Search results for "RAM"

showing 10 items of 35643 documents

Vaccination greatly reduces disease, disability, death and inequity worldwide

2007

In low-income countries, infectious diseases still account for a large proportion of deaths, highlighting health inequities largely caused by economic differences. Vaccination can cut health-care costs and reduce these inequities. Disease control, elimination or eradication can save billions of US dollars for communities and countries. Vaccines have lowered the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma and will control cervical cancer. Travellers can be protected against "exotic" diseases by appropriate vaccination. Vaccines are considered indispensable against bioterrorism. They can combat resistance to antibiotics in some pathogens. Noncommunicable diseases, such as ischaemic heart disease, c…

medicine.medical_specialtyHealth PromotionDiseaseGlobal HealthHerd immunityEnvironmental healthPreventive Health ServicesGlobal healthmedicineHumansDisabled PersonsMortalityPovertyHealth policyPovertyImmunization Programsbusiness.industryHealth PolicyPublic healthfungiVaccinationPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Healthfood and beveragesHealth Status DisparitiesVaccinationSocioeconomic FactorsAcute DiseaseChronic DiseaseLife expectancyPublic HealthPolicy and PracticebusinessBulletin of the World Health Organization
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Effects of an Educational Program for Professional Caregivers on Behavioral Alterations in Nursing Home Residents: Pilot Study

2020

This pilot study aims to analyze the effectiveness of a type of non-pharmacological intervention such as the educating and training of professional caregivers on behavioral alterations and prescription of psychotropic drugs of older adults in nursing homes. One hundred and forty-five people from two nursing homes were randomized to either treatment (educational training program for healthcare professionals) or a no-treatment group. Twenty-two professional caregivers in the experimental group received 20 h of a training program. Five data collection points were collected (pre and post, and three follow-ups, all six months apart). Intervention consisted of the behavioral alterations and psych…

medicine.medical_specialtyHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisHealth PersonnelFarmacologíaeducationAncianoPsychological interventionlcsh:MedicinePilot ProjectsArticleEducation03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineBehavior TherapyIntervention (counseling)DemenciamedicineDementiaHumans030212 general & internal medicinePsicofarmacologíaMedical prescriptioncaring professionalsAgedInvestigación psicológicapsychopharmacologyPsychotropic Drugsbusiness.industrylcsh:RPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthRepeated measures designmedicine.diseaseNursing Homesnursing homebehavioural alterationsCaregiversFamily medicineDementiaTraining programNursing homesbusinessHogares para ancianosEducational program030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Add-On Effect of Postural Instructions to Abdominopelvic Exercise on Urinary Symptoms and Quality of Life in Climacteric Women with Stress Urinary In…

2021

The aim of this study was to investigate the add-on effect of postural instructions to an abdominopelvic exercise program on incontinence urinary symptoms (UI symptoms) and quality of life (QoL) in climacteric women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI). A randomized controlled trial was performed with a total of 40 climacteric women with SUI aged between 46 and 75 years old. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups: a group performing an abdominopelvic exercise program (AEP) (n = 20) and a group performing abdominopelvic exercise with the addition of postural instructions (AEPPI) (n = 20). Primary outcome measures were UI symptoms, UI impact and QoL related to UI (UI-QoL), measur…

medicine.medical_specialtyHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisUrinary Incontinence Stress030232 urology & nephrologylcsh:MedicineUrinary incontinencePilot Projectspelvic floor musclespostural controlArticlelaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineExercise programPrimary outcomeabdominal musclesQuality of lifeRandomized controlled triallawAparell urinariSurveys and QuestionnairesmedicineAbdominals (Exercici)HumansAgedClimacteric030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicineUrinary symptomsbusiness.industrylcsh:RPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthDones MalaltiesMiddle Agedstress urinary incontinenceurinary symptomsExercise TherapyPad testSòl pelviàUrinary Incontinencequality of lifePhysical therapyFemalemedicine.symptomClimactericbusinessInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Nickel release after implantation of the Amplatzer occluder.

2003

Background Transcatheter closure of atrial septal defects is a new and less traumatic technique than open heart surgery. In recent years, patients with a patent foramen ovale sustaining potential paradoxical embolism have also become candidates for interventional closure devices. One of the more popular occluding devices is the Amplatzer septal occluder, which, like many other occluders, is made of nitinol. Nitinol-based alloys are widely used in medical products, for example, in orthopedics and orthodontics. However, the clinical use of nitinol, which contains 55% nickel, is still controversial because of concerns about its biocompatibility. Therefore, we examined the systemic nickel relea…

medicine.medical_specialtyHeart septal defectCardiac CatheterizationHeart diseasebusiness.industryAmplatzer Septal Occluderchemistry.chemical_elementProstheses and Implantsmedicine.diseaseProsthesis DesignAtrial septal defectsHeart Septal Defects AtrialSurgeryNickelParadoxical embolismchemistryNickelPatent foramen ovalemedicineAlloysHumansCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessComplicationAmerican heart journal
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Telaprevir drug monitoring during antiviral therapy of hepatitis C graft infection after liver transplantation

2014

Background & Aims Recurrence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection after orthotopical liver transplantation (OLT) is common and associated with reduced graft and patient survival. The protease inhibitor telaprevir may enhance virological response rates in patients after OLT in combination with pegylated interferon-alfa and ribavirin. Pharmacokinetic studies have shown significant drug–drug interactions between telaprevir and immunosuppression (IS), but telaprevir pharmacokinetics in OLT patients with IS are unknown. Aim of the present study was to analyse telaprevir plasma concentrations in patients with HCV genotype 1 infection after OLT in comparison to patients without OLT and IS. Methods…

medicine.medical_specialtyHepatitis C virusmedicine.medical_treatmentPharmacologyLiver transplantationmedicine.disease_causeAntiviral AgentsGastroenterologyStatistics NonparametricTacrolimusPolyethylene GlycolsTelaprevirchemistry.chemical_compoundRecurrenceTandem Mass SpectrometryInternal medicineRibavirinmedicineHumansProspective StudiesImmunosuppression TherapyHepatologybusiness.industryRibavirinInterferon-alphaHepatitis Cmedicine.diseaseHepatitis CRecombinant ProteinsTacrolimusLiver TransplantationTransplantationsurgical procedures operativechemistryDrug Therapy CombinationDrug MonitoringbusinessViral hepatitisOligopeptidesChromatography Liquidmedicine.drugLiver International
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Hypoosmolar conditions reduce extracellular volume fraction and enhance epileptiform activity in the CA3 region of the immature rat hippocampus

2006

The osmolarity of the extracellular space (ECS) compartment is an important factor determining the excitability of neuronal tissue. In the adult hippocampus an important role of osmolarity and ECS diffusion parameters on the susceptibility to epileptic events is well established, but the influence of hypo- and hyperosmolar conditions on the immature hippocampus remains elusive. To investigate the influence of osmolarity on epileptiform activity, extracellular field potentials were recorded in the CA3 region of hippocampal slices of immature (postnatal days 4-7) Wistar rats. The ECS diffusion parameters were determined by the real-time tetramethylammonium (TMA+) iontophoretic method with ion…

medicine.medical_specialtyHippocampusAlpha (ethology)In Vitro TechniquesHippocampal formationHippocampusCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundInternal medicinePotassium Channel BlockersmedicineExtracellularAnimalsMagnesium4-AminopyridineRats WistarNeuronsOsmoleTetramethylammoniumEpilepsyDose-Response Relationship DrugOsmotic concentrationIontophoresisOsmolar ConcentrationRatsQuaternary Ammonium CompoundsEndocrinologyAnimals NewbornHypotonic SolutionschemistryExtracellular SpaceNeuroscienceJournal of Neuroscience Research
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Biochemical and histological alterations of cellular metabolism from jerboa (Jaculus orientalis) by 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid: Effects on d-3-hy…

2007

?; International audience; 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4D) is one of the widely used herbicide of the phenoxy family with possible startling number of adverse effects on species other than the weeds which is designed to kill. The effects of 2,4D were investigated in jerboa (Jaculus orientalis), a wild animal of subdesert highlands. The jerboas have been daily treated intraperitonally with 2,4D 3 mg/kg body weight for 4 weeks. Plasmatic markers, and antioxidants defences systems were assessed and histological alterations were evaluated. The in vivo and in vitro effects of 2,4D on the mitochondrial D-3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (BDH) were also determined. Our results showed a strong…

medicine.medical_specialtyHistology24-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acidAntioxidantHealth Toxicology and Mutagenesismedicine.medical_treatmentBiologymedicine.disease_causeJaculus orientalischemistry.chemical_compoundIn vivoInternal medicine[SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biologymedicine[ SDV.BBM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular BiologyJaculus orientalisD-3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenaseCholesterolGeneral MedicineMetabolismClinical parametersbiology.organism_classificationEndocrinologychemistryBiochemistryToxicityAntioxidant enzymesSubcellular markersAgronomy and Crop ScienceOxidative stressPesticide Biochemistry and Physiology
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Locked Plate Fixation and Intramedullary Nailing for Proximal Humerus Fractures: A Biomechanical Evaluation

2005

Background Internal fixation of proximal humeral fractures is associated with a considerable secondary malalignment rate. Fixed-angle implants have been suggested to increase the stability of fixation. Methods The biomechanical properties of four different implants were tested. These included an internal fixator with semi-elastic properties (reference), the Synthes T-plate, a locked plate with rigid properties and a spiral blade locked intramedullary nail (PHN). These implants were assessed in twenty-four osteotomized pairs of human cadaveric humeri. Specimens were subjected to two-hundred cycles of axial loading and torque followed by load to failure. Results The PHN had greater axial stif…

medicine.medical_specialtyHumerus fracturemedicine.medical_treatmentBone NailsCritical Care and Intensive Care Medicinelaw.inventionIntramedullary rodFixation (surgical)lawFracture fixationBone plateHumansMedicineInternal fixationHumerusOrthodonticsbusiness.industryEquipment Designmedicine.diseaseInternal FixatorsBiomechanical PhenomenaFracture Fixation IntramedullarySurgerymedicine.anatomical_structureShoulder FracturesSurgeryImplantbusinessBone PlatesThe Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care
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Effectiveness and efficiency of a special program to reduce the bariatric surgery waiting list at a tertiary hospital

2021

Graphical abstract

medicine.medical_specialtyIMC índice de masa corporalSIGE servicio de información y gestión económicaBAGUA bypass gástrico de una anastomosisLEQ lista de espera quirúrgica030230 surgeryQA quirófano de autoconciertoArticleQP quirófano programadoStandard procedure03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSalud públicaHealth careEpidemiologymedicineGRD grupos relacionados con el diagnósticoBGYR bypass gástrico en Y de RouxProspective cohort studySWL surgical waiting listAverage costComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICSCirugía bariátricaBariatric surgeryPublic healthWaiting listsbusiness.industryGeneral EngineeringPerioperativeAC autoconciertosSECO Sociedad Española de Cirugía de ObesidadSurgeryCoste y análisis de costesListas de esperaWaiting listCosts and cost analysisGV gastrectomía verticalbusinessHealthcare systemCirugía Española (English Edition)
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Prospective external validation of a predictive score for postoperative pulmonary complications.

2015

Abstract Background: No externally validated risk score for postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) is currently available. The authors tested the generalizability of the Assess Respiratory Risk in Surgical Patients in Catalonia risk score for PPCs in a large European cohort (Prospective Evaluation of a RIsk Score for postoperative pulmonary COmPlications in Europe). Methods: Sixty-three centers recruited 5,859 surgical patients receiving general, neuraxial, or plexus block anesthesia. The Assess Respiratory Risk in Surgical Patients in Catalonia factors (age, preoperative arterial oxygen saturation in air, acute respiratory infection during the previous month, preoperative anemia, upp…

medicine.medical_specialtyIMPACTRESPIRATORY-FAILUREAtelectasisMULTIFACTORIAL RISK INDEXMedicineNONTHORACIC SURGERYProspective cohort studyPOPULATIONFramingham Risk Scorebusiness.industryExternal validationRespiratory infectionmedicine.diseaseSurgeryPROGNOSTIC MODELAnesthesiology and Pain MedicinePneumothoraxINTUBATIONPredictive value of testsLOGISTIC-REGRESSION MODELSMAJOR NONCARDIAC SURGERYRisk assessmentbusinessLOGISTIC-REGRESSION MODELS; MULTIFACTORIAL RISK INDEX; MAJOR NONCARDIAC SURGERY; NONTHORACIC SURGERY; RESPIRATORY-FAILURE; PROGNOSTIC MODEL; POPULATION; IMPACT; INTUBATIONCohort study
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