Search results for "RECOMBINATION"

showing 10 items of 270 documents

Mitotic Recombination and Genetic Changes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae during Wine Fermentation

2000

Natural strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are prototrophic homothallic yeasts that sporulate poorly, are often heterozygous, and may be aneuploid. This genomic constitution may confer selective advantages in some environments. Different mechanisms of recombination, such as meiosis or mitotic rearrangement of chromosomes, have been proposed for wine strains. We studied the stability of the URA3 locus of a URA3/ura3 wine yeast in consecutive grape must fermentations. ura3/ura3 homozygotes were detected at a rate of 1 x 10(-5) to 3 x 10(-5) per generation, and mitotic rearrangements for chromosomes VIII and XII appeared after 30 mitotic divisions. We used the karyotype as a meiotic marker an…

Mitotic crossoverSaccharomyces cerevisiaeMitosisGenetics and Molecular BiologyWineSaccharomyces cerevisiaeApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyGenetic recombinationFungal ProteinsMeiosisFermentacióDNA FungalMitosisGeneticsFermentation in winemakingRecombination GeneticEcologybiologyHomozygotefood and beveragesvinificationSpores Fungalbiology.organism_classificationElectrophoresis Gel Pulsed-FieldYeast in winemakingMeiosiswine fermentationKaryotypingFermentationMitotic recombinationChromosomes FungalHomologous recombinationFood ScienceBiotechnology
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NMR study of hexanucleotide d(CCGCGG)2 containing two triplet repeats of fragile X syndrome

2003

Abstract Long repeated stretches of d(CCG) and tri-nucleotide are crucial mutations that cause hereditary forms of mental retardation (fragile X-syndrome). Moreover, the alternating (CG) di-nucleotide is one of the candidates for Z-DNA conformation. Solution NMR structure of d(CCGCGG) 2 has been solved and is discussed. The determined NMR solution structure is a distorted highly bent B-DNA conformation with increased flexibility in both terminal residues. This conformation differs significantly from the Z-DNA tetramer structure reported for the same hexamer in the crystal state at similar ionic strength by Malinina and co-workers. Crystal structure of d(CCGCGG) 2 at high salt concentration …

Models MolecularMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyOligonucleotidesBiophysicsCrystal structureRandom hexamerRing (chemistry)Biochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundTetramerNucleic AcidsHumansMoleculeComputer SimulationMolecular BiologyRecombination Geneticchemistry.chemical_classificationChemistryDNACell BiologyFuranoseCrystallographyIonic strengthFragile X SyndromeNucleic Acid ConformationTrinucleotide Repeat ExpansionCytosineBiochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
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Chimeric Genomes of Natural Hybrids of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces kudriavzevii

2009

11 pages, 6 figures.-- PMID: 19251887 [PubMed].-- Printed version published Apr 2009.

Molecular Sequence DataSaccharomyces cerevisiaeNatural hybridsWineSaccharomyces cerevisiaeBiologyApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologySaccharomycesGenomeGenètica molecularSaccharomycesMeiosisaCGHEvolutionary and Genomic MicrobiologyDNA FungalGeneGene RearrangementRecombination GeneticGeneticsComparative Genomic HybridizationEcologyChromosomeqRT-PCRSequence Analysis DNAbiology.organism_classificationAneuploidyDNA FingerprintingChromosome DeletionGenome FungalRestriction fragment length polymorphismSaccharomyces kudriavzeviiRecombination pointsPolymorphism Restriction Fragment LengthSaccharomyces kudriavzeviiFood ScienceBiotechnologyGenome hybridization
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A bicistronic vector backbone for rapid seamless cloning and chimerization of αβT-cell receptor sequences.

2020

To facilitate preclinical testing of T-cell receptors (TCRs) derived from tumor-reactive T-cell clones it is necessary to develop convenient and rapid cloning strategies for the generation of TCR expression constructs. Herein, we describe a pDONR™221 vector backbone allowing to generate Gateway™ compatible entry clones encoding optimized bicistronic αβTCR constructs. It harbors P2A-linked TCR constant regions and head-to-head-oriented recognition sites of the Type IIS restriction enzymes BsmBI and BsaI for seamless cloning of the TCRα and TCRβ V(D)J regions, respectively. Additional well-established TCR optimizations were incorporated to enhance TCR functionality. This included replacing of…

Molecular biologyReceptors Antigen T-Cell alpha-betaT-LymphocytesArtificial Gene Amplification and ExtensionPolymerase Chain ReactionImmune ReceptorsBiochemistryWhite Blood CellsTransduction (genetics)Animal CellsTransduction GeneticCellular typesChlorocebus aethiopsMedicine and Health SciencesCytotoxic T cellCloning MolecularImmune System ProteinsMultidisciplinaryCOS cellsChemistryV(D)J recombinationQRVector Constructionmedicine.anatomical_structureCOS CellsMedicineResearch ArticleSignal TransductionCell biologyBlood cellsImmune CellsT cellScienceImmunologyGenetic VectorsT cellsCytotoxic T cellsComputational biologyDNA constructionResearch and Analysis MethodsCell LineGene Expression and Vector TechniquesmedicineAnimalsHumansMolecular Biology TechniquesCloningMolecular Biology Assays and Analysis TechniquesBiology and life sciencesT-cell receptorProteinsVector CloningCoculture TechniquesV(D)J RecombinationT Cell ReceptorsRestriction enzymeHEK293 CellsRetroviridaePlasmid ConstructionCloningPLoS ONE
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Diminishing Returns of Population Size in the Rate of RNA Virus Adaptation

2000

ABSTRACT Whenever an asexual viral population evolves by adapting to new environmental conditions, beneficial mutations, the ultimate cause of adaptation, are randomly produced and then fixed in the population. The larger the population size and the higher the mutation rate, the more beneficial mutations can be produced per unit time. With the usually high mutation rate of RNA viruses and in a large enough population, several beneficial mutations could arise at the same time but in different genetic backgrounds, and if the virus is asexual, they will never be brought together through recombination. Thus, the best of these genotypes must outcompete each other on their way to fixation. This c…

Mutation rateAdolescentImmunologyPopulationBiologyVirus ReplicationModels BiologicalMicrobiologyVesicular stomatitis Indiana virusCell LineCricetinaeVirologyAnimalsHumanseducationGeneticseducation.field_of_studyModels StatisticalClonal interferencePopulation sizeRNARNA virusbiology.organism_classificationAdaptation PhysiologicalBiological EvolutionFixation (population genetics)Vesicular stomatitis virusInsect ScienceMutationRecombination and EvolutionJournal of Virology
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Role of Ge nanoclusters in the performance of photodetectors compatible with Si technology

2013

In this work, we investigate the spectral response of metal-oxide- semiconductor photodetectors based on Ge nanoclusters (NCs) embedded in a silicon dioxide (SiO2) matrix. The role of Ge NC size and density on the spectral response was evaluated by comparing the performance of PDs based on either densely packed arrays of 2 nm-diameter NCs or a more sparse array of 8 nm-diameter Ge NCs. Our Ge NC photodetectors exhibit a high spectral responsivity in the 500-1000 nm range with internal quantum efficiency of ~ 700% at - 10 V, and with NC array parameters such as NC density and size playing a crucial role in the photoconductive gain and response time. We find that the configuration with a more…

NanoclusterMaterials sciencechemistry.chemical_elementPhotodetectorGermaniumPhotoconductive gainSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaNanoclustersResponse time (computer systems) GermaniumHigh-efficiency photodetectorGermanium; Nanocluster; High-efficiency photodetectorsSparse arrayHigh-efficiencyResponse timeMaterials ChemistryGainPhotodetectorbusiness.industryGermaniumPhotoconductivityInternal quantum efficiencyMetals and AlloysResponse timeSurfaces and InterfacesPhotonSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsRecombination centerchemistrySemiconductor photodetectorHigh-efficiency photodetectorsOptoelectronicsSpectral responseQuantum efficiencybusinessExcitationSpectral responsivity Nanocluster
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Genetic variability and evolutionary analysis of parietaria mottle virus: role of selection and genetic exchange

2015

[EN] The genetic variability and evolution of parietaria mottle virus (PMoV) of the genus Ilarvirus was studied by analyzing nucleotide sequences of 2b and CP genes from isolates collected in different countries. Phylogenetic analysis showed that PMoV isolates clustered in different clades: one (clade I) composed of only Italian isolates and three clades (clades II-IV) including the Spanish isolates. The Greek isolate GrT-1 used in this study was in clade IV for the CP phylogenetic tree whereas it formed a separate branch in the 2b phylogenetic tree. The nucleotide sequence diversity of both the 2b and CP genes was low (0.062 +/- A 0.006 and 0.063 +/- A 0.006 for 2b and CP, respectively) bu…

Nonsynonymous substitutionRNA virusesPopulation geneticsMovementMolecular Sequence DataPopulation geneticsBiologyIlarvirusTomatoEvolution MolecularPhylogeneticsVirologyRatesGenetic variationMosaic virusSequencePRODUCCION VEGETALGenetic variabilityOriginsCladePhylogenyPlant DiseasesIlarvirusGeneticsCoat proteinPhylogenetic treeparietaria mottle virus genetic exchange evolutionary analysisGenetic VariationSettore AGR/12 - Patologia VegetaleMICROBIOLOGIAGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationVirologyBiological EvolutionRecombinationParietariaCapsid Proteins
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Molecular tunneling and pumping effects in low temperature MBCO recombination

1992

Recombination of carbonmonoxide after photodissociation has been studied by Mossbauer spectroscopy at 4.2K and in the low temperature region, where tunneling effects play an important role in rebinding. We interpret the kinetic results in terms of a radiationless nonadiabatic multiphonon transition, which leads to a uniform description for all temperatures. Prolonged illumination at low temperature results in pumping into long-living states.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsChemical physicsChemistryMössbauer spectroscopyPhotodissociationPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsCondensed Matter PhysicsKinetic energyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsQuantum tunnellingRecombinationHyperfine Interactions
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Recombination studies of photodissociated MbCO by Mössbauer spectroscopy at low temperatures

1990

Rebinding of carbonmonoxide to myoglobin after photodissociation has been studied by Mossbauer spectroscopy at 57.6 K and below for up to 9 days. The time dependence is reproduced by a set of exponentials representing a distribution of activation enthalpies. A shift to smaller values of these activation enthalpies and of the preexponential factor compared to optical studies at higher temperatures has been observed as well as pumping into long-living states.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsChemistryEnthalpyPhotodissociationAnalytical chemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticschemistry.chemical_compoundMyoglobinComputational chemistryMössbauer spectroscopyPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryThin filmSpectroscopyRecombinationHyperfine Interactions
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The model of recombination process in TlBr

2002

The time-resolved luminescence was used as a tool in the study of recombination process in several undoped TlBr crystals. The spectra and decay kinetics observed under electron beam excitation were investigated. Observation of several luminescence bands with different decay rates shows that more than one recombination center is involved and the recombination process is quite complicated. The band at ∼2.5 eV is dominant under 10 ns excitation pulse (electron beam or nitrogen laser pulses). The results of short-lived absorption and luminescence are used for analysis of possible mechanisms of recombination processes in TlBr.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsChemistryKineticsCathode rayNitrogen laserAtomic physicsLuminescenceAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)InstrumentationRecombinationSpectral lineExcitationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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