Search results for "RELATION"
showing 10 items of 10542 documents
A frozen analogue approach to aminopyridinylimidazoles leading to novel and promising p38 MAP kinase inhibitors.
2012
In this study we report the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of constrained aminopyridinylimidazoles as p38α MAP kinase inhibitors. The frozen analogue approach focused on the pyridinyl unit, using purine bioisosteres as constrained structure analogues. The identification of the most potent bioisostere was followed by a further derivatization to address hydrophobic region II. In combination with C-2 modifications of the imidazole core, we were able to design highly active inhibitors on the p38α MAP kinase. The inhibitor design presented herein represents a promising and highly efficient advancement of recent stages of development in this class of p38 MAP kinase inhibitors. In co…
E-government in Tanzania: Current Status and Future Challenges
2012
Article from the book: Electronic Government. Also available from SpringerLink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33489-4_17 The public sector plays an important role in the economic growth and development of developing countries. The application of modern Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) may help improve the public sector by contributing to new services and processes that address citizens as well as government-to-government services, involve citizens more directly in decisions being made, and contribute to streamlining work processes and standardizations needed to develop a well-functioning public sector. Research focusing on E-government in developing countries is still …
Female bank voles ( Clethrionomys glareolus ) prefer dominant males; but what if there is no choice?
1996
Both intra-sexual competition between males and female mate choice have been found to affect mating behaviour in rodents. We studied female choice in the bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) under circumstances where male-male competition was excluded and the female could interact and mate freely with the males. Mating behaviour was observed in two situations: (1) the female encountered two males with a clear dominance relationship; and (2) the two males were equal in their social status. In all tests where a female in postpartum oestrus had a choice between males of different social rank she mated with the dominant one. When choosing between an even pair of males there was no difference in …
Fragmentary remains of Odontocetes (Cetacea, Mammalia) from the Miocene of the Lower Tagus Basin (Portugal)
2021
This first systematic account of the scarcely studied Miocene cetaceans from Portugal describes 17 previously unpublished odontocete specimens from the Lower Tagus Basin. In spite of their fragmentary nature, at least a familial assignment was accomplished for most, and some were even tentatively ascribed to known genera: the Physeteridae are represented only by isolated teeth of “ Scaldicetus ” type; the Platanistidae by a tympanic not definitely assigned to a particular genus; the Eurhinodelphinidae by a lumbar vertebra and an atlas, both only tentatively referred to this family; and the Kentriodontidae comprise the most diversified forms, including rostral and mandibular fragments of a k…
Differential responses of bacterial and archaeal groups at high taxonomical ranks to soil management
2010
Little is known about abundances of the major bacterial taxa in agricultural soils and how they are affected by fertilization or other agricultural practices. Our aim was to determine the abundance and relative distribution of several bacterial phyla and one class, as well as the archaeal and crenarchaeal communities, and how they were affected by different fertilization regimes to examine whether specific responses of microorganisms could be identified at these high taxonomic ranks. We used real-time PCR with taxa specific primers to quantify the abundance of the Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteriodetes, Firmicutes, Gemmatimonadetes, Verrucomicrobia, Alphaproteobacteria and Crenarchaeo…
Über gemischte bindungen in der IV. hauptgruppe
1987
Abstract Reaction of Ph3SnLi with Ph2SiCl2 or Ph2GeCl2 at −78°C in THF yields (Ph3Sn)2SiPh2 (1) and (Ph3Sn)2GePh2 (2). The crystal structure of 1 (R = 0.075) exhibits SnSi distances of 257.2(4) and 257.9(5) pm, an SnSiSn angle of 118.5(2)°, and a central C3SnSiC2SnC3 molecular skeleton with symmetry close to C2. The geminal NMR coupling 2J(119Sn ⋯ 119Sn) in 1, and in a tri-, tetra- and pentastannane series shows a linear correlation to their respective non-bonded d(Sn ⋯ Sn) distances (I(t-Bu2Sn)4I: 20 Hz/496 pm; 1: 724 Hz/443 pm).
Theoretical studies of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibition
2012
Computational methods for accurately calculating the binding affinity of a ligand for a protein play a pivotal role in rational drug design. We herein present a theoretical study of the binding of five different ligands to one of the proteins responsible for the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) cycle replication; the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT). Two types of approaches are used based on molecular dynamics (MD) simulations within hybrid QM/MM potentials: the alchemical free energy perturbation method, FEP, and the pathway method, in which the ligand is physically pulled away from the binding site, thus rendering a potential of mean force (PMF) for the binding process. Our com…
Investigations on the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase activity of spruce needles relative to the occurrence of novel forest decline
1991
Summary Investigations were carried out on phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) activity in needles of Norway spruce trees [ Picea abies (L.) Karst.] at two natural sites during the course of three vegetation periods. PEPC activity found in needles of damaged trees was considerably higher than in needles of undamaged trees. Annual average figures varied up to 100%. The positive correlation between PEPC activity and the extent of damage of the investigated needles indicates a significant relationship between both parameters: the PEPC activity in spruce needles seems to be not only a qualitative, but also a quantitative indicator of the extent of damage. Higher PEPC activity in needles of d…
In vitro enterococcus faecalis biofilm formation on five adhesive systems
2011
Objective: To determine the E. faecalis biofilm formation on the surface of five adhesive systems (AS) and its relationship with roughness. Study Design: The formation of E. faecalis biofilms was tested on the surface of four dual-cure AS: AdheSE DC, Clearfil DC Bond, Futurabond DC and Excite DSC and one light-cure antimicrobial AS, Clearfil Protect Bond, after 24 hours of incubation, using the MBEC high-throughput device. Results: E. faecalis biofilms grew on all the adhesives. The least growth of biofilm was on Excite DSC, Clearfil Protect Bond, and the control. Futurabond DC resulted in the greatest roughness and biofilm amount. There was a close relationship between the quantity of biof…
Agonistic and sociable behaviors in the mound-building mice,Mus spicilegus: A comparative study withMus musculus domesticus
2001
Present social organization and mating systems result from selective pressures and ecological conditions but also from proximate interactions between individuals. Many studies report on a polygynous mating system with a social group territoriality in commensal populations of Mus musculus domesticus. However, little is known about the social organization of other Mus species living in outdoor conditions, such as the mound-building mouse Mus spicilegus. Comparative studies between M. m. domesticus and M. spicilegus have already shown behavioral differences in female sexual preferences and paternal care. To study agonistic and sociable interactions and gain insight into the social organization…