Search results for "RED"

Is Myeloperoxidase a Key Component in the ROS-Induced Vascular Damage Related to Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes?

2013

AbstractIt is still unclear whether microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes correlate with leukocyte-endothelium interactions and/or myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels. In the present study, we found that serum levels of glucose, the rate of ROS and MPO concentration were higher in type 2 diabetic patients. Patients with nephropathy (39.6%) presented higher MPO levels that correlate positively with the albumin/creatinine ratio (r=0.59, p<0.05). In addition, nephropatic patients showed increased leukocyte-endothelium interactions due to an undermining of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) rolling velocity and increased rolling flux and adhesion, which was accompanied by a rise in levels of …

Damage-associated molecular pattern activated Toll-like receptor 4 signalling modulates blood pressure in L-NAME-induced hypertension

2013

Aims Recent publications have shed new light on the role of the adaptive and innate immune system in the pathogenesis of hypertension. However, there are limited data whether receptors of the innate immune system may influence blood pressure. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a pattern recognition receptor, is a key component of the innate immune system, which is activated by exogenous and endogenous ligands. Hypertension is associated with end-organ damage and thus might lead to the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which are endogenous activators of TLR4 receptors. The present study aimed to elucidate whether TLR4 signalling is able to modulate vascular contractility in …

Knee extension strength and walking speed in relation to quadriceps muscle composition and training in elderly women.

1994

Summary. Knee extension strength, walking speed, quadriceps muscle mass and composition of the muscle compartment were studied in 66 to 85-year-old female athletes and controls. Maximal voluntary knee extension force, force/body mass, extension torque, torque/body mass and walking speed were higher for the athletes than the controls. A muscle index indicating intramuscular fat and connective tissue measured using ultrasonography was lower for the athletes than the controls. There were no differences between the study groups in knee extension force related either to cross-sectional area (CSA) or lean tissue area (CSAL) of the quadriceps. Within the subgroups, there was no significant correla…

Role of the gamma-glutamyl cycle in the regulation of amino acid translocation

1989

Amino acid translocation was studied in the mammary gland of lactating rats and in the placenta of pregnant rats. The uptake of amino acids by the mammary gland is maximal on days 10-14 of lactation and is minimal on days 19-21. However, on day 19 maximal uptake can be restored by injection of 1) small amounts of gamma-glutamyl amino acids, 2) 5-oxoproline, and 3) an inhibitor of 5-oxoprolinase. A severe decrease in uptake of amino acids at the peak of lactation is provoked by anthglutin, an inhibitor of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT). Simultaneous injection of 5-oxoproline blocks these effects of anthglutin. In pregnant rats, inhibition (79%) of placental GGT activity by acivicin resul…

Inter-individual different responses to continuous and interval training in recreational middle-aged women runners

2020

A crucial subject in sports is identifying the inter-individual variation in response to training, which would allow creating individualized pre-training schedules, improving runner’s performance. We aimed to analyze heterogeneity in individual responses to two half-marathon training programs differing in running volume and intensity in middle-aged recreational women. 20 women (40 ± 7 years, 61 ± 7 kg, 167 ± 6 cm, and VO2max = 48 ± 6 mL⋅kg–1⋅min–1) underwent either moderate-intensity continuous (MICT) or high-intensity interval (HIIT) 12-week training. They were evaluated before and after training with maximal incremental tests in the laboratory (VO2max) and in the field (time to exhaustion…

The metabolic syndrome in hypertension: European society of hypertension position statement.

2008

The metabolic syndrome considerably increases the risk of cardiovascular and renal events in hypertension. It has been associated with a wide range of classical and new cardiovascular risk factors as well as with early signs of subclinical cardiovascular and renal damage. Obesity and insulin resistance, beside a constellation of independent factors, which include molecules of hepatic, vascular, and immunologic origin with proinflammatory properties, have been implicated in the pathogenesis. The close relationships among the different components of the syndrome and their associated disturbances make it difficult to understand what the underlying causes and consequences are. At each of these …

Exercise causes blood glutathione oxidation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: prevention by O2 therapy

1996

Viña, José, Emilio Servera, Miguel Asensi, Juan Sastre, Federico V. Pallardó, José A. Ferrero, JoséGarcı́a-de-la-Asunción, Vicente Antón, and Julio Marı́n. Exercise causes blood glutathione oxidation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: prevention by O2therapy. J. Appl. Physiol. 81(5): 2199–2202, 1996.—The aim of the present study was to determine whether glutathione oxidation occurs in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients who perform exercise and whether this could be prevented. Blood glutathione red-ox ratio [oxidized-to-reduced glutathione (GSSG/GSH)] was significantly increased when patients performed exercise for a short period of time until exhaustion. Their res…

Erythrocyte membrane fluidity during mesoglycan treatment

1992

Erythrocyte Ca2+ content and red cell membrane transverse fluidity gradient in a group of subjects with chronic renal failure (CRF)

1991

Lack of autoreceptor mediated regulation of the spontaneous dopamine turnover in the isolated neurointermediate lobe of the rat pituitary gland in vi…

1990

Isolated neurointermediate lobes of the rat pituitary gland were incubated in Krebs-HEPES solution and the spontaneous outflow of endogenous dopamine and its metabolites (DOPAC, HVA and MOPET) was determined by HPLC with electrochemical detection. The spontaneous outflow of dopamine metabolites (about 1500 fmol/10 min) largely exceeded that of dopamine (about 60 fmol/10 min). Apomorphine concentration-dependently (IC50, 205 nmol/l) reduced the spontaneous outflow of the dopamine metabolites. The effect of apomorphine developed slowly and was progressive over an observation period of 70 min. After 1 h of exposure to a maximall effective concentration of apomorphine (10 mumol/l), the outflow …