Search results for "RAV"
showing 10 items of 5866 documents
Un printemps social français
2016
In France, the spring of 2016 was marked by a number of demonstrations against the reform of the labour laws. The employers and the unions refused to discuss this reform which had been drawn up without any consultation. It pursues questionable objectives, in particular wanting to make the principal level of industrial relations take place at the level of the firm. Once again, despite a high level of social discontent, collective action was limited. This collective failure to act is mainly due to the institutionalization of trade unions and their financing by employers and the State.
Determinants of Italy's agri-food trade flows with the Mediterranean non-Eu partner countries
2013
The objective of this paper is to evaluate the determinants of Italy’s agri-food exports in the markets of Mediterranean non-EU partner countries and, particularly, the impact of Agreement Association signed in the Euro-Mediterranean partnership. The Mediterranean Sea situated at the crossroad of three continents, the European, the Asian and the African one, has ever been of great strategic interest for several geo-economical powers and in particular of the European Union as one of its foreign policy main protagonists. Italy as a centred Mediterranean country which is sharing agri-food production with some Mediterranean partners could profit from the EU’s relationships with the partners of …
Political risk and export promotion: evidence from Germany
2008
Political risk represents an important hidden transaction cost that reduces international trade. This paper investigates the claim that German public export credit guarantees (Hermes guarantees) mitigate this friction to trade flows and hence promote exports. We employ an empirical trade gravity model, where we explicitly control for political risk in the importing country in order to evaluate the effect of export guarantees. The idea behind export promotion through public export credit agencies (ECAs) is that the private market is unable to provide adequate insurance for all risks associated with exports. As a consequence, firms' export activities are limited in the absence of insurance pr…
Destabilized green fluorescent protein detects rapid removal of transcription blocks after genotoxic exposure
2007
High stabilities of reporter proteins and their messenger RNAs (mRNAs) interfere with the detection of rapid transient changes in gene expression, such as transcriptional blocks posed by genotoxic DNA lesions. We have modified a green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene within the episomal pMARS vector by addition of a fragment encoding for mouse ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) proline-glutamate-serine-threonine-rich (PEST) sequence in order to target the protein to the proteasomes and achieved an unprecedentedly fast GFP turnover in permanently transfected human cells. As early as 1 h after inhibition of protein synthesis by cycloheximide, the number of fluorescent cells decreased more than 5-fo…
A method for genome-wide analysis of DNA helical tension by means of psoralen-DNA photobinding
2010
The helical tension of chromosomal DNA is one of the epigenetic landmarks most difficult to examine experimentally. The occurrence of DNA crosslinks mediated by psoralen photobinding (PB) stands as the only suitable probe for assessing this problem. PB is affected by chromatin structure when is done to saturation; but it is mainly determined by DNA helical tension when it is done to very low hit conditions. Hence, we developed a method for genome-wide analysis of DNA helical tension based on PB. We adjusted in vitro PB conditions that discern DNA helical tension and applied them to Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. We selected the in vivo cross-linked DNA sequences and identified them on DNA …
Transcriptional activation of the small GTPase gene rhoB by genotoxic stress is regulated via a CCAAT element
2001
The gene encoding the Ras-related GTPase RhoB-specific is immediate-early inducible by genotoxic treatments. Regulation of transcriptional activation of rhoB is still unclear. Here we show that cells lacking either p53 or c-Fos are not different from wild-type cells with respect to the level of rhoB induction upon UV irradiation, indicating that these transcription factors are not crucial for stimulation of rhoB mRNA expression. Extracts from UV-irradiated and non-irradiated cells revealed similar DNA-binding activities to a 0.17 kb rhoB promoter fragment harboring the functional element(s) necessary for stimulation of rhoB by UV light. By means of immunoprecipitation we found that an ATF-2…
Hydrodynamic liver gene transfer mechanism involves transient sinusoidal blood stasis and massive hepatocyte endocytic vesicles
2005
The present study contributes to clarify the mechanism underlying the high efficacy of hepatocyte gene transfer mediated by hydrodynamic injection. Gene transfer experiments were performed employing the hAAT gene, and the efficacy and differential identification in mouse plasma of human transgene versus mouse gene was assessed by ELISA and proteomic procedures, respectively. By applying different experimental strategies such as cumulative dose-response efficacy, hemodynamic changes reflected by venous pressures, intravital microscopy, and morphological changes established by transmission electron microscopy, we found that: (a) cumulative multiple doses of transgene by hydrodynamic injection…
On C1 robust singular transitive sets for three-dimensional flows
1998
Abstract The main goal of this paper is to study robust invariant transitive sets containing singularities for C 1 flows on three-dimensional compact boundaryless manifolds: they are partially hyperbolic with volume expanding central direction. Moreover, they are either attractors or repellers. Robust here means that this property cannot be destroyed by small C 1 -perturbations of the flow.
Trip Characteristics Analysis of the Effects of a Travel Behavior Change Program
2018
[EN] Travel behavior change programs (TBCP) are measures or actions specifically designed to motivate people to reduce their car use. This study contributes to the literature on rigorous evaluation of the effects of participating in TBCP. In particular, we analyze the effect of TBCP in relation to a potential for a reduction in car use. In contrast to previous studies, the effect of TBCP is analyzed considering two characteristics of the trip: travel companion and time of trip. The TBCP, consisting of three persuasion actions customized to the needs of the participants in the research, was designed and implemented in Valencia (Spain). To evaluate the effects of participating in the TBCP, a …
Improving performance of roundabout intersections by optimizing traffic-flow speed
2017
Streamlining of urban traffic influence nowadays almost everything about our modern life. The main effect, which we all feel as the daily traffic participants, either as pedestrians or vehicles drivrers, is travel time to work and back. Roundabouts intersections have a number of advantages over intersections with traffic lights, they reduce the severity of accidents, traffic speeds to provide an “calmer” road environment. So, operating performance of roundabouts are complicated, influenced by the confluence operations. The paper aims at analyzing the current situation of traffic in two crowded roundabouts in Sibiu, comparing the results with the original data and proposing solutions to impr…