Search results for "RELATION"

Effect of arbuscular mycorrhiza establishment on the genetic structure and diversity of bacteria in the rhizosphere of Medicago truncatula

2007

National audience; The rhizosphere is the volume of soil which is influenced by plant root activity. Plant roots release 20% of the photosynthates into the rhizosphere. This process sustains the development of an active free living microflora in the rhizosphere compared to the bulk soil. Plants establish also symbiotic associations with soil microorganisms. Arbuscular mycorrhizas (AM) are mutualistic symbioses between soil fungi and plant roots. AM contribute to plant adaptation to low fertility environments. AM are established by 80% of terrestrial plant families including major crop plants. AM are also ancient symbiosis (400 million years). AM are known to be non-specific associations. Ho…

Identification de microorganismes, gènes et activités microbiennes impliqués dans les interactions plantes-microorganismes : conséquences pour la cro…

2009

Emerging mutualisms: fungal endophytes and their relationships with mycorrhizal fungi

2011

National audience; De nombreuses maladies émergentes apparaissent qui sont dues à des champignons, aussi bien chez les plantes, les animaux que chez l’homme. Il est donc important de comprendre les mécanismes à l’origine de ces maladies, et la biologie évolutive fournit un cadre théorique indispensable, en particulier pour comprendre l’adaptation des pathogènes aux nouveaux environnements ou aux nouveaux hôtes.

Effect of tillage on weed seed dispersal in fields, in interaction with soil structure and tillage depth

2008

International audience

Relation entre les sols de la région manganésifère de Moanda (Gabon, Afrique de l'Ouest) et les terrils pisolitiques issus de l'activité minière

2007

National audience

Les indicateurs de biodiversité terrestre

2009

Spatial processes driving soil microbial community assembly on a wide scale

2012

International audience; Soil houses a huge biodiversity involved in ecological services through microbial community assembly. However, processes driving soil microbial community assembly are still scarcely understood, particularly the relative importance of environmental heterogeneity regarding to dispersal limitations. This can be achieved through studying the determinism of taxa-area relationship (TAR, how community composition change with geographic distance), a fundamental relationship in ecology. Here, a biogeographical approach was applied on a wide scale to evaluate TAR for soil bacterial and fungal communities and to partition their spatial variations into environmental heterogeneit…

Caractérisation des communautés microbiennes des sols par des approches moléculaires - application au projet "Tahiti - relations multitrophiques"

2014

EA SPE GenoSol; DEUG

Effects of seed traits on weed seedbank dynamics in response to seed depth and soil structure

2008

International audience; Weed seedling establishment in fields strongly depends of soil tillage because it determines both seed depth and soil structure. Species can differ in their ability to develop after germination a shoot able to grow towards the soil surface. The length of the pre-emergent shoot growth is limited and seed size could be a key functional trait related to the maximum shoot growth. Besides, during pre-emergent growth, a proportion of seedlings can remain blocked under obstacles into the soil. This mortality could be linked to the hypo- or epicotyl morphology. This trait could be correlated to the emergence force exerted at the extremity of the shoot in the soil. The maxima…

Comparaison de l'arisa et du séquençage haut débit pour l'étude des processus de diversification des communautés microbiennes du sol

2013

EA SPE EcolDur GenoSol; National audience