Search results for "REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES"
showing 10 items of 879 documents
Genomic instability induced by α-pinene in Chinese hamster cell line.
2012
Here, we report the effects of exposure of mammalian cells to α-pinene, a bicyclic monoterpene used in insecticides, solvents and perfumes. Morphological analysis, performed in V79-Cl3 cells exposed for 1 h to increasing concentrations (25 up to 50 μM) of α-pinene, indicated a statistically significant increase in micronucleated and multinucleated cell frequencies; apoptotic cells were seen at 40 and 50 μM. This monoterpene caused genomic instability by interfering with mitotic process; in fact, 50% of cells (versus 19% of control cells) showed irregular mitosis with multipolar or incorrectly localised spindles. Cytogenetic analysis demonstrated high-frequency hypodiploid metaphases as well…
Cytotoxic Activity of Organotin(IV) Derivatives with Triazolopyrimidine Containing Exocyclic Oxygen Atoms
2020
In this study cytotoxicity of organotin(IV) compounds with 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines, Me3Sn(5tpO) (1), n-Bu3Sn(5tpO) (2), Me3Sn(mtpO) (3), n-Bu3Sn(mtpO) (4), n-Bu3Sn(HtpO2) (5), Ph3Sn(HtpO2) (6) where 5HtpO = 4,5-dihydro-5-oxo-[1,2,4]triazolo-[1,5-a]pyrimidine, HmtpO = 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-7-oxo-[1,2,4]triazolo-[1,5-a]pyrimidine, and H2tpO2 = 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-5,7- dioxo-[1,2,4]triazolo-[1,5-a]-pyrimidine, was assessed on three different human tumor cell lines: HCT-116 (colorectal carcinoma), HepG2 (hepatocarcinoma) and MCF-7 (breast cancer). While 1 and 3 were inactive, compounds 2, 4, 5 and 6 inhibited the growth of the three tumor cell lines with IC50 values in the submicromolar …
In vitro and in vivo characterization of a new organic nitrate hybrid drug covalently bound to pioglitazone.
2014
<b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Organic nitrates represent a group of nitrovasodilators that are clinically used for the treatment of ischemic heart disease. The new compound CLC-3000 is an aminoethyl nitrate (AEN) derivative of pioglitazone, a thiazolidinedione antidiabetic agent combining the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor &#947; agonist activity of pioglitazone with the NO-donating activity of the nitrate moiety. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In vitro and in vivo characterization was performed by isometric tension recording, platelet function, bleeding time and detection of oxidative stress. <b><i>Results:</i></…
Utilizing inherent fluorescence of therapeutics to analyze real-time uptake and multi-parametric effector kinetics.
2011
Abstract The precise detection of pharmaceutical drug uptake and knowledge of a drug’s efficacy at the single-cell level is crucial for understanding a compound’s performance. Many pharmaceutical drugs, like the model substances Doxorubicin, Mitoxantrone or Irinotecan, have a distinctive natural fluorescence that can be readily exploited for research purposes. Utilizing this respective natural fluorescence, we propose a method analyzing simultaneously in real-time the efficiency, effects and the associated kinetics of compound-uptake and efflux in mammalian cells by flow cytometry. We show that real-time flow cytometric quantification of compound-uptake is reliably measured and that analyzi…
Cytometric analysis for drug-induced steatosis in HepG2 cells
2009
Drugs are capable of inducing hepatic lipid accumulation. When fat accumulates, lipids are primarily stored as triglycerides which results in steatosis and provides substrates for lipid peroxidation. An in vitro multiparametric flow cytometry assay was performed in HepG2 cells by using fluorescent probes to analyze cell viability (propidium iodide, PI), lipid accumulation (BODIPY493/503), mitochondrial membrane potential (tetramethyl rhodamine methyl ester, TMRM) and reactive oxygen species generation (ROS) (2',7'-dihydrochlorofluorescein diacetate, DHCF-DA) as functional markers. All the measurements were restricted to live cells by gating the cells that excluded PI or those that exhibited…
Dryofragin, a phloroglucinol derivative, induces apoptosis in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells through ROS-mediated mitochondrial pathway
2012
Dryofragin is a phloroglucinol derivative extracted from Dryopteris fragrans (L.) Schott. In this study, the anticancer activity of dryofragin on human breast cancer MCF-7 cells was investigated. Dryofragin inhibited the growth of MCF-7 cells in a time and concentration-dependent manner. The cell viability was measured using MTT assay. After treatment with dryofragin for 72, 48 and 24 h, the IC₅₀ values were 27.26, 37.51 and 76.10 μM, respectively. Further analyses of DNA fragmentation and Annexin V-PI double-labeling indicated an induction of apoptosis. Dryofragin-treatment MCF-7 cells had a significantly accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as an increased percentage of …
Polynitroxylated hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier: inhibition of free radical-induced microcirculatory dysfunction.
1999
Reactive oxygen species have been identified as key mediators of leukocyte/endothelial cell interaction under various pathological conditions and diseases such as ischemia/reperfusion injury, inflammation, and after exposure to cigarette smoke. Consequently, antioxidants have been shown to successfully prevent the sequelae of these conditions, ranging from tissue infarction to atherogenesis. In this study we investigated whether, via its established superoxide dismutase-like activity, a novel polynitroxyl hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (PNH), could affect the stimulation of leukocyte rolling and adhesion to endothelial cells in response to cigarette smoke. Using the dorsal skin fold chambe…
Hypothalamic glucose sensing : mitochondrial dynamic involument in reactive oxygen species signaling
2011
Energetic homeostasis results in the balance between energy intake and expenditure. The hypothalamus plays an important role in the regulation of both energetic metabolism and food intake in sensing hormonal and metabolic signals. For instance, changes in hypothalamic glucose level modulate food intake and insulin secretion. We have previously found that 1) increased hypothalamic glucose level triggers production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) from the electron transport chain; 2) hypothalamic mROS production is involved in glucose homeostasis and food intake control. The molecular mechanisms involved in glucose-induced hypothalamic mROS production are still unknown. Mitoch…
Thermodynamics, transport phenomena, and electrochemistry of external field-assisted nonthermal food technologies
2017
Interest in the development and adoption of nonthermal technologies is burgeoning within the food and bioprocess industry, the associated research community, and among the consumers. This is evident from not only the success of some innovative nonthermal technologies at industrial scale, but also from the increasing number of publications dealing with these topics, a growing demand for foods processed by nonthermal technologies and use of natural ingredients. A notable feature of the nonthermal technologies such as cold plasma, electrohydrodynamic processing, pulsed electric fields, and ultrasound is the involvement of external fields, either electric or sound. Therefore, it merits to study…
Chironomus riparius exposure to fullerene-contaminated sediment results in oxidative stress and may impact life cycle parameters
2015
A key component of understanding the potential environmental risks of fullerenes (C60) is their potential effects on benthic invertebrates. Using the sediment dwelling invertebrate Chironomus riparius we explored the effects of acute (12 h and 24 h) and chronic (10 d, 15 d, and 28 d) exposures of sediment associated fullerenes. The aims of this study were to assess the impact of exposure to C60 in the sediment top layer ((0.025, 0.18 and 0.48) C60 mg/cm2) on larval growth, oxidative stress and emergence rates and to quantify larval body burdens in similarly exposed organisms. Oxidative stress localization was observed in the tissues next to the microvilli and exoskeleton through a method fo…