Search results for "REGION"
showing 10 items of 4910 documents
Anatomic basis for the dorsal radial flap of the thumb: clinical applications
1996
The pattern of the dorsal arterial supply of the thumb was studied by the dissection of 25 thumbs of fresh cadavers. A constant vascular axis was found, originating at the radial a. and communicating at the level of the middle third of the proximal phalanx with the arterial palmar circuit. The constant presence of this vascular axis and its connection with the palmar circuit permits the mobilisation of a dorsal metacarpal skin flap, with a distal pedicle and a reversed flow, that can be used for covering dorsal and palmar losses of substance in the thumb.
Neuronal precursor-specific activity of a human doublecortin regulatory sequence.
2005
The doublecortin (DCX) gene encodes a 40-kDa microtubule-associated protein specifically expressed in neuronal precursors of the developing and adult CNS. Due to its specific expression pattern, attention was drawn to DCX as a marker for neuronal precursors and neurogenesis, thereby underscoring the importance of its promoter identification and promoter analysis. Here, we analysed the human DCX regulatory sequence and confined it to a 3.5-kb fragment upstream of the ATG start codon. We demonstrate by transient transfection experiments that this fragment is sufficient and specific to drive expression of reporter genes in embryonic and adult neuronal precursors. The activity of this regulator…
The Growth of Greater Manila
2017
Manila is one of the largest megacities in the world. It has grown from the original settlements at the mouth of the Pasig River and the walled Spanish city of Intramuros. The American period saw major plans drawn by architect/planner Daniel Burnham to transform Manila in a US-style capital city, while the Commonwealth saw new plans to create a capital, Quezon City, also largely inspired by American models such as Washington DC. Those plans were only partially implemented. Today, Manila has become a complex metropolis, with several business centers taking over from downtown Manila. Among them, Makati, Ortigas and Bonifacio Global City appear as the true engines of economic growth in the cou…
Regional inequalities and economic downturns
2011
The aim of this paper is to analyze the impact of economic downturns on regional inequalities. From a theoretical point of view regional inequalities may change in the aftermath of economic downturns if different regions have a different degree of resilience to a common shock or/and a different speed of adjustment. To test for this hypothesis we estimate the dynamic response of regional inequalities to economic downturns, controlling and interacting for country’s structural and policy variables associated to regional inequalities. The set of such variables includes, among others, the share of rural population, demographic changes, educational disparities, production diversification, the l…
Determination of hydrodynamic drag forces and drag coefficients on human leg/foot model during knee exercise.
2000
Objective. The purpose of this laboratory experiment was to measure hydrodynamic drag forces in barefoot/hydro-boot conditions and accordingly, to determine the coefficients of drag on human leg/foot model during simulated knee extension–flexion exercise. Design. The prosthesis of the human lower leg was set in a water tank and connected into an isokinetic force dynamometer to measure resistive forces during knee motion. Background. Quantifying resistance for aquatic exercises has been a challenge in hydrotherapy. The use of models of foot/leg provides a practical method to calculate coefficients of drag and to estimate resistance for rehabilitation purposes in musculoskeletal and amputee p…
5-Fluorouracil Buccal Tablets for Locoregional Chemotherapy of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Formulation, Drug Release and Histological Effects on Re…
2010
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is currently used for treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). 5-FU is given by i.v. although the systemic administration is associated with severe toxic effects and no topical formulations of 5-FU for buccal drug delivery have been reported. In this study we would report the development of buccal tablets suitable for direct application of low-doses of 5-FU on cancer lesions. The topical administration could be effective on tumor area while systemic undesired side effects are avoided. Preliminarily, the limited tendency of 5-FU to cross the buccal tissue was established using reconstituted human oral epithelium (RHOE, in vitro) and porcine buccal mucosa (ex vi…
Aloin delivery on buccal mucosa: ex vivo studies and design of a new locoregional dosing system
2014
Context: Chemoprevention of potential malignant disorders or cancerous lesions that affect oral mucosae requires extended duration of treatment. Locoregional delivery of natural products could represent a promising strategy for this purpose. Objective: To investigate the aptitude of aloin to permeate through, or accumulate in, the buccal mucosa and to develop a new prolonged oro-mucosal drug delivery system. Materials and Methods: Permeation/accumulation of aloin from Curacao Aloe (containing 50% barbaloin) was evaluated ex vivo, using porcine buccal mucosa as the most useful model to simulate human epithelium. Oro-mucosal matrix tablets were prepared by dispersing aloin (10% w/w) in Eudrag…
Regional Intestinal Drug Permeability and Effects of Permeation Enhancers in Rat
2020
Sufficient colonic absorption is necessary for all systemically acting drugs in dosage forms that release the drug in the large intestine. Preclinically, colonic absorption is often investigated using the rat single-pass intestinal perfusion model. This model can determine intestinal permeability based on luminal drug disappearance, as well as the effect of permeation enhancers on drug permeability. However, it is uncertain how accurate the rat single-pass intestinal perfusion model predicts regional intestinal permeability and absorption in human. There is also a shortage of systematic in vivo investigations of the direct effect of permeation enhancers in the small and large intestine. In …
Solid lipid nanoparticles containing tamoxifen characterization and in vitro antitumoral activity.
2005
Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) containing tamoxifen, a nons- teroidal antiestrogen used in breast cancer therapy, were prepared by microemulsion and precipitation techniques. Tamoxifen loaded SLNs seem to have dimensional properties useful for parenteral administration, and in vitro plasmatic drug release studies demon- strated that these systems are able to give a prolonged release of the drug in the intact form. Preliminary study of antiproliferative ac- tivity in vitro, carried out on MCF-7 cell line (human breast cancer cells), demonstrated that SLNs, containing tamoxifen showed an antitumoral activity comparable to free drug. The results of char- acterization studies and of in vitro …
Statistical tools and control of internal lubricant content of inhalation grade HPMC capsules during manufacture
2016
The internal lubricant content (ILC) of inhalation grade HPMC capsules is a key factor to ensure good powder release when the patient inhales a medicine from a dry powder inhaler (DPI). Powder release from capsules has been shown to be influenced by the ILC. The characteristics used to measure this are the emitted dose, fine particle fraction and mass median aerodynamic diameter. In addition the ILC level is critical for capsule shell manufacture because it is an essential part of the process that cannot work without it. An experiment has been applied to the manufacture of inhalation capsules with the required ILC. A full factorial model was used to identify the controlling factors and from…