Search results for "REDUCTION"
showing 10 items of 2058 documents
Declinazione mediterranea di un’urbanistica sostenibile: Marseille Euroméditerranée II
2013
The testing of models of sustainable development in a growing number of cities shows that this has become one of the priority tasks in urban planning, requiring the use of new paradigms of reference, new design principles and new tools for action. At the beginning of the last century the materials used in urban planning were "the sun, space, nature, steel, and reinforced concrete, in that order and in this hierarchy" ( Le Corbusier , 1933). Nowadays, we are witnessing the appearance of new materials such as pollution, waste, land waste, traffic congestion, the abandonment of parts of the city, the indiscriminate use of non-renewable energy sources, unemployment, poverty, social exclusion , …
Inhibition of denitrification and N2O emission by urine-derived benzoic and hippuric acid
2006
Abstract Hippuric acid (HA) in cattle urine acts as a natural inhibitor of soil N2O emissions. As HA concentration varies with diet, we determined critical HA levels. We also tested the hypothesis that the inhibition occurs because the HA breakdown product benzoic acid (BA) inhibits denitrification rates. During a 64-day incubation, we quantified emissions from artificial urine varying in HA, BA and glycine (Gly) concentrations, added to a sandy pasture soil. Increasing HA concentration from 0.4 to 5.6 mmol kg−1 soil significantly decreased the average N2O flux by 54%. At 3.9 mmol kg−1 soil, denitrification levels were 50% reduced for BA as compared to Gly. We conclude that HA inhibits both…
Emulation of Sun-Induced Fluorescence from Radiance Data Recorded by the HyPlant Airborne Imaging Spectrometer
2021
The retrieval of sun-induced fluorescence (SIF) from hyperspectral radiance data grew to maturity with research activities around the FLuorescence EXplorer satellite mission FLEX, yet full-spectrum estimation methods such as the spectral fitting method (SFM) are computationally expensive. To bypass this computational load, this work aims to approximate the SFM-based SIF retrieval by means of statistical learning, i.e., emulation. While emulators emerged as fast surrogate models of simulators, the accuracy-speedup trade-offs are still to be analyzed when the emulation concept is applied to experimental data. We evaluated the possibility of approximating the SFM-like SIF output directly based…
Space-by-Time Modular Decomposition Effectively Describes Whole-Body Muscle Activity During Upright Reaching in Various Directions
2017
The modular control hypothesis suggests that motor commands are built from precoded modules whose specific combined recruitment can allow the performance of virtually any motor task. Despite considerable experimental support, this hypothesis remains tentative as classical findings of reduced dimensionality in muscle activity may also result from other constraints (biomechanical couplings, data averaging or low dimensionality of motor tasks). Here we assessed the effectiveness of modularity in describing muscle activity in a comprehensive experiment comprising 72 distinct point-to-point whole-body movements during which the activity of 30 muscles was recorded. To identify invariant modules o…
Trapping and Reactivity of a Molecular Aluminium Oxide Ion
2019
Aluminium oxides constitute an important class of inorganic compound that are widely exploited in the chemical industry as catalysts and catalyst supports. Due to the tendency for such systems to aggregate via Al‐O‐Al bridges, the synthesis of well‐defined, soluble, molecular models for these materials is challenging. Here we show that reactions of the potassium aluminyl complex K 2 [( NON )Al] 2 ( NON = 4,5‐bis(2,6‐diiso‐propylanilido)‐2,7‐di‐tert‐butyl‐9,9‐dimethylxanthene) with CO 2 , PhNCO and N 2 O all proceed via a common aluminium oxide intermediate. This highly reactive species can be trapped by coordination of a THF molecule as the anionic oxide complex [( NON )AlO(THF)] ‐ , which …
Distinct microbial populations are tightly linked to the profile of dissolved iron in the methanic sediments of the Helgoland mud area, North Sea
2015
Iron reduction in subseafloor sulfate-depleted and methane-rich marine sediments is currently a subject of interest in subsurface geomicrobiology. While iron reduction and microorganisms involved have been well studied in marine surface sediments, little is known about microorganisms responsible for iron reduction in deep methanic sediments. Here, we used quantitative PCR-based 16S rRNA gene copy numbers and pyrosequencing-based relative abundances of bacteria and archaea to investigate covariance between distinct microbial populations and specific geochemical profiles in the top 5 m of sediment cores from the Helgoland mud area, North Sea. We found that gene copy numbers of bacteria and ar…
Virtualization of work in global supply chains
2016
ABSTRACT. Background: The paper is devoted to the notion and benefits of implementing virtual work in global supply chains. Virtual work must be understood as an intentional activity of a human being, aimed at rendering services (tangible and intangible), by means of ITC tools, performed in a distance from the traditional place of work, in a mobile manner. The empirical research were conducted on the basis of 4 case studies of global leaders of supply chains, which in accordance with M. Fisher's classification, represent two types. The case studies confirmed the positive influence of virtual work both in effective and flexible supply chains. Favourable market and technological conditions an…
Catalytic applications of TiO2
2021
Abstract The use of TiO2 as heterogeneous catalyst and/or active support for metals or other oxides is here reported. Many reactions of industrial relevance involve, in fact, titania-based catalysts, among them, NOx abatement, Fischer–Tropsch and water–gas shift, Deacon and Claus processes, hydrodesulfurizations and hydrogenations, selective reductions and selective oxidations. This chapter aims to discuss the main applications of TiO2, in its different forms, as effective support or catalyst for thermocatalytic and photo-thermocatalytic reactions, focusing on the role of its structural and physicochemical properties on the catalytic performance (activity, selectivity, stability).
Composite Membranes of Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone) with Active Carbon: Composite Preparation and Investigation of their Properties for Potent…
2020
Authors of this work acknowledge funding from European Union`s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program project under grant agreement No 768789.
Poissonin yhtälön nopeat ratkaisijat
2016
Tutkielmassa esitellään Poissonin yhtälö sekä sen diskretointi. Lisäksi käydään läpi kaksi nopeaa numeerista menetelmää yhtälön ratkaisemiseksi. Yksinkertaisuuden vuoksi rajoitutaan kaksiulotteisiin tehtäviin, joissa on voimassa Dirichle’t reunaehto. Ensimmäinen menetelmistä on monihilamenetelmä, joka on iteratiivinen menetelmä, ja toisena syklinen reduktio, joka on suora menetelmä. Molemmat menetelmät ovat hyvin tehokkaita sekä helposti rinnakkaistuvia. In this thesis we introduce Poisson’s equation and its discretization. In addition we go through two fast numerical methods for solving the equation. The thesis is limited only to two-dimensional cases with Dirichlet boundary condition. The…