PhysicsQuarkParticle physicsUnitarityHigh Energy Physics::LatticeHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyNuclear TheoryQuark modelCompton scatteringCompton wavelengthPionHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentGauge theoryNuclear ExperimentNucleon
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Ds0*(2317)+in the decay ofBcintoJ/ψDK

2016

In this paper we study the relationship between the ${D}_{s0}^{*}(2317{)}^{+}$ resonance and the decay of the ${B}_{c}$ meson into $J/\ensuremath{\psi}DK$. In this process, the ${B}_{c}$ meson decays first into $J/\ensuremath{\psi}$ and the quark pair $c\overline{s}$, and then the quark pair hadronizes into $DK$ or ${D}_{s}\ensuremath{\eta}$ components, which undergo final state interaction. This final state interaction, generating the ${D}_{s0}^{*}(2317{)}^{+}$ resonance, is described by the chiral unitary approach. With the parameters which allow us to match the pole position of the ${D}_{s0}^{*}(2317{)}^{+}$, we obtain the $DK$ invariant mass distribution of the decay ${B}_{c}\ensuremath…

PhysicsQuarkParticle physicsUnitarityMeson010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyResonanceState (functional analysis)01 natural sciences0103 physical sciencesMass spectrumHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentInvariant mass010306 general physicsPhysical Review D
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Generalized Parton Distributions in the valence region from Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering

2013

This work reviews the recent developments in the field of Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs) and Deeply virtual Compton scattering in the valence region, which aim at extracting the quark structure of the nucleon. We discuss the constraints which the present generation of measurements provide on GPDs, and examine several state-of-the-art parametrizations of GPDs. Future directions in this active field are discussed.

PhysicsQuarkParticle physicsValence (chemistry)010308 nuclear & particles physicsCompton scatteringGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesParton01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsNucleonNuclear ExperimentPresent generation
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High-precision atomic mass measurements for a CKM unitarity test

2013

Abstract The Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa (CKM) quark-mixing matrix describes the transformation of quarks from weak-force eigenstates to mass eigenstates. The most contributing element in this matrix is the up-down matrix element V ud , derived in most precise way from the nuclear beta decays and in particular, from decays having superallowed 0 +  → 0 + decay branch. What high-precision mass spectrometry community can offer are decay energies of such decays derived from parent–daughter mass differences, which are ideally, and in almost all cases, determined with Penning trap mass spectrometry directly from parent–daughter cyclotron frequency ratio. Typically frequency (and thus mass) ratios a…

PhysicsQuarkParticle physicsta114UnitarityHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyCyclotronCondensed Matter PhysicsMass spectrometryPenning trapAtomic masslaw.inventionNuclear physicsMatrix (mathematics)lawHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryInstrumentationSpectroscopyEigenvalues and eigenvectorsInternational Journal of Mass Spectrometry
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Infrared singularities of scattering amplitudes in perturbative QCD

2009

An exact formula is derived for the infrared singularities of dimensionally regularized scattering amplitudes in massless QCD with an arbitrary number of legs, valid at any number of loops. It is based on the conjecture that the anomalous-dimension matrix of n-jet operators in soft-collinear effective theory contains only a single non-trivial color structure, whose coefficient is the cusp anomalous dimension of Wilson loops with light-like segments. Its color-diagonal part is characterized by two anomalous dimensions, which are extracted to three-loop order from known perturbative results for the quark and gluon form factors. This allows us to predict the three-loop coefficients of all 1/ep…

PhysicsQuarkQuantum chromodynamicsHigh Energy Physics - TheoryHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyGeneral Physics and AstronomyPerturbative QCDFOS: Physical sciencesJet (particle physics)Massless particleScattering amplitudeHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Soft-collinear effective theoryHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Quantum mechanicsEffective field theoryHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentMathematical physics
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Final COMPASS results on the deuteron spin-dependent structure functiong1dand the Bjorken sum rule

2017

Final results are presented from the inclusive measurement of deep-inelastic polarised-muon scattering on longitudinally polarised deuterons using a 6 LiD target. The data were taken at 160 GeV beam energy and the results are shown for the kinematic range 1(GeV/c)2 4GeV/c2 in the mass of the hadronic final state. The deuteron double-spin asymmetry A1d and the deuteron longitudinal-spin structure function g1d are presented in bins of x and Q2 . Towards lowest accessible values of x , g1d decreases and becomes consistent with zero within uncertainties. The presented final g1d values together with the recently published final g1p values of COMPASS are used to again evaluate the Bjorken sum rul…

PhysicsQuarkQuantum chromodynamicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsHadronDeep inelastic scattering01 natural sciencesNuclear physicsCompass0103 physical sciencesProton spin crisisHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentSum rule in quantum mechanics010306 general physicsNucleonPhysics Letters B
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O(alpha_s) Spin-Spin Correlations for Top and Bottom Quark Production in e+ e- Annihilation

1997

We present the full O(alpha_s) longitudinal spin-spin correlations for heavy-quark pair production at e+ e- high-energy colliders in closed analytical form. In such reactions, quark and antiquark have strongly correlated spins, and the longitudinal components are dominant. For the explicit computation of the QCD bremsstrahlung contributions, new phase-space integrals are derived. Explicit numerical estimates are given for t t_bar and b b_bar production. Around the Z-peak, QCD one-loop corrections depolarize the spin-spin asymmetry for bottom quark pairs by approximately -4%. For top pair production, we find at 350GeV a 0.6% increased polarization over a value of 0.4 in the longitudinal corr…

PhysicsQuarkQuantum chromodynamicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsAnnihilationmedia_common.quotation_subjectHigh Energy Physics::LatticeHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyBremsstrahlungFOS: Physical sciencesFísicaAsymmetryBottom quarkHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Pair productionHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentSpin-½media_common
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