Search results for "RADIOTHERAPY"
showing 10 items of 473 documents
Use of bone scintigraphy in the early diagnosis of bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaw. Case report and review of the literature
2018
The main aim of the present report is to show the potential utility of bone scintigraphy for the diagnosis of jaw osteonecrosis. We report the history of a 62-year-old woman underwent breast cancer surgery in 2010. Moreover, patient received postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Intravenous bisphosphonates were also added to the treatment strategy to reduce the risk of bone metastasis. However, a hypermetabolic focus on left hemimandible was evidenced with a bone scintigraphy during follow up. After a careful study, the diagnosis of Bisphosphonate Related Ostneonecrosis of the Jaw (BRONJ) was carried out. This case highlights that bone scintigraphy may be extremely helpful for the ea…
Novel Approaches for Glioblastoma Treatment: Focus on Tumor Heterogeneity, Treatment Resistance, and Computational Tools
2019
BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive primary brain tumor. Currently, the suggested line of action is the surgical resection followed by radiotherapy and treatment with the adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ), a DNA alkylating agent. However, the ability of tumor cells to deeply infiltrate the surrounding tissue makes complete resection quite impossible, and in consequence, the probability of tumor recurrence is high, and the prognosis is not positive. GBM is highly heterogeneous and adapts to treatment in most individuals. Nevertheless, these mechanisms of adaption are unknown. RECENT FINDINGS: In this review, we will discuss the recent discoveries in molecular and cellular heterog…
Dosimetric effect of respiratory motion on planned dose in whole-breast volumetric modulated arc therapy using moderate and ultra-hypofractionation.
2021
Abstract Background and purpose The interplay effect of respiratory motion on the planned dose in free-breathing right-sided whole-breast irradiation (WBI) were studied by simulating hypofractionated VMAT treatment courses. Materials and methods Ten patients with phase-triggered 4D-CT images were included in the study. VMAT plans targeting the right breast were created retrospectively with moderately hypofractionated (40.05 Gy in 15 fractions of 2.67 Gy) and ultra-hypofractionated (26 Gy 5 fractions of 5.2 Gy) schemes. 3D-CRT plans were generated as a reference. All plans were divided into respiratory phase-specific plans and calculated in the corresponding phase images. Fraction-specific d…
Preoperative chemoradiotherapy for oesophageal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
2004
Background: The benefit of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in oesophageal cancer has been extensively studied but data on survival are still equivocal. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery in the reduction of mortality in patients with resectable oesophageal cancer. Methods: Computerised bibliographic searches of MEDLINE and CANCERLIT (1970–2002) were supplemented with hand searches of reference lists. Study selection: Studies were included if they were randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing preoperative chemoradiotherapy plus surgery with surgery alone, and if they included patients with resectable histologically proven oesophageal cancer wit…
Dosimetry comparison between TG-43 and Monte Carlo calculations using the Freiburg flap for skin high-dose-rate brachytherapy
2012
Abstract Purpose The purpose of this work was to evaluate whether the delivered dose to the skin surface and at the prescription depth when using a Freiburg flap applicator is in agreement with the one predicted by the treatment planning system (TPS) using the TG-43 dose-calculation formalism. Methods and Materials Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and radiochromic film measurements have been performed to obtain dose distributions with the source located at the center of one of the spheres and between two spheres. Primary and scatter dose contributions were evaluated to understand the role played by the scatter component. A standard treatment plan was generated using MC- and TG-43-based TPS appl…
A Case Report of Adult Pineoblastoma Occurring in a Pregnant Woman.
2019
Background/aim Pineoblastoma of the adult age is an uncommon tumor with only 200 cases reported. A standardized approach for an optimal adjuvant strategy is currently lacking. The case presented herein also deals with the issue of central nervous system tumors in pregnancy. Case report A 21-year-old pregnant woman presented with massive hydrocephalus due to a mass in the pineal region detected with MRI. After positioning an urgent ventricular derivation, a cesarean section was performed. During a third ventriculocisternostomy, a biopsy revealed a pineoblastoma. After a maximal safe resection, postoperative craniospinal irradiation for a total dose of 36 Gy plus a sequential boost to the tum…
Preliminary magnetic resonance relaxometric analysis of Fricke gel dosimeters produced with polyvinyl alcohol and glutaraldehyde
2017
This work describes the preliminary analysis of Fricke gels dosimeters characterized by a new formulation making use of a matrix of polyvinyl alcohol cross-linked by adding glutaraldehyde and analyzed by means of nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry. In previous optical studies, these gels have shown promising dosimetric features in terms of photon sensitivity and low diffusion of ferric ions produced after irradiation. In this work, we used a portable nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometer to measure the relaxation times (which are important for dosimetric applications) of these gel materials. For this purpose, we performed a study for optimizing the acquisition parameters with a nuclear…
Salvage (tertiary) breast reconstruction after implant failure
2011
Summary Background Salvage breast reconstruction is defined as a complete revision of a previous reconstruction in case of unsatisfactory results or failure of primary or secondary breast reconstruction. We have termed this ‘tertiary breast reconstruction'. This article presents our experience with tertiary reconstructions, including the indications, method of reconstruction and outcomes. Methods A retrospective note review was performed for all patients who underwent breast reconstruction with autologous tissue under one surgeon between 2002 and 2009 at the University Hospital, Ghent. Out of these 688 patients, 54 patients (7.8%) required tertiary surgery with autologous tissue after failu…
Macular edema: Miscellaneous.
2010
International audience; Abstract. This article provides the reader with practical information to be applied to the various remaining causes of macular edema. Some macular edemas linked to ocular diseases like radiotherapy after ocular melanomas remained of poor functional prognosis due to the primary disease. On the contrary, macular edemas occurring after retinal detachment or after some systemic or local treatment use are often temporary. Macular edema associated with epiretinal membranes or vitreomacular traction is the main cause of poor functional recovery. However, the delay to observe a significant improvement of vision after surgery should be long, as usually observed in tractional …
Palliative splenic irradiation in primary and post PV/ET myelofibrosis: outcomes and toxicity of three radiation schedules
2009
Splenectomy and splenic irradiation (SI) are the sole treatment modalities to control drug resistant splenomegaly in patients with myelofibrosis (MF). SI has been used in poor surgical candidates but optimal total dose and fractionation are unclear. We retrospectively reviewed 14 MF patients with symptomatic splenomegaly. Patients received a median of 10 fractions in two weeks. Fraction size ranged from 0.2–1.4 Gy, and total dose varied from 2–10.8 Gy per RT course. Overall results indicate that 81.8% of radiation courses achieved a significant spleen reduction. Splenic pain relief and gastrointestinal symptoms reduction were obtained in 94% and 91% of courses, respectively. Severe cytopeni…