Search results for "RESISTANCE"

Historique de l'utilisation des herbicides en France: premières analyses

2010

A data base on the herbicides used in France since 1961 has been built up from the phytosanitary index annually edited by the Association de Coordination Technique Agricole (ACTA). This data base gives the number of active ingredients, associations and commercial products registered every year and for each crop. We also gathered the modes of action, the way of absorption sites and the species susceptibility. Since 1961, 215 molecules have been registered. The number increased regularly with a maximum of 138 in 2002 and only around 100 remain in 2010. The evolution of the number of modes of action available for weed control in wheat is discussed.

Rôle du récepteur nucléaire d'activation et de prolifération des péroxysomes (PPAR-alpha) dans la modulation de l'inflammation et l'activation des ce…

2010

We assessed, in this study, the effects of PPARα deficiency on the expression of mRNAencoding for insulin gene transcription factors in pancreatic β-cells along with thoseimplicated in inflammation in adipose tissues. On fasting, the adult PPARα-null mice werehypoglycemic. Serum insulin concentrations and its pancreatic mRNA transcripts weredownregulated in PPARα-null mice, suggesting that PPARα gene deletion contributes to lowinsulin gene transcription. The PPARα gene deletion downregulates the mRNA expression ofinsulin gene transcription factors, i.e., Pdx-1, Nkx6.1 and MafA. Besides, the pancreaticfunction was diminished by PPARα deficiency as PPARα-null mice expressed low pancreaticGlut…

Mycorrhiza-induced resistance againsta root-rot pathogen in petunia: molecular mechanisms

2012

Résistance aux inhibiteurs de l'ALS: gare aux dicots ! Après le coquelicot et les matricaires, la stellaire fait de la résistance

2012

SPE GEAPSI

Mise en évidence de transporteurs de la résistance pléiotropique dans la muqueuse olfactive et leur implication dans la réponse aux odorants chez les…

2011

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a property of various cells associated with the capacity to reject or efflux a wide range of potentially harmful substances out of the cell. Pumps that effect such efflux are membrane proteins and belong to the ATP- binding cassette (ABC) superfamily. Among the members of the ABC family two are conferring MDR, P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and the multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP1). In this study we investigated the functional activity of MDR transporters in olfactory mucosa of two species, rat and mouse. We used the fluorometric calcein-AM uptake assay on olfactory mucosal slices incubated with specific inhibitors of the MDR-transporters, verapamil and cycl…

Does leaf position influence induced resistance to grape downy mildew?

2013

National audience; We observed that protection against grape downy mildew achieved by resistance inducers was higher in the adult leaf than in the younger, not fully expanded leaf. Using sulfated laminarin as inducer, this difference of efficacy could be correlated to stronger defense reactions (i. e. H2O2, defense gene expression) in adult leaf as compared to the younger one. These findings should be taken into account in disease control strategies involving induced resistance.

Recherches sur les herbicides: etat des connaissances et perspectives

1991

National audience

Les herbicides. Mode d'action et principes d'utilisation

1992

National audience

Identification de gènes liés à la résistance aux herbicides non liée à la cible chez les Ivraies : vers des tests « moléculaires » de diagnostic

2016

Identification of genes linked to non-target-site resistance to herbicides in ryegrass : towards "molecular" diagnosis assays. Setting up molecular diagnosis tools would greatly foster preventing and managing non-target-sitebased resistance to herbicides (NTSR). This is currently hampered by the complexity of NTSR genetic determinism, which is largely based upon differences in the expression of an unknown number of genes between resistant and sensitive plants. Identifying NTSR genes is thus a challenging task. Herein, we report the identification of 19 genes which expression patterns are correlated to NTSR to ALS-inhibiting herbicides in rye-grasses (Lolium sp.). We demonstrate the potentia…

Status of herbicide-resistant Lolium populations in wheat fields in Tunisia

2013

The evolution of herbicide resistance in weeds is a worldwide phenomenon in modern cropping systems. The presence of resistant populations can severely hamper herbicide-based weed control, thus leading to the need for a more accurate use of these products. In Tunisia, the first report of evolved herbicide resistance concerned Lolium rigidum populations collected in wheat fields in northern Tunisia in 1996 and found to be resistant to acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase-inhibiting (ACCase) herbicides. The objective of this study is to detect and characterise herbicide resistance in ryegrass (Lolium spp). The sensitivity of nine ryegrass populations, collected in wheat fields in northern Tunisia, w…