Search results for "RADIATION"

showing 10 items of 5298 documents

Änderungen der Gitterstruktur hochpolymerer Einkristalle durch Bestrahlung im Elektronenmikroskop

1965

Die durch Bestrahlung mit Elektronen von 40 bis 80 kV hervorgerufenen Anderungen der Gitterstruktur von Polyathylen(PA)- und Polyoxymethylen(POM)-Einkristallen wurden unterrsucht. Dazu wurden Lage, Intensitat und Linienbreite der Reflexe im Elektronenbeugungsdiagramm in Abhangigkeit von der Bestrahlungsdosis gemessen. Vergleichende Untersuchungen wurden an einem Paraffin (C28H58) durchgefuhrt. Aus den Anderungen der Linienbreite konnte geschlossen werden, das im Falle des PA durch die Vernetzung zwischen benachbarten Ketten Gitterstorungen II. Art (parakristalline Storungen) hervorgerufen werden. Sie fuhren auch zu einer betrachtlichen Aufewitung des Gitters. Im Falle des Paraffins dagegen …

Lattice constantElectron diffraction patternChemistryPolymer chemistryRadiation doseRadiation processHexagonal latticeCrystal structureDie Makromolekulare Chemie
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Temperature-dependent EXAFS study of the local structure and lattice dynamics in cubic Y2O3

2016

The local structure and lattice dynamics in cubic Y2O3were studied at the YK-edge by X-ray absorption spectroscopy in the temperature range from 300 to 1273 K. The temperature dependence of the extended X-ray absorption fine structure was successfully interpreted using classical molecular dynamics and a novel reverse Monte Carlo method, coupled with the evolutionary algorithm. The obtained results allowed the temperature dependence of the yttria atomic structure to be followed up to ∼6 Å and to validate two force-field models.

Lattice dynamicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsRadiationMaterials scienceAbsorption spectroscopyExtended X-ray absorption fine structure02 engineering and technologyReverse Monte CarloAtmospheric temperature range021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesMolecular physicsMolecular dynamics0103 physical sciences010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)InstrumentationYttria-stabilized zirconiaJournal of Synchrotron Radiation
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Bone metastases in soft tissue sarcoma patients: A survey of natural, prognostic value, and treatment.

2012

10063 Background: Given the limited data currently available, we surveyed the natural history of bone metastases in patients affected by soft tissue sarcoma (STS). Methods: This retrospective, multicenter, observational study evaluated data from 135 patients with STS metastatic to the bone who presented between 2001 and 2011. For all patients, we recorded the primary tumor histological subtype, bone metastases characteristics (onset, site), type of treatment received (surgery, radiotherapy, zoledronic acid), type and frequency of skeletal related events (SRE) and disease outcome. Results: The most represented histological subtypes among the enrolled patients were leiomyosarcoma (27%), angi…

LeiomyosarcomaCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtybusiness.industrySoft tissue sarcomamedicine.medical_treatmentmedicine.diseasePrimary tumorSurgeryRadiation therapyZoledronic acidmedicine.anatomical_structureOncologymedicineAngiosarcomaSpindle cell sarcomabusinessPelvismedicine.drugJournal of Clinical Oncology
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Safety and efficacy of intensity-modulated radiotherapy in the management of spermatic cord sarcoma.

2017

International audience; Purpose. - Spermatic cord sarcoma is a rare disease, which management remains controversial due to the lack of guidelines. The standard therapeutic approach is surgical: wide soft-tissue resection with radical inguinal orchidectomy, The diagnosis is made during the analysis of the specimen. The high rate of local recurrence indicates adjuvant radiotherapy of the tumor bed. The aim of this series is to determine the efficacy and safety of postoperative intensity-modulated radiotherapy for spermatic cord sarcomas. Patients and methods. - Our series included five consecutive cases of spermatic cord sarcoma treated between 2011 and 2014. The indications for radiotherapy …

LeiomyosarcomaMaleOrgans at Risk[SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imagingmedicine.medical_treatment030232 urology & nephrologyParatesticular tumor[ SDV.CAN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer[ SDV.IB.MN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Nuclear medicine0302 clinical medicineMedicineOrchiectomy[ SDV.IB ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/BioengineeringPatternsFederationRapidarc[ SDV.IB.IMA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/ImagingCancerAged 80 and overSpermatic CordSarcomaRadiotherapy DosageLiposarcomaMiddle AgedRetroperitoneal Sarcoma3. Good healthmedicine.anatomical_structureTreatment OutcomeOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisGenital Neoplasms MaleSoft-Tissue Sarcoma[SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/BioengineeringSarcomaRadiodermatitisReoperationmedicine.medical_specialtyPrognostic-Factors[SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer[SDV.IB.MN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Nuclear medicineSpermatic cord03 medical and health sciencesTherapeutic approachHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingIMRTAgedRetrospective StudiesRadiotherapybusiness.industryCancermedicine.diseaseRadiation-TherapySurgeryRadiation therapyRadiotherapy Intensity-ModulatedNeoplasm Recurrence LocalbusinessLigationOrchiectomyRare diseaseFollow-Up StudiesCancer radiotherapie : journal de la Societe francaise de radiotherapie oncologique
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Determination of scattering in intraocular lenses by spectrophotometric measurements.

2014

This study presents a method for measuring scattering in explanted intraocular lenses (IOLs). Currently, determining scattering in IOLs is usually performed by Scheimpflug cameras and the results are expressed in the units used by this apparatus. The method we propose uses a spectrophotometer and this makes it possible to measure the total transmission of the IOL by using an integrating sphere; the direct transmission is determined by the double-beam mode. The difference between these two transmissions gives a value of the scattering in percentage values of light lost. In addition, by obtaining the spectral transmission curve, information about the most scattered wavelengths is also obtaine…

Lenses IntraocularMaterials scienceLightScatteringbusiness.industryScheimpflug principleBiomedical EngineeringAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsLight scatteringElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsBiomaterialsCuvetteWavelengthOpticsIntegrating sphereSpectrophotometryMaterials TestingTransmittanceScattering RadiationbusinessDioptreJournal of biomedical optics
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Radiācijas defektu pētījumi ar EPR metodi LiBaF3 kristālā

2004

Izpētīts ar rentgenu istabas temperatūrā apstarotā L i B a F 3 kristālā radīta defekta EPR spektrs. EPR spektrs sastāv no apmēram 35 ekvidistantām līnijām. Defekts ir nestabils Jienas gaismā, bet tumsā sabrūk dažu stundu laikā. Šīs līnijas magnētiskā lauka orientācijā mralēli [111] kristāla asij atrodas vienādos attālumos (ar soli 0,9 mT) ar intensitāšu sadalījumu tuvu binomiālajam. EPR spektru var aprakstīt kā nesapārota spina S = 1/2 hiper- >īkstruktūras (liss) mijiedarbību ar divām ekvivalentu kaimiņu kodolu spinu grupām: 2 Li kodoliem pirmajā grupā un 8 F kodoliem otrajā grupā. Šāds modelis atbilst F-tipa centram elektrons atrodas fluora vakancē) LiBaF3 kristālā. Līniju intensitāšu stip…

LiBaF3 kristāliLiBaF3 crystalsCietvielu fizika:NATURAL SCIENCES::Physics::Atomic and molecular physics [Research Subject Categories]Elektronu paramagnētiskā rezonanseRadiācijas defektiElektronu spinu rezonanseElectron paramagnetic resonanceEPR spektroskopijaRadiation defectsElectron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy
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Time-variations of zeroth-order vegetation absorption and scattering at L-band

2021

Abstract Surface soil moisture and vegetation optical depth (VOD), as an indicator of vegetation wet biomass, from passive microwave remote sensing have been increasingly applied in global ecology and climate research. Both soil moisture and VOD are retrieved from satellite brightness temperature measurements assuming a zeroth order radiative transfer model, commonly known as the tau-omega model. In this model the emission of a vegetated surface is dependent on soil moisture, vegetation absorption and vegetation scattering. Vegetation scattering is normally represented by the single scattering albedo, ω, and is commonly assumed to be a time-invariant calibration parameter to achieve high ac…

LidarScatteringSingle-scattering albedoAttenuationeffective scattering albedoSoil ScienceGeologySoil scienceContext (language use)SMAPradiometryVegetationvegetation optical depthICESat-2L-bandAtmospheric radiative transfer codesBrightness temperaturerelative canopy scatteringEnvironmental scienceComputers in Earth SciencesAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)relative canopy absorptionRemote sensingRemote Sensing of Environment
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Relaxation Dynamics of Cr(acac)3 Probed by Ultrafast Infrared Spectroscopy

2007

Ultrafast infrared spectroscopy is used to probe the dynamics of Cr(acac)3 upon ligand field (400 nm) and charge transfer state (345 nm) excitation. At both pump wavelengths, the ground state absorption bands are strongly bleached at zero delay, and new broad transient absorption bands appear red shifted from the bleached bands. Recovery of ground state bleach is dominated by a fast time constant (15 ps), while a small percentage recovers within 760−900 ps. Despite the extensive studies on Cr(acac)3 photophysics, the fast recovery of the ground state as a major channel is reported here for the first time. As a general result, the present communication emphasizes the great value of ultrafast…

Ligand field theoryChemistryRelaxation (NMR)Analytical chemistryInfrared spectroscopyGeneral ChemistryPhotochemistryBiochemistryCatalysisWavelengthColloid and Surface ChemistryUltrafast laser spectroscopyAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Ground stateExcitationJournal of the American Chemical Society
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Magnetic ordering in an (Fe0.2Cr0.8)1.5[Cr(CN)6] Prussian blue analogue studied with synchrotron radiation based spectroscopies

2018

The appearance of magnetic order in the (Fe0.2Cr0.8)1.5[Cr(CN)6]·15H2O Prussian blue analogue at low temperature has been investigated by means of synchrotron radiation-based X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism. With the help of ligand field multiplet analysis we have been able to identify the oxidation states of the metallic cations present in the sample and their evolution with temperature. Our experiments reveal that the appearance of ferromagnetic order is triggered by the transformation of CrIII cations to CrII high-spin caused by a transfer of electrons from the Fe to the Cr resulting in an increase of the magnetic interactions within the (Cr, Cr) subla…

Ligand field theoryPrussian blueMaterials scienceMagnetic momentAbsorption spectroscopyMagnetic circular dichroismRelaxation (NMR)Synchrotron radiation02 engineering and technologyGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0104 chemical scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistryMaterials ChemistryCurie temperature0210 nano-technology
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Light Dark Matter Search with Ionization Signals in XENON1T

2019

We report constraints on light dark matter (DM) models using ionization signals in the XENON1T experiment. We mitigate backgrounds with strong event selections, rather than requiring a scintillation signal, leaving an effective exposure of (22±3) tonne day. Above ∼0.4 keVee, we observe <1 event/(tonne day keVee), which is more than 1000 times lower than in similar searches with other detectors. Despite observing a higher rate at lower energies, no DM or CEvNS detection may be claimed because we cannot model all of our backgrounds. We thus exclude new regions in the parameter spaces for DM-nucleus scattering for DM masses mχ within 3–6 GeV/c2, DM-electron scattering for mχ>30 MeV/c2, a…

Light Dark Matter TPC Ionization Axion-Like particlesCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)PhotonFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyS030DI5S029AECAstrophysics01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)S030DE5Ionization0103 physical sciencesionization[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]010306 general physicsAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Light dark matterscintillation counterPhysicsDark Matter WIMP Dark-Matter detectors Time-projection chamber detectorsScintillationScatteringbackgrounddark matter: massphotonscatteringS029HPHS030DN5* Automatic Keywords *Scintillation counterElementary Particles and Fieldsaxion-like particles[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Event (particle physics)absorptionAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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