Search results for "REDUCTION"
showing 10 items of 2058 documents
Predicting tire/pavement noise impact reduction using numerical simulation and experimental data for open graded asphalt mixture
2013
The environmental impact of noise from roads and highways traffic is relevant in urban and rural areas. The use of open-graded asphalt pavements reduces significantly the noise, entrapping the acoustic waves inside the porous structure of the material. In this paper we propose a simulation approach in order to predict the acoustic properties of the asphalt mixture from geometrical and topological indicators. In detail we have generated, using a Random Sequential Adsorption model, synthetic samples starting from the same grading and bitumen contents of real samples manufactured in laboratory. We have measured the acoustic adsorption coefficient of the real samples and we have investigated th…
Assessing the Open Trenches in Screening Railway Ground-Borne Vibrations by Means of Artificial Neural Network
2009
Reducing ground borne vibrations in urban areas is a very challenging task in railway transportation. Many mitigation measures can be considered and applied; among these open trenches are very effective. This paper deals with the study of the effect, in terms of reduction of vertical and horizontal displacements and velocities, of the open trenches. 2D FEM simulations have been performed and several open trench configurations have been analysed varying the main geometric features such as width and depth, distance from the rail, thickness of the soil layer over the rigid bedrock, type of the ground, ratio between the depth of the trench, and the thickness of the soil layer. For quantifying t…
Modulation of alcohol consumption using an operant self-administration paradigm: effects of a new dopamine aminoacidic conjugate, Phenylalanine-β(3,4…
2014
Rewarding and reinforcing properties of alcohol have been shown to be mediated by activation of the mesolimbic dopaminergic system. Experimental evidences suggest that mesolimbic dopamine system is hypofunctional in addicted brain; further, reduced dopaminergic activity outlasts somatic signs of withdrawal and may drive craving and relapse. Boosting strategy on dopaminergic neurons could represent a valid therapy. Effects of pharmacological manipulation of brain Dopaminergic receptors by a new dopamine conjugate, Phenylalanine-β(3,4dihydroxyphenyl)-etilamide (DA-Phen), on operant behaviour and on both acute and prolonged withdrawal symptoms during ethanol abstinence have been evaluated. Mal…
Synthesis of Amino-1,2,4-triazoles by Reductive ANRORC Rearrangements of 1,2,4-Oxadiazoles
2010
The reaction of various 1,2,4-oxadiazoles with an excess of hydrazine in DMF has been investigated. 3-Amino- 1,2,4-triazoles are produced through a reductive ANRORC pathway consisting of the addition of hydrazine to the 1,2,4-oxadiazole followed by ring-opening, ring-closure, and final reduction of the 3-hydroxylamino-1,2,4-triazole intermediate. The general applicability of 1,2,4-oxadiazoles ANRORC reactivity is demonstrated also in the absence of C(5)-linked electron-withdrawing groups.
Oxidation of aromatic alcohols in irradiated aqueous suspensions of commercial and home-prepared rutile TiO(2): a selectivity study.
2008
WOS: 000256241700021
DFT Prediction of Enhanced Reducibility of Monoclinic Zirconia upon Rhodium Deposition.
2018
Oxides are an important class of materials and are widely used, for example, as supports in heterogeneous catalysis. In a number of industrial catalytic processes, oxide supports actively participate in chemical transformations by releasing lattice oxygen anions. While this is intuitively understood for reducible oxides, the reducibility of irreducible oxides may be modified via nanoengineering or upon inclusion of foreign species. Our calculations predict that the ability of irreducible monoclinic zirconia to release oxygen improves substantially upon deposition of rhodium. Through a comprehensive screening of Rh/ZrO2 with different size of the rhodium species, we find that a Rh adatom and…
Partial-order reduction for parity games and parameterised Boolean equation systems
2022
AbstractIn model checking, reduction techniques can be helpful tools to fight the state-space explosion problem. Partial-order reduction (POR) is a well-known example, and many POR variants have been developed over the years. However, none of these can be used in the context of model checking stutter-sensitive temporal properties. We propose POR techniques for parity games, a well-established formalism for solving a variety of decision problems, including model checking. As a result, we obtain the first POR method that is sound for the full modal $$\upmu $$ μ -calculus. We show how our technique can be applied to the fixed point logic called parameterised Boolean equation systems, which pro…
Is no One Left Behind? Inclusive Citizenship in Practices of Self-help Groups in Rural Tanzania
2023
The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are based on the Agenda 2030 according to which ‘no one is left behind’, highlighting the need for inclusive citizenship at all levels. This article examines self-help groups in rural Tanzania as potential arenas for inclusive citizenship, which is defined as bottom-up practices of membership, participation, and livelihood enhancement. However, inclusive citizenship is also characterised by exclusions. Therefore, while acknowledging the important contribution of self-help groups for development, this article scrutinises the question of patterns of exclusion, first, in practices of self-help groups, and second, in the relationships bet…
Optimization of BESS Capacity Under a Peak Load Shaving Strategy
2018
Battery energy storage systems (BESSs) are becoming increasingly competitive in the global energy landscape, thanks to the strong cost reduction that has taken place in recent years and it is expected to continue in the next future. Among the many benefits BESSs can provide, time shifting can be exploited by electricity consumers to save on the electricity bill, charging the storage during the off-peak hours and discharging when the cost of electricity is high. This paper describes a simple procedure to optimize the BESS capacity under a peak load shaving strategy, in presence of a time-of-use (TOU) electricity rate, able to guarantee, at the same time, the flattest daily power diagram and …
Molecular evolution of aphids and their primary (Buchnera sp.) and secondary endosymbionts: Implications for the role of symbiosis in insect evolution
2001
Aphids maintain an obligate, endosymbiotic association with Buchnera sp., a bacterium closely related to Escherichia coli. Bacteria are housed in specialized cells of organ-like structures called bacteriomes in the hemocoel of the aphid and are maternally transmitted. Phylogenetic studies have shown that the association had a single origin, dated about 200-250 million years ago, and that host and endosymbiont lineages have evolved in parallel since then. However, the pattern of deepest branching within the aphid family remains unsolved, which thereby hampers an appraisal of, for example, the role played by horizontal gene transfer in the early evolution of Buchnera. The main role of Buchner…