Search results for "RESPIRATORY SYSTEM"

Tidal volume and helmet: Is the never ending story coming to an end?

2021

Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) has been increasingly used in acute care setting with various indications, but its use in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) is controversial. In this setting, reliable monitoring of Vt and unintentional leaks is of the utmost importance. The aim of this article is to describe the importance of tidal volume measurement in the context of AHRF treated with NIV.

Assembly 2

2017

Assembly 2, the home of groups “02.01: acute critical care” and “02.02: noninvasive ventilatory support”, is a growing and active assembly within the European Respiratory Society (ERS). The number of members in Assembly 2 is steadily increasing, reaching a total of 846 in 2016. The members of Assembly 2 are young, with up to 40% of the members of Assembly 2 aged <40 years, and scientifically active, with 120 accepted abstracts at the recent ERS International Congress 2106 in London. The overarching aims of Assembly 2 are to promote respiratory intensive care within ERS through educational activities (in conjunction with HERMES (Harmonised Education in Respiratory Medicine for European Speci…

Reasons for inadequate asthma control in children: an important contribution from the “French 6 Cities Study”

2012

Asthma represents the most common chronic illness in children [1] and an important clinical and public health problem. In fact, diagnosing and treating asthma in children still remain a challenge. There is evidence that children with asthmatic symptoms are often undiagnosed and undertreated [2]. Considering the prevalence of childhood asthma and its associated burden, it is mandatory to obtain an optimal control of the disease and improving outcomes for patients [3]. To achieve this goal, guidelines were published with indications about medication use, control of the environment and health education. Unfortunately, evidence exists that guidelines recommendations are often not applied within…

Prediction of mortality rate in acute type A dissection: the German Registry for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection score.

2020

Abstract OBJECTIVES The goal was to develop a scoring system to predict the 30-day mortality rate for patients undergoing surgery for acute type A aortic dissection on the basis of the German Registry for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection (GERAADA) data set and to provide a Web-based application for standard use. METHODS A total of 2537 patients enrolled in GERAADA who underwent surgery between 2006 and 2015 were analysed. Variable selection was performed using the R-package FAMoS. The robustness of the results was confirmed via the bootstrap procedure. The coefficients of the final model were used to calculate the risk score in a Web-based application. RESULTS Age [odds ratio (OR) 1.018, 95% …

Sleep Apnea and the Kidney

2020

Abstract Purpose of Review There are some uncertainties about the interactions between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). We critically reviewed recent studies on this topic with a focus on experimental and clinical evidence of bidirectional influences between OSA and CKD, as well as the effects of treatment of either disease. Recent Findings Experimental intermittent hypoxia endangers the kidneys, possibly through activation of inflammatory pathways and increased blood pressure. In humans, severe OSA can independently decrease kidney function. Treatment of OSA by CPAP tends to blunt kidney function decline over time, although its effect may vary. OSA may increa…

Asthma in the elderly: a different disease?

2016

Key points Asthma in the elderly can be difficult to identify due to modifications of its clinical features and functional characteristics. Several comorbidities are associated with asthma in the elderly, and this association differs from that observed in younger patients. In clinical practice, physicians should treat comorbidities that are correlated with asthma (i.e. rhinitis or gastro-oesophageal reflux), assess comorbidities that may influence asthma outcomes (i.e. depression or cognitive impairment) and try to prevent comorbidities related to ­‘drug-associated side-effects (i.e. cataracts, arrhythmias or osteoporosis). “Geriatric asthma” should be the preferred term because it implies …

Endurance training: Is it bad for you?

2016

Educational aims To illustrate the characteristics of endurance exercise training and its positive effects on health. To provide an overview on the effects of endurance training on airway cells and bronchial reactivity. To summarise the current knowledge on respiratory health problems in elite athletes. Endurance exercise training exerts many positive effects on health, including improved metabol­ism, reduction of cardiovascular risk, and reduced all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Intense endurance exercise causes mild epithelial injury and inflammation in the airways, but does not appear to exert detrimental effects on respiratory health or bronchial reactivity in recreational/non-eli…

Dynamic hyperinflation during the 6-min walk test in severely asthmatic subjects

2018

We tested the hypothesis that dynamic hyperinflation develops in severe asthmatic subjects during exercise. Changes in inspiratory capacity (IC) were measured during the 6-min walk test (6MWT) in severe asthmatic subjects compared with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) subjects with a similar degree of bronchial obstruction. We assessed whether changes in IC were associated with changes in dyspnoea perception. 27 severe asthmatic subjects (10 males and 17 females) and 43 COPD subjects (35 males and eight females) were recruited. The two groups performed similarly in the 6MWT (p=0.90). At the end of the test, the Borg score increased significantly in both groups (mean difference: …

VENTILATOR CONFIGURATION IN CHILDREN ON LONG TERM HOME VENTILATION DURING THE COVID19 PANDEMIC

2021

Evaluation of a multicomponent grading system for obstructive sleep apnoea: the Baveno classification

2021

New findings on pathophysiology, epidemiology, and outcome have raised concerns on the relevance of the apnoea–hypopnoea index (AHI) in the classification of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) severity. Recently, a multicomponent grading system decision integrating symptomatology and comorbidities (Baveno classification), was proposed to characterise OSA and to guide therapeutic decisions. We evaluated whether this system reflects the OSA population, whether it translates into differences in outcomes, and whether the addition of AHI improves the scheme. A total of 14 499 OSA patients from the European Sleep Apnoea Database cohort were analysed. The groups were homogeneously distributed and were…