Search results for "RAM"

showing 10 items of 35643 documents

EPR/ALANINE PELLETS WITH LOW Gd CONTENT FOR NEUTRON DOSIMETRY

2013

This paper reports on results obtained by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements and Monte Carlo (MC) simulation on a blend of alanine added with low content of gadolinium oxide (5 % by weight) to improve the sensitivity to thermal neutron without excessively affecting tissue equivalence. The sensitivity is enhanced by this doping procedure of more an order of magnitude. The results are compared with those obtained with the addition of boric acid (50 % by weight) where boron is in its natural isotopic composition in order to produce low-cost EPR dosemeters. The gadolinium addition influences neutron sensitivity more than the boron addition. The presence of additives does not sub…

inorganic chemicalsMaterials scienceGadoliniumAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGadoliniumRadiation Dosagelaw.inventionBoric acidchemistry.chemical_compoundBoric AcidsIsotopeslawRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingNeutronIrradiationBoronElectron paramagnetic resonanceRadiometryNeutronsRadiationAlanineRadiological and Ultrasound Technologybusiness.industryElectron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) alanine pellet gadolinium Monte Carlo (MC) simulation dosimetryDopingtechnology industry and agriculturePublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyGeneral MedicineNeutron temperatureSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)chemistryNuclear medicinebusinessMonte Carlo Method
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Total oxidation of VOCs on Au nanoparticles anchored on Co doped mesoporous UVM-7 silica

2012

Abstract Gold deposited on a cobalt containing siliceous mesoporous structure, UVM-7, presents a good catalytic performance in the total oxidation of propane and toluene. The presence of both gold and cobalt is necessary as bimetallic Au/Co-UVM-7 catalysts are remarkably more active than monometallic Au/UVM-7 or Co-UVM-7 catalysts. The improved activity of the bimetallic AuCo-samples if compared to gold free cobalt catalysts can be explained on the basis of the enhanced reducibility of some cobalt species in the presence of gold, which facilitates the redox cycle. This high reducibility of cobalt species in the bimetallic samples is probably due to the formation of Co 3 O 4 domains at the g…

inorganic chemicalsMaterials scienceGeneral Chemical EngineeringInorganic chemistryNanoparticlechemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryTolueneIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundAdsorptionchemistryEnvironmental ChemistryTemperature-programmed reductionMesoporous materialBimetallic stripCobaltChemical Engineering Journal
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Optical determination and identification of organic shells around nanoparticles: application to silver nanoparticles

2013

We present a simple method to prove the presence of an organic shell around silver nanoparticles. This method is based on the comparison between optical extinction measurements of isolated nanoparticles and Mie calculations predicting the expected wavelength of the Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance of the nanoparticles with and without the presence of an organic layer. This method was applied to silver nanoparticles which seemed to be well protected from oxidation. Further experimental characterization via Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) measurements allowed to identify this protective shell as ethylene glycol. Combining LSPR and SERS measurements could thus give proof of both …

inorganic chemicalsMaterials scienceMie scatteringeducationSilver nanoparticleShell (structure)FOS: Physical sciencesNanoparticlePhysics::Optics02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesSilver nanoparticlesurface enhanced raman spectroscopychemistry.chemical_compoundlocalized surface plasmon resonanceMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Physics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersMie theoryGeneral Materials ScienceSurface plasmon resonancehealth care economics and organizationsPlasmonCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicstechnology industry and agricultureMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics0104 chemical scienceschemistryChemical engineering[SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonicorganic shells0210 nano-technologyEthylene glycol
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Alanine blends for ESR measurements of thermal neutron fluence in a mixed radiation field

2007

In this paper, the results of a study on the electron spin resonance (ESR) dosimetry to measure thermal neutron fluence in a mixed radiation field (neutron and photons) are presented. The ESR responses of alanine dosemeters with different additives are compared. In particular, the (10)B-acid boric and the Gd-oxide were chosen to enhance the sensitivity of alanine dosemeters to thermal neutrons. Irradiations were carried out inside the thermal column of the TAPIRO reactor of the ENEA center, Casaccia Rome. The main results are a greater neutron sensitivity and a smaller lowest detectable fluence for the dosemeters with gadolinium than for dosemeters of alanine with (10)B, which is well known…

inorganic chemicalsMaterials sciencePhotonGadoliniumAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementRadiation DosageSensitivity and SpecificityFluencelaw.inventionRadiation ProtectionRadiation MonitoringlawMaterials TestingThermalDosimetryRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingNeutronESR Dosimetry BNCTElectron paramagnetic resonanceNeutronsAlanineRadiationRadiological and Ultrasound Technologybusiness.industryElectron Spin Resonance Spectroscopytechnology industry and agriculturePublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthReproducibility of ResultsEquipment DesignGeneral MedicineNeutron temperatureEquipment Failure AnalysischemistryCalibrationbiological scienceslipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Nuclear medicinebusinessRadiation Protection Dosimetry
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Thermal Properties, Raman Spectroscopy and Tem Images of Neutron-Bombarded Graphite

2013

Neutron-irradiated graphite to a total dose of 3.6 × 1016 n cm−2 was studied by DSC, Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The Wigner energy of neutron-irradiated graphite was 9.5 J/g as measured by DSC; it was released with an exothermal peak at 220°C. The Raman spectroscopy has confirmed the expected effect caused by neutron irradiation of the graphite substrate. The TEM imaging has shown that neutron-irradiated graphite can be effectively exfoliated by sonication in comparison to pristine graphite, which under similar conditions does not exfoliate at all. The interstitial Frenkel defects in neutron-irradiated graphite are intercalated between the graphene layers …

inorganic chemicalsMaterials scienceSonicationAnalytical chemistrylaw.inventionsymbols.namesakelawneutrons irradiationGeneral Materials ScienceNeutronSettore CHIM/01 - Chimica AnaliticaGraphitePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryWigner effectSettore CHIM/02 - Chimica FisicaWigner energySettore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale e Inorganicaintegumentary systemGrapheneOrganic ChemistrygrapheneGraphite neutrons irradiation graphene exfoliation Wigner energy Raman spectroscopy TEM imagingtechnology industry and agricultureGraphite neutrons irradiation graphene exfoliation Wigner energy Raman spectroscopyTEM imagingexfoliationExfoliation jointAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsTransmission electron microscopyRaman spectroscopyTEM imagingbiological sciencessymbolsGraphitelipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Raman spectroscopy
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Determination of the Boron/Lead Ratio in Ceramic Materials Based on Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance

2004

A method for quantitatively determining the relationship boron/lead in ceramic materials is presented. It is based on the attachment of microsamples of ceramic frits to an electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM). After a reductive deposition step in the � 0.25 to � 0.85 V (vs. AgCl/Ag) potential range, well-defined stripping peaks are recorded in 0.10 M NaCl plus 0.10 M mannitol. The deposition of boron and lead from suspensions of solid materials, and its subsequent oxidative dissolution can be monitorized at the EQCM. The quotient between the maximum mass gain and the corresponding charge passed enables for a direct quantitation of the boron/lead molar ratio in ceramic material…

inorganic chemicalsMaterials scienceStripping (chemistry)chemistry.chemical_elementQuartz crystal microbalanceCeramic materialsElectrochemistryAnalytical Chemistrychemistryvisual_artElectrochemistryvisual_art.visual_art_mediumDeposition (phase transition)CeramicBoronVoltammetryDissolutionElectroanalysis
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Natural Radioactivity in Clay Ceramics and their Raw Materials in Latvia

2018

Natural radionuclides K-40, and Th-232, U-238 (Ra-226) decay chain products contained in building materials are the main source of radiation dose received by population and the only source of indoor radiation exposure. Present work contains results of the study of natural radionuclide activity level in clay, clay ceramics and silica bricks used in Latvia. Obtained data show that radionuclide content in different clay products can differ up to five times. However, determined activity index values for all tested materials, except fireproof bricks, were below radionuclide concentration level permitted by EU and Latvian national regulations. Comparison with analogous data from other North Europ…

inorganic chemicalsMechanical EngineeringMetallurgyRaw materialcomplex mixtures030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMechanics of Materials030220 oncology & carcinogenesisvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumEnvironmental scienceGeneral Materials ScienceCeramicNatural radioactivityKey Engineering Materials
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Modeling of the N-terminal Section and the Lumenal Loop of Trimeric Light Harvesting Complex II (LHCII) by Using EPR

2015

The major light harvesting complex II (LHCII) of green plants plays a key role in the absorption of sunlight, the regulation of photosynthesis, and in preventing photodamage by excess light. The latter two functions are thought to involve the lumenal loop and the N-terminal domain. Their structure and mobility in an aqueous environment are only partially known. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) has been used to measure the structure of these hydrophilic protein domains in detergent-solubilized LHCII. A new technique is introduced to prepare LHCII trimers in which only one monomer is spin-labeled. These heterogeneous trimers allow to measure intra-molecular distances within one LHCII mon…

inorganic chemicalsModels MolecularProtein ConformationProtein domainTrimerContext (language use)complex mixturesBiochemistrylaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundBiopolymersProtein structurelawElectron paramagnetic resonanceMolecular BiologySuperhelixfungiElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyPhotosystem II Protein ComplexCell Biologyequipment and suppliesCrystallographyMonomerModels ChemicalchemistryThylakoidProtein Structure and FoldingbacteriaJournal of Biological Chemistry
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Acetylcholine-responsive cargo release using acetylcholinesterase-capped nanomaterials

2019

[EN] Mesoporous silica nanoparticles capped with acetylcholinesterase, through boronic ester linkages, selectively release an entrapped cargo in the presence of acetylcholine.

inorganic chemicalsNanoparticlemacromolecular substances010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCatalysisNanomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundQUIMICA ORGANICAQUIMICA ANALITICAMaterials ChemistrymedicineBIOQUIMICA Y BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR010405 organic chemistryQUIMICA INORGANICAtechnology industry and agricultureMetals and AlloysGeneral ChemistryMesoporous silicaCombinatorial chemistryAcetylcholinesterase0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialsstomatognathic diseaseschemistryCeramics and CompositesAcetylcholinemedicine.drug
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Dependence of the emission properties of the germanium lone pair center on Ge doping of silica

2011

We present an experimental investigation regarding the changes induced by the Ge doping level on the emission profile of the germanium lone pair center (GLPC) in Ge doped silica. The investigated samples have been produced by the sol-gel method and by plasma-activated chemical vapor deposition and have doping levels up to 20% by weight. The recorded photoluminescence spectra show that the GLPC emission profile is the same when the Ge content is lower than ∼ 1% by weight, whereas it changes for higher doping levels. We have also performed Raman scattering measurements that show the decrease of the D1 Raman band at 490 cm( - 1) when the Ge content is higher than 1% by weight. The data suggest…

inorganic chemicalsPhotoluminescenceMaterials scienceSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleDopingtechnology industry and agricultureAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGermaniumChemical vapor depositionCondensed Matter PhysicsCrystallographic defectSpectral linesymbols.namesakechemistrysymbolsGe-doped silica point defects structural propertiesddc:530General Materials ScienceLone pairRaman scatteringJournal of Physics: Condensed Matter
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