Search results for "RESONANCE"

showing 10 items of 6625 documents

Dipole Source Analyses of Early Median Nerve SEP Components Obtained From Subdural Grid Recordings

2010

The median nerve N20 and P22 SEP components constitute the initial response of the primary somatosensory cortex to somatosensory stimulation of the upper extremity. Knowledge of the underlying generators is important both for basic understanding of the initial sequence of cortical activation and to identify landmarks for eloquent areas to spare in resection planning of cortex in epilepsy surgery. We now set out to localize the N20 and P22 using subdural grid recording with special emphasis on the question of the origin of P22: Brodmann area 4 versus area 1. Electroencephalographic dipole source analysis of the N20 and P22 responses obtained from subdural grids over the primary somatosensor…

AdultMalePhysiologyModels NeurologicalSubdural SpaceSomatosensory systemYoung AdultSpecies SpecificityEvoked Potentials SomatosensoryCortex (anatomy)Brodmann area 4medicineAnimalsHumansBrain MappingEpilepsyScalpGeneral NeuroscienceMotor CortexElectroencephalographyArticlesHaplorhiniSomatosensory CortexAnatomyMiddle AgedMagnetic Resonance ImagingCentral sulcusMedian Nervemedicine.anatomical_structureSomatosensory evoked potentialFemalePrimary motor cortexTomography X-Ray ComputedPsychologyNeuroscienceBrodmann areaMotor cortexJournal of Neurophysiology
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Mechanical behavior of the quadriceps femoris muscle tendon unit during low-load contractions

2008

We examined the relationships between morphology and muscle-tendon dynamics of the quadriceps femoris muscle of 11 men using velocity-encoded phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Thigh muscle electromyography and joint range of motion were first measured outside the MRI scanner during knee extension-flexion tasks that were performed at a rate of 40 times/min with elastic bands providing peak resistance of 5.2 kp (SD 0.4) to the extension. The same movement was repeated inside the MRI scanner bore where tissue velocities and muscle morphology were recorded. The average displacement in the proximal and distal halves of the rectus femoris and vastus intermedius aponeuroses was dif…

AdultMalePhysiologyStrain (injury)ThighTendonsPhysiology (medical)medicineHumansLow loadKneeAponeurosisMuscle SkeletalLegmedicine.diagnostic_testElectromyographybusiness.industryMagnetic resonance imagingAnatomymedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingQuadriceps femoris muscleBiomechanical PhenomenaTendonmedicine.anatomical_structureThighmedicine.symptombusinessMuscle ContractionMuscle contractionJournal of Applied Physiology
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Magnetic resonance imaging findings and their relationships in the thoracic and lumbar spine. Insights into the etiopathogenesis of spinal degenerati…

1995

Study design Descriptive epidemiologic study about magnetic resonance imaging findings in the spine. Objectives To describe the prevalence of magnetic resonance imaging findings in a general population at spinal levels T6-S1, and to examine the relationships of these findings within each spinal level and between levels. Summary of background data The prevalence of specific findings and the associations between findings and spinal levels can provide general insights into the etiopathogenesis of spinal degeneration. Methods Subjects consisted of 232 men from a population sample (mean age 49.3 years). Signal intensity, disc bulging, disc herniation, and endplate irregularities were among 11 fi…

AdultMalePopulationDegeneration (medical)Thoracic VertebraeLumbarmedicinePrevalenceHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineeducationAgededucation.field_of_studyLumbar Vertebraemedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryAge FactorsReproducibility of ResultsMagnetic resonance imagingIntervertebral discAnatomyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingSpondylolisthesisSpineIntervertebral diskmedicine.anatomical_structureLumbar spineNeurology (clinical)SpondylolisthesisbusinessIntervertebral Disc DisplacementSpine
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Translational value of choroid plexus imaging for tracking neuroinflammation in mice and humans.

2021

Neuroinflammation is a pathophysiological hallmark of multiple sclerosis and has a close mechanistic link to neurodegeneration. Although this link is potentially targetable, robust translatable models to reliably quantify and track neuroinflammation in both mice and humans are lacking. The choroid plexus (ChP) plays a pivotal role in regulating the trafficking of immune cells from the brain parenchyma into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and has recently attracted attention as a key structure in the initiation of inflammatory brain responses. In a translational framework, we here address the integrity and multidimensional characteristics of the ChP under inflammatory conditions and question w…

AdultMaleProteomicsEncephalomyelitis Autoimmune ExperimentalMultiple SclerosisMiceNatalizumabCerebrospinal fluidImmune systemmedicineAnimalsHumansNeuroinflammationMultidisciplinarybusiness.industryMultiple sclerosisExperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisNeurodegenerationBrainmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingMice Inbred C57BLDisease Models AnimalBlood-Brain BarrierChoroid PlexusNeuroinflammatory DiseasesChoroid plexusFemalebusinessNeurosciencemedicine.drugProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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Straight gyrus morphology in first-episode schizophrenia-spectrum patients

2010

et al.

AdultMalePsychosisAdolescentFirst episode schizophreniaGyrus rectusYoung AdultmedicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansBrain magnetic resonance imagingBiological PsychiatryPharmacologyFirst episodeCerebral CortexPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesAnalysis of VarianceBrain MappingConfoundingHealthy subjectsAnatomyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingFirst-episode schizophreniaStraight gyrusStraight gyrusSchizophreniaSchizophreniaFemaleSchizophrenic PsychologyPsychologyNeuroscienceMRI
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Increased amygdala and parahippocampal gyrus activation in schizophrenic patients with auditory hallucinations: An fMRI study using independent compo…

2010

Objective: Hallucinations in patients with schizophrenia have strong emotional connotations. Functional neuroimaging techniques have been widely used to study brain activity in patients with schizophrenia with hallucinations or emotional impairments. However, few of these Studies have investigated the association between hallucinations and emotional dysfunctions using an emotional auditory paradigm. Independent component analysis (ICA) is an analysis method that is especially useful for decomposing activation during complex cognitive tasks in which multiple operations occur simultaneously. Our aim in this Study is to analyze brain activation after the presentation of emotional auditory stim…

AdultMalePsychosisFACIAL EXPRESSIONSHallucinationsBrain activity and meditationDIFFERENTIAL NEURAL RESPONSENEUROBIOLOGYFEARFUL FACESIndependent component analysisAuditory hallucinationsAmygdalaSeverity of Illness IndexPSYCHOSISFunctional neuroimagingBrief Psychiatric Rating ScalemedicineEMOTIONHumansBRAINBiological PsychiatryAuditory hallucinationSALIENCEmedicine.diagnostic_testABNORMALITIESfMRIRECOGNITIONmedicine.diseaseAmygdalaMagnetic Resonance ImagingAuditory emotional paradigmPsychiatry and Mental healthmedicine.anatomical_structureSchizophreniaParahippocampal Gyrusmedicine.symptomPsychologyFunctional magnetic resonance imagingBrain activityNeuroscienceParahippocampal gyrus
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Emotional words induce enhanced brain activity in schizophrenic patients with auditory hallucinations.

2005

Neuroimaging studies of emotional response in schizophrenia have mainly used visual (faces) paradigms and shown globally reduced brain activity. None of these studies have used an auditory paradigm. Our principal aim is to evaluate the emotional response of patients with schizophrenia to neutral and emotional words. An auditory emotional paradigm based on the most frequent words heard by psychotic patients with auditory hallucinations was designed. This paradigm was applied to evaluate cerebral activation with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in 11 patients with schizophrenia with persistent hallucinations and 10 healthy subjects. We found a clear enhanced activity of the fronta…

AdultMalePsychosisHallucinationsBrain activity and meditationEmotionsNeuroscience (miscellaneous)Brain mappingAmygdalaGyrus CinguliImaging Three-DimensionalmedicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingDominance CerebralTemporal cortexCerebral CortexAuditory hallucinationBrain Mappingmedicine.diagnostic_testBrainMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseAmygdalaMagnetic Resonance ImagingTemporal LobeFrontal LobeOxygenPsychiatry and Mental healthmedicine.anatomical_structureFrontal lobeChronic DiseaseSchizophreniaSpeech PerceptionSchizophrenic Psychologymedicine.symptomFunctional magnetic resonance imagingPsychologyNeurosciencePsychiatry research
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Schizophrenia with auditory hallucinations: A voxel-based morphometry study

2006

Many studies have shown widespread but subtle pathological changes in gray matter in patients with schizophrenia. Some of these studies have related specific alterations to the genesis of auditory hallucinations, particularly in the left superior temporal gyrus, but none has analysed the relationship between morphometric data and a specific scale for auditory hallucinations. The present study aims to define the presence and characteristics of structural abnormalities in relation with the intensity and phenomenology of auditory hallucinations by means of magnetic resonance voxel-based morphometry (MR-VBM) method applied on a highly homogeneous group of 18 persistent hallucinatory patients me…

AdultMalePsychosisHallucinationscomputer.software_genrebehavioral disciplines and activitiesBrain mappingFunctional LateralityVoxelmental disordersmedicineHumansPathologicalBiological PsychiatryPharmacologyBrain MappingAuditory hallucinationmedicine.diagnostic_testMagnetic resonance imagingVoxel-based morphometryMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance Imagingnervous systemSchizophreniaFemalemedicine.symptomPsychologyInsulacomputerNeuroscienceProgress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry
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ErbB4 genotype predicts left frontotemporal structural connectivity in human brain.

2008

Diminished left frontotemporal connectivity is among the most frequently reported findings in schizophrenia and there is evidence that altered neuronal myelination may in part account for this deficit. Several investigations have suggested that variations of the genes that encode the Neuregulin 1 (NRG1)-ErbB4 receptor complex are associated with schizophrenia illness. As NRG1--ErbB4 has been implicated in neuronal myelination, we investigated with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) whether fractional anisotropy (FA)--a putative measure of neuronal myelination--is predicted by a risk haplotype of the ErbB4 gene. The effects of the ErbB4 genotype were investigated in healthy subjects (N=59; mean …

AdultMalePsychosisReceptor complexGenotypeNerve Fibers MyelinatedLateralization of brain functionTemporal lobeWhite matterMemoryRisk FactorsFractional anisotropyNeural PathwaysmedicineReaction TimeHumansAttentionPharmacologyEcho-Planar ImagingGenes erbBHuman brainmedicine.diseaseTemporal LobeFrontal LobePsychiatry and Mental healthmedicine.anatomical_structureDiffusion Magnetic Resonance ImagingHaplotypesSchizophreniaSchizophreniaAnisotropyFemalePsychologyNeuroscienceNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology
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Motor abnormalities and basal ganglia in first-episode psychosis (FEP)

2020

AbstractBackgroundMotor abnormalities (MAs) are the primary manifestations of schizophrenia. However, the extent to which MAs are related to alterations of subcortical structures remains understudied.MethodsWe aimed to investigate the associations of MAs and basal ganglia abnormalities in first-episode psychosis (FEP) and healthy controls. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed on 48 right-handed FEP and 23 age-, gender-, handedness-, and educational attainment-matched controls, to obtain basal ganglia shape analysis, diffusion tensor imaging techniques (fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity), and relaxometry (R2*) to estimate iron load. A comprehensive motor battery was applied incl…

AdultMalePsychosismedicine.medical_specialtyAkathisiaBasal Ganglia03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInternal medicineBasal gangliaFractional anisotropyImage Processing Computer-AssistedmedicineHumansPsychomotor AgitationApplied Psychologymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryParkinsonismBrainMagnetic resonance imagingmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance Imaging030227 psychiatryMotor coordinationPsychiatry and Mental healthDiffusion Tensor ImagingPsychotic DisordersSchizophreniaCardiologyFemaleAtrophymedicine.symptombusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryDiffusion MRIPsychological Medicine
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